Potable Water Reuse. Status of Indirect and Direct. DWR Drought Response Workshop February 26, 2015

Transcription

1 Status of Indirect and Direct Potable Water Reuse DWR Drought Response Workshop February 26, 2015 mmwd1013i1.pptx/1 Andrew Salveson & Jeff Mosher

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3 Status of Response to Drought March a.com mmwd1013i1.pptx/3 3

4 Status of Response to Drought January a.com mmwd1013i1.pptx/4 4

5 Climate models indicate by 2050 Western and southern U.S. will become hotter and dryer Greater water stress Aquifer recharge and water reuse needed Midwest will become warmer and dryer Drought will affect agriculture and groundwater supplies Droughts punctuated by intense precipitation events in spring (floods) mmwd1013i1.pptx/5 Eastern U.S. will become warmer and much wetter Flood events Source: Jerry Schnoor, 2013 Clarke Prize

6 Water Sustainability Risk Index due to climate change in 2050 (Roy et al., 2012) Water Sustainability Risk Index in the absence of climate change in 2050 (Roy et al., 2012) mmwd1013i1.pptx/6 Slide from Jerry Schnoor, 2013 Clarke Prize

7 Public Health & Potable Reuse mmwd1013i1.pptx/7

8 mmwd1013i1.pptx/8 CA Medical Association supports potable reuse

9 National Research Council (2012) The committee views the planned use of reclaimed water to augment potable water supplies as a solution of last resort National Research Council 1998 the use of treated wastewater for beneficial purposes including irrigation, industrial uses, and drinking water augmentation could significantly increase the nation s total available water resources. mmwd1013i1.pptx/9

10 mmwd1013i1.pptx/10 National Activity

11 Why Potable Reuse? mmwd1013i1.pptx/11 Limitations with nonpotable water reuse Cost, storage, dual system (Large) increases in water supply Uses existing infrastructure Improves reliability Drought proof and locally controlled Sustainable supply Diversified water portfolio Optimizes a water supply Less energy than alternatives Local resource Not as susceptible to climate

12 Current IPR Projects mmwd1013i1.pptx/12 California Groundwater Replenishment System Montebello Forebay (Los Angeles) West Basin MWD (Los Angeles) Water Replenishment District Inland Empire Utilities Agency U.S. Upper Occoquan Project (Virginia) Scottsdale (Arizona) El Paso (Texas) Aurora (Colorado) International Singapore Australia

13 Recent/Proposed Potable Reuse Projects Indirect Potable Reuse Santa Clara Valley Water District Los Angeles City of San Diego Tucson Water Several others in CA, NM, OK mmwd1013i1.pptx/13

14 Direct Potable Reuse Urban Water Use Wastewater Treatment Water Treatment Plus Engineered Buffer Environmental Buffer mmwd1013i1.pptx/14 Advanced Water Treatment

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16 Colorado River Municipal Water District (Big Spring, TX) mmwd1013i1.pptx/16 Lake E.V. Spence , 2.24% Full , 0.27% Full

17 mmwd1013i1.pptx/17 DPR in Big Spring (TX)

18 mmwd1013i1.pptx/18 Colorado River Municipal Water District Raw Water Production Facility

19 Carollo, TWDB, and WRRF Evaluating Public Health Protection at Big Spring Process evaluation, advanced monitoring Detailed study of water quality Pathogens Trace chemicals Surrogate development Secondary Effluent 1 2 Microfiltration Reverse Osmosis H 2 O UV Ethinyl estradiol 6 <20% blend caffeine Moss Creek Lake E.V. Spence Pipeline mmwd1013i1.pptx/19 Proposed Sample Locations 4 RO concentrate To drinking water plants

20 What We Are Learning mmwd1013i1.pptx/20 CRMWD new Raw Water has Minimal trace pollutants, those found (3) are at the ng/l level No detected virus or protozoa <10-1 to 10-3 per Liter Very low DBP formation potential, after RO. Compared to surface water supply, one might consider from this initial data... MF filtrate is good quality, but not quite at the raw water standard RO permeate quality exceeds raw water quality Finished water, UV-AOP, is excess treatment for a raw water

21 Example Case Study for Utility X Project goal: Supplement water supply with secondary effluent Determine additional treatment needed Develop monitoring program WWTP negligible distance WWTP WWTP WWTP purchased effluent mmwd1013i1.pptx/21 WTP

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23 Cloudcroft, New Mexico mmwd1013i1.pptx/23 Water Supply is low, and DPR is the answer. Vacation community. At 9,000 feet, there are limited groundwater resources. No surface water resources. Population doubles/triples during peak tourist season. Water is needed to sustain tourism in the Village. Public support is split 50/50

24 Proposed DPR System for Cloudcroft System is not yet operational. 80% constructed. Goes online Fall Highly advanced and redundant processes. Wastewater Purification Membrane Bioreactor Reverse Osmosis UV/AOP Chlorine Disinfection Water Treatment Chlorine Disinfection UV Ultrafiltration 1 MG Storage (10 days) mmwd1013i1.pptx/24 ~50% Blending with Raw Water

