The INTEGRAL Project. INTEGRAL: Integrated ICT Platform for Distributed Control in Electricity Grids. INTEGRAL Objectives. How to Integrate DER?

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1 INTEGRL: Integrated ICT Platform for Distributed Control in Electricity Grids Hans kkermans The INTEGRL Project Duration: 3.5 years, started November 27 Budget: 5.3 M, EU contribution 2.6 M Effort: 425 personmonths Partners INTEGRL Project Team INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 1 INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 2 INTEGRL Objectives To achieve an integrated ICT-platform based distributed control of decentralized energy resources (DER) The project aims to build and demonstrate an industry-quality reference solution for DER aggregation-level control and coordination, based on commonly available ICT components, standards and platforms. Demonstrate its practical validity via three field demonstrations: Normal operating conditions (showing imbalance reduction potential) Critical operating conditions (showing grid stability) Emergency operating conditions (showing self-healing capabilities) How to Integrate DER? Success of DER integration depends on: 1. ggregation Dynamic real-time context Cells, micro-grids, virtual power plants 2. Integration of these DER aggregations into distribution grid operations Higher-level grid operations Power trading Prosumer local optimization (End customer) 3. vailability of Practical aggregation mechanisms Low-cost and industry-quality, standard solutions INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 3 INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 4 Integrated ICT-platform based Distributed Control (IIDC) INTEGRL key outcome: INTEGRL: project set-up Practical Validity Industry-quality reference solution Reference implementation Technical specs Technology for large-scale distributed control, coordination and optimization Service-oriented Information rchitecture Based on commonly available ICT components and standards Field validated INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 5 INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 6

2 INTEGRL Project Structure Common Control Concept... Market Power Control Protection dopting theory of economics gents competing with one another System should handle local processes as well global gents cooperating in order to achieve goal Solution should be fast Sub-optimal solution allowed gents cooperating to prepare grid parts to be switched off INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 7 INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb Validated via a Set of Cross- Cutting Use Cases: the Demos Field Test : Normal Operation & Commercial Balancing NL: > 1 DER/RES devices in dozens of family houses and various other buildings, run as VPP PowerMatching City (Response time) INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 9 INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 1 Field Test B: Grid Stability under Critical Conditions ES/GR: extended microgrid with variety of DER devices Field test C: Emergency Conditions & Self-Healing Capabilities F: Grenoble DER, Urban/industrial, Rural grid cells, + PREDIS analysis & control facility for DER Reduced ratio: power: 3kV/3MV Voltage: 4V/2kV INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 12

3 Price : 3: 6: 9: 12: 15: 18: 21: : Voorspelling Realisatie Regelvermogen Use Cases Business Cases Use Cases Operational Cases The INTEGRL project: Field Demonstration Cost Effective Use of Energy Prosumer Imbalance Reduction (VPP) Commercial ggregator Monitor Own Household Prosumer Maximize Economic Benefits of DER/RES asset investments Price Equilibrium Power Reduce Peak Loads Distribution System Operator Reduce Own Imbalance Provide Control and Spare Power Valorization of Renewable Energy sset Owner The Prosumer is interested in performance of his household and the revenues of his RES/ DER assets. Monitor and Control System Operator The Operator needs to monitor the System and look for anomalies. If anomalies occur, the Operator needs to take action in order to correct them or have them corrected. PowerMatching City in the Netherlands Congestion Management Reduce Network Capacity Investments Maximize revenues RES Maximize adaptation of RES by electricity system Collect and nalyze Data Operator / Researcher During the experiment logging and measurement data needs to be collected for on-line or off-line analysis. INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb Field Demo Roll-out Info session in households signed up Contracts hybrid heat pump system signed Status letter μchp participants Participants meeting Oct 9 Friendly user locations ready = the first fully integrated Smart Grids implementation in Europe! Public launch on 1 March 21 in presence of NL Minister of Environmental ffairs PV-equipped houses Physical or Virtual Wind park Kreileroord INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb PV, Wind, CHP, micro-chp, and o C 21 ltr. 9 ltr Hot water Tbb 3 kw Capstone Gasturbine Internal / external Tke 1 kw mchp P = 8+7 kw 12 ltr indirect for central heating Tbo Tka Tcv Tbu CC Crouzet controller W 12W radiator ch-pump 8W 1 kw Whispergen EU1 5W Fuel Cell INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 18

4 Wind Turbine Park I Wind Turbine Park II Residential Heat Production (CHP) Cold Store Emergency Generator ECN Test Dwelling... Smart ppliances PowerMatