WOMAN PARTICIPATION & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY

Transcription

1 WOMAN PARTICIPATION & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY Rosa Vivien Ratnawati Director General for Solid Waste, Hazardous Waste & Toxic Subtances Management MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTRY REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA Bali, September 13 th 2018

2 INTRODUCTION: SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT Sustainable Energy : SDGs & President s Commitment President s Nawacita ENERGY SOVEREIGNITY AGENDA ENERGY INDEPENDENCY & SECURITY Principles of Fairness, Sustainability and Environmental Insight

3 INTRODUCTION: SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT (Sustainable) Energy Policy In Indonesia UU No. 30/2007 Energy PP No. 79/2014 National Energy Policy (NEP) ENERGY INDEPENDENCY & SECURITY 31% % 24% 34% 8% 2016* 34% 23% 30% % 22% 25% Crude Oil Natural gas Coal Renewable Energy (RE) 24% *Source: Renewable Energy Statistics 2016

4 GENDER ISSUES ON ENERGY DEVELOPMENT Gender Issue on Sustainable Energy Development in Indonesia Poor women in rural areas of developing countries generally have a more difficult time compared to men,due to their traditional socio--cultural roles. They often spend long hours collecting fuel wood and carrying it back home over long distances. The time and labour expended in this way exhausts them and limits their ability to engage in other productive and income--generating activities. Their health suffers from hauling heavy loads of fuel and water, and from cooking over smoky fires. Their opportunities for education and income generation are limited by lack of modern energy services. their families and communities are likely to remain trapped in poverty. Encouraging WOMEN to be treated equally in access for clean and affordable energy is a must!!

5 INTRODUCTION: SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT Condition of Indonesian Forest and The People Forest Area in Indonesia is million ha (63.09% of land area) with high biodiversity Indonesia's natural resources are a significant capital for improving the welfare of people and society, especially in the provision of Renewable Energy (RE) A total of ± 25,863 villages are in and around the forest area, with a population classified as poor, 10.2 million people (36.73% of the total population of Indonesia) At present, more than 40 percent of households in Indonesia or around 25 million households still use biomass as the main fuel for cooking in rural areas, including Java.

6 MoEF PROGRAM ON RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT Scope of MoEF Authority on Energy Development As a provider of space for Renewable Energy development : 1. Forest Product Utilization Permit on production forest state area 2. Forest Area Leasehold License for Non-Forestry Activities (including new and renewable energy development) Research and Development of forestry products & environmental services to support sustainable energy development (As Supporting Element) Strategic Plan of MoEF on Energy Sector AGENDA ENERGY SECURITY STRATEGY Increase the Area of the utilization of production forest for biomass covering 100,000 ha Increase the utilization of water energy from the conservation area for a minimum of 50 units of mini / micro hydropower plants Increase the number of partnerships utilizing geothermal tank in a conservation area of at least 5 units Increase utilization of waste & B3 waste for electrical energy

7 MoEF PROGRAM ON RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT Energy Plantation Forest Development Target Biomass, Biofuel and Waste Projection Up to 2050 Million Tones 40rb ha 60rb ha 80rb ha rb ha Type of Renewable Energy Biomass & Biofuell (incl. palm oil) Waste / Household & Industry waste rb ha TOTAL % of the total for biomass energy**) Realization of utilization area for Bionergy until June 2018 covering an area of 21,858 Ha (34 IUPHHK-HT) 21.86% of the target of 100,000 Ha 60% from biomass for wood pellet / chips, etc. Biomass Energy Growth from the forest (%) *) 1 MTOE = 11,62 twh; and 1 kwh = kg (wood pellet). **) Assumption: 40% of the total biomass & biofuels and waste / waste biomass chips, etc. Sumber : MoEMR, 2013 (diolah)

8 Indonesia Solid Waste Management State Projection of SW Generation SW Composition , , , , ,71 Source: BPS & MoEF, 2015 Source: Program Adipura, SW Management State (%) Landfilled 69% Buried (traditionally) 10% Trend of Plastic Waste Generation in Several Big Cities (m3) , ,17 Composted and recycled 7.5% Burned (openly) 5% ,81 Un-managed 8.5% Source: Program Adipura,

9 POTENCY OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AS RESOURCE NO. Composition Types % Amount (tons) Usage 1 Compostable organic Compost, Biogas, Heat/Electricity 2 Plastic Raw material, Heat/Electricity 3 Paper Raw material 4 Metal 4, Raw material 5 Rubber 5, Refuse derived fuel 6 Textile 3, Raw material 7 Glass 1, Raw material 8 Others 2, Others 9

10 POLICY TRANSFORMATION (UU NO. 18/2008, PP NO. 81/2012 & PERPRES 97/2017) SHIFTING THE PARADIGM END OF PIPE SOLUTION 3R & EPR CIRCULAR ECONOMY WASTE JUST POLLUTANT LOADS NO WASTE REDUCTION NO WASTE TO RESOURCE NO RESOURCE EFFICIENCY FULL VIRGIN RESOURCE EXTRACTION LINIER ECONOMY REDUCE WASTE AS POLLUTANT LOADS REDUCTION AT SOURCE WASTE TO RESOURCE RESOURCE EFFICIENCY LIMIT VIRGIN RESOURCE EXTRACTION PRODUCER RESPONSIBILITY LESS WASTE BY DESIGN MAKE WASTE A NEW LIFE AS LONG AS POSSIBLE SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES (SDG GOAL NO 11) RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION & PRODUCTION (SDG GOAL NO 12) Before law Law implementation Advance implementation 10

11 New Paradigm of Our Waste Management Avoid & reduce waste Raw material Business opportunity Flooding prevention Clean & livable cities Waste = Solutions Future investment Compost Alternative energy Mainstream issue

