Materials Information System (MIS) for Strategic Energy Technologies

Transcription

1 Materials Information System (MIS) for Strategic Energy Technologies Vangelis Tzimas Energy Systems Evaluation Unit Institute for Energy and Transport Joint Research Centre European Commission 1

2 JRC is the European Commission s in-house science service. It provides the JRC: science Who for policy are decisions, we and with what a view do to ensuring we do? that the EU achieves its Europe 2020 goals for a productive economy as well as a safe, secure and sustainable future. The JRC plays a key role in the European Research Area and reinforces its multi-disciplinarity by networking extensively with leading scientific organisations in the Member States, Associated Countries and worldwide. Main competence areas Energy & transport Environment &climate change Agriculture & food security Health & consumer protection Safety and security, including nuclear ICT 2

3 The Energy Systems Evaluation Unit The ESE Unit supports the implementation of the European Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET-Plan), through the management and operation of the Commission s Information System on energy technologies (SETIS). The SET-Plan, adopted in November 2007, is the technology pillar of the EU's energy & climate policy. The objective is to accelerate the development of low-carbon energy technologies leading to their market take-up. A firm commitment to position the European industry in a central role worldwide while contributing to the transition to a low-carbon economy. 3

4 SETIS activities on materials SETIS provides validated information and scientific assessments about the link between materials and energy technology deployment Scientific assessment for the SET-Plan Materials Roadmap (2011) Key materials research and innovation activities to advance energy technologies for the next 10 years. A guide for both the EU and Member State research and innovation programmes. Materials synthesis and processing and component manufacturing priorities for 11 energy technologies Available through the SETIS website Assessment of raw material supply chain bottlenecks to the large deployment of energy technologies Materials Information System 4

5 Scientific assessments of raw material bottlenecks Identification of raw material requirements for low-carbon energy technologies Analysis of the impact of disruption of raw material supply on the deployment of these technologies based on technology penetration scenarios Identification of possible strategies to prevent or mitigate the negative impacts of raw material supply and its restrictions on the EU policy goals Implementation in 2 phases: Phase 1 (2011) SET-Plan technologies: Wind, solar, CCS, nuclear, bioenergy, grids Phase 2 (2012) electromobility, lighting and insulation, electricity storage, H2 & fuel cells, other energy and green technologies 5

6 Raw material supply bottlenecks to SET-Plan Phase I SET-Plan technologies (2011 completed) IDENTIFIED METALS SIGNIFICANCE SCREENING Based on supply:demand figures Te, Te, In, In, Sn, Sn, Hf, Hf, Ag, Ag, Dy, Dy, Ga, Ga, Nd, Nd, Cd, Cd, Ni, Ni, Mo, Mo, Va, Va, Nb, Nb, Se Se CRITICALITY SCREENING Based on market/geopolitical factors Te, Te, In, In, Ga, Ga, Nd, Nd, Dy Dy Report available from the SETIS website 6

7 Significance screening Usage of significant metals in 2030 by SET-Plan technology (% of 2010 world supply) None for bioenergy and electricity grid

8 Criticality screening: Four evaluators 1. The likelihood of rapid global demand growth If demand from significant applications other than low-carbon energy technologies is expected to grow rapidly over the coming years 2. Limitations to expanding global production capacity in the short-tomedium term If suppliers are unable to expand output relatively easily in the short-to-medium term in response to demand and price increases, e.g. due to a lack of known reserves, a lack of idle production capacity or because the metal is a by-product of other mining activities 3. The concentration of supply If risks are due to monopolistic supply or dominated by only a few players, since individual large supplier countries have sufficient market power to affect global price levels and aggregate supply through policy decisions 4. The political risk related to major supplying countries A broader political instability or internal conflicts in a major supplying country, which may reduce or delay investments or disrupt production, including the likelihood that individual suppliers will seek to restrict access 8