25 Critical Issues to Address in Cloudcroft New Mexico Environment Department needs answers. What level of treatment meets public health standards? Is the existing treatment scheme sufficient? What about process monitoring? How will a small community properly operate an advanced facility? What type of statewide guidance is needed for big and small DPR projects? Expert Panel (IAP) Jeff Mosher, NWRI Jim Crook, Chair Joe Cotruvo Andrew Salveson, Panelist Bruce Thompson, UNM John Stomp, Albuquerque mmwd1013i1.pptx/25

26 NWRI Panel Key Issues Operation and maintenance (O&M) issues are key! Training Retraining Staff redundancy (small community!) Budgeting - this will be a large increase in O&M costs. Outreach & Education ASAP mmwd1013i1.pptx/26

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28 WateReuse DPR Research Program and Expert Panel Advisory Panel of Stakeholders CA Expert Panel DPR Research Program Research Outcomes Research Advisory Committee Proposes Approves Board of Directors mmwd1013i1.pptx/28

29 mmwd1013i1.pptx/29 WRRF is the first published WRRF report on how to safely implement DPR

30 mmwd1013i1.pptx/30 Our Structural Partners (Cal State) Taught Us About the Risk Related to Complex and Coupled Systems

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32 WaterRF Looking at the Next DPR Issues Blending Water Quality Corrosion Issues Pathogens Trace Pollutants Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria mmwd1013i1.pptx/32

33 WaterRF DPR Research to Span a Range of Blending Approaches Secondary Effluent with Raw Water Purified Water with Raw Water Purified Water with Finished Water and interactions in between. mmwd1013i1.pptx/33

34 National Implications No National Guidelines or Regulations Exist Many States and Considering Their Own Approaches (TX, CA, OK, CO, NM) Substantial database of information available for common benefit. mmwd1013i1.pptx/34

35 DRIVERS FOR FRAMEWORK mmwd1013i1.pptx/35 Availability of highly effective water treatment technologies Water scarcity Climate change concerns (e.g., drought) Communities focusing on developing sustainable water supplies Public interest in in green practices More sustainable, less wasteful, more efficient, and less environmentally damaging DPR is an opportunity to accomplish these ends Projects are proceeding!

36 DPR FRAMEWORK SPONSORS Project Sponsor: WateReuse Association Justin Mattingly, Project Manager Project Co-Sponsors: AWWA WEF mmwd1013i1.pptx/36

37 PURPOSE OF DPR FRAMEWORK Purpose: Document topics and issues that need to be addressed in the development of potable reuse guidelines Provide an overview of the topics that are important in the implementation of DPR mmwd1013i1.pptx/37

38 DPR FRAMEWORK SCOPE mmwd1013i1.pptx/38 Focus: Public health protection Sufficient multiple barriers Treatment technologies Water quality and performance monitoring Operation management Audience Utility and agency staff, regulators, and water professionals interested in understanding the elements important in a DPR effort

39 DPR FRAMEWORK OUTCOMES mmwd1013i1.pptx/39 Provide a resource on DPR including information and expert judgment Source of information on the protection of public health for DPR Review the factors and topics related to implementing DPR Address the need the for potable reuse guidelines Provide direction and criteria to ensure the quality and safety of DPR

40 PANEL MEMBERS CHAIR: George Tchobanoglous, UC Davis, Professor Emeritus Jim Crook, Water Reuse Consultant Ellen McDonald, Alan Plummer Associates Joe Cotruvo, Retired U.S. EPA Adam Olivieri, EOA Inc. Andy Salveson, Carollo Engineers mmwd1013i1.pptx/40 Shane Trussell, Trussell Technologies

41 TIMELINE May 2014 Preliminary outline developed June 24, 2014 PAC Conference Call Aug , 2014 Expert Panel Meeting #1 (CA) Nov , 2014 Expert Panel Meeting #2 (CA) Jan. 21, 2015 Expert Panel Meeting #3 (D.C.) mmwd1013i1.pptx/41

42 REPORT OUTLINE mmwd1013i1.pptx/42 1. Introduction 2. What Is Direct Potable Reuse? 3. Key Elements of Successful/Sustainable DPR 4. Public Health 5. Source Control Programs 6. Wastewater Treatment 7. Advanced Water Treatment 8. Finished Water Blending Issues 9. Monitoring and Instrumentation Requirements 10. Residuals/Brine/Concentrate Management 11. Facility Operation 12. Public Outreach 13. Future Developments

43 Conclusion Drought conditions are pushing IPR and DPR projects throughout the Western US Continued evolution of treatment and monitoring allows for the safe implementation of potable reuse on a large scale National and regional regulatory guidance will soon be available mmwd1013i1.pptx/43

44 mmwd1013i1.pptx/44 A Toast to Your Health!