12 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT (Law No. 18 Year 2008) WASTE MINIMISATION: 1. AVOIDANCE & PREVENTION 2. RECYLING AT SOURCE 3. REUSE AT SOURCE WASTE HANDLING: 1. SEGREGATION 2. COLLECTION 3. TRANSPORTATION 4. TREATMENT (composting, recyling, energy recovery) 5. FINAL PROCESSING (at landfill) Key Factors: 1. Government both central and local are responsble to ensure SWM impementation is carried out well in environmentally sound management 2. Each individual and producer oblige to reduce their waste

13 NATIONAL POLICY AND STRATEGY ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT TARGET * Indicator SW generation estimation (million ton) SW reducing target (million ton) 9.80 (15%) 12 (18%) 13.4 (20%) 14 (22%) 16.4 (24%) (26%) 18.9 (27%) 19.7 (28%) 20.9 (30%) SW handling target (million ton) 47.3 (72%) 48.5 (73%) 50.3 (75%) 50.8 (75%) 50.7 (74%) 50.5 (73%) 50.3 (72%) 50.1 (71%) 49.9 (70%) * Stated on Presidential Regulation No. 97/2017 concerning National Policy and Strategy on Solid Waste Management

14 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT MEASUREMENT TARGET 30% WASTE REDUCTION BY DERCREASE WASTE GENERATION PER CAPITA 2. DECREASE WASTE GENERATION AT SOURCE 3. DECREASE WASTE TO LANDFILL 4. DECREASE WASTE TO ENVIRONMENT 70% WASTE HANDLING BY INCREASE WASTE TO RECYCLE AND WASTE TO RECOVER AS ENERGY 2. DECREASE WASTE TO LANDFILL 3. DECREASE WASTE TO ENVIRONMENT 14

15 WOMEN S ROLE ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FROM WASTE Compostable organic waste (68.3% fraction) is amount 44.9 million tons 42.5% of compostable organic waste generates from household is amount 19.1 million tons Convert to biogas using bio-digester technology at household or communitybased scale Utilise biogas for cooking Operate and maintain bio-digester facility Women Groups Note: Total amount of solid waste generation a year 65.8 million tons (2017) Fraction of organic waste (68.3%) and household source (42.5%) based on SIPSN (National Information System of SWM) at

16 WOMEN S PARTICIPATION ON MoEF ENERGY PROGRAM Waste to Energy : from palm shell waste to biogas National Energy Security Program Waste reduction + 20 ton/month, environmental friendly for methane capture Energy alternatives on producing gas and/or electrification Energy independence for household in remote area Food security: palm shell waste converted to mushroom cultivation Additional benefits for woman : Easy access to energy, reducing firewood, clean indoor air pollution, provide healthier life for family : decrease in abandon waste, provide mushroom for food, additional income from selling mushroom, project act as dissemination information center for others woman group s projects : 6 locations Sumatera : Kab. Pelalawan, Kab. Belitung TImur, Kab. Deli Serdang, Kalimantan : Kab. Katingan, Kab. Kotabaru, Sulawesi : Kab. Mamuju Utara Pilot Program 2017 MoEF and Lampung University at Jatidatar Village, Lampung Biomass Reactor : simple applied tecnology Capacity : 10 ton/batch or 20 ton/month No Benefits Amount 1 Energy Equal to 2 m 3 /ton/day = 0,9 kg LPG/ton/day = 4,5 kwh /ton/day 2 Waste utilization 20 ton/month 3 GHG reduction m3 CH 4 /year 4 Saving from gas utility Rp /month 5 Additional income from mushroom cultivation Rp /kg (harvest: 2-3 ton/house) around Rp. 100 million/3 months 4 Source: Additional Center for research benefits and development of forest Compost products and liquid fertilizer Abandon waste palm shell and cultivation mushroom s house Biogas for household : access energy for woman

17 WOMEN S PARTICIPATION ON MoEF ENERGY PROGRAM Bioethanol Development (Case Study: Boalemo FMU) Boalemo Regency has abundant palm sugar potential and generally the palm sugar juice produced is used as raw material for palm wine Another benefit of sugar palm is that it can be processed into bioethanol. Bioethanol is an alternative fuel substitute for fossil fuels such as kerosine (kerosene), premium and pertamax The Forestry Research and Development Center has developed bioethanol production from Aren by involving 2 forest farmer groups, namely KTH Aren advanced Bersama and KTH aren business with members involved as many as 50 people (@ 25 people). On the application on the household stove, 1 liter bioethanol mix can be used for 6 hours continuously and has a performance equivalent to gas 3 kg (Rp. 20,000 - Rp. 30,000) Women have an important role in the development of bioethanol, namely in the processing (cooking) of Bioethanol Source: Center for research and development of forest products

18 CLOSING Key Point for Gender Mainstreaming in Sustainable Energy Access Encourage access, participation, control of women and men in every stage of the program cycle, especially in planning for sustainable energy Lesson Learn : Involving women start from planning process, mentoring planning programs and activities according to community needs Triggering movement of energy saving and reducing wastes Sampah rumah tangga merupakan 70 % dari jumlah timbulan sampah, sehingga mengendalikan perilaku sejak dari rumah merupakan hal yang penting, dan untuk itu perempuan sangat berperan. Melibatkan perempuan dalam hal pengelolaan sampah merupakan salah satu cara Terbaik dalam pengendalian sampah. Innovation on renewable energy Utilizing available and easy-obtained resources Network Development, collaboration with various parties related to synchronization of programs both government, industrial actors, communities, NGOs and CSOs related to energy conservation and diversification programs. Develop Planning & Gender Responsive Budgeting in the Energy Sector at the Central and Regional levels Monitoring dan Evaluation

19 THANK YOU..