9 Results of criticality screening Market Factors Political Factors Metal Likelihood of rapid demand growth Limitations to expanding production capacity Concentratio n of supply Political risk Overall risk Dysprosium High High High High Neodymium High Medium High High Tellurium High High Low Medium Gallium High Medium Medium Medium Indium Medium High Medium Medium Niobium High Low High Medium Vanadium High Low Medium High Tin Low Medium Medium High Selenium Medium Medium Medium Low Silver Low Medium Low High Molybdenum Medium Low Medium Medium Hafnium Low Medium Medium Low Nickel Medium Low Low Medium Cadmium Low Low Low Medium High Medium Low 9

10 Raw material supply bottleneck analysis II Phase II Other technologies ( ongoing) The example of lighting Technology Lighting Elements EU Demand (tonnes) EU Demand / World Supply Y , % 7.7% 8.0% Ga % 3.1% 5.3% Tb % 8.0% 3.9% Eu % 6.0% 2.9% Au % 0.6% 1.3% Ag % 0.4% 0.8% Gd % 0.4% 0.2% In <0.1% 0.1% 0.2% Cu 3,207 8,866 18,057 <0.1% <0.1% 0.1% Ni ,718 <0.1% <0.1% 0.1% Ce % 0.1% 0.1% La % 0.1% <0.1% Pb 3,066 2,968 2, % 0.1% <0.1% As <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Sn <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Zn ,180 <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Sb <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Cr <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% Mn <0.1% <0.1% <0.1% 10

11 Materials Information System (MIS) Structure of MIS Objective: Provide information about materials that are used in energy (and potentially other low-carbon) technologies through a user-friendly, easily navigated web-based interactive tool. Content: Technology and materials-related public information (supply chain data, material requirements, projections, etc.) along with the available references and public literature sources (links) Development: -Phase I: Tool design and development (end 2012) -Phase II: Contents (2013+) 11

12 The MIS concept Source: Siemens Permanent magnet typical composition Dy, 2% B, 1% Technology Component Nd, 29% Fe, 68% Materials usage Materials Information e.g. Production Maps REE Producing countries Materials resources 12

13 MIS contents (current status) Technology driven Provides information on both technologies and the materials used 13

14 Information on energy technologies Technology description Main manufacturers Description of main components Materials used incl. quantitative information about their utilisation Other applications for these components / materials Alternatives for each technology using less critical materials EU report US report JRC report 14

15 Materials used for technology components 15

16 Information on materials Material/element descriptions Main uses of elements / materials List of the energy technologies that use the specific material Material supply data (limited by data availability) Resources and reserves Production volumes & sources incl. mines Information whether this material is a primary product or a by-product Latest prices, etc. Recycling information Moreover (limited by resources & data availability): Mining methods Extraction routes Processing facilities End products Market structure 16

17 References and links to other resources Principal Reference data: European Commission, The Raw Materials Initiative meeting our critical needs for growth and jobs in Europe, SEC(2008) 2741 R.L. Moss, E. Tzimas, H. Kara, P. Willis, and J. Kooroshy, Critical Metals in Strategic Energy Technologies. Assessing Rare Metals as Supply- Chain Bottlenecks in Low carbon Energy Technologies, JRC Scientific and Technology Report, EUR EN, European Union 2011 D. Bauer, D. Diamond, J. Li, M. McKittrick, D. Sandalow and P. Telleen, Critical Materials Strategy, Department of Energy, USA December 2011 SETIS Materials Roadmap Data needs for a Full Raw Materials Flow Analysis, ENTR/2008/006/LOT 1, March 2012 Etc. 17

18 Future perspective MIS contents will continue to expand using information as they become available for each energy technology. The intention is to form a central data system providing a quick-look-and-see at the current materials issues, background information and with relevant links and an up-todate bibliography on materials for low carbon technologies. In the long run, MIS could include complete material flow data and assessment tools or host a reference inventory of data on critical and strategic raw materials. 18

19 Phase III (?): Interactive material flows Dy Ref: Study on Data Needs for a Full Raw Materials Flow Analysis, DG ENTR 19

20 Thank you! Please visit the SETIS website: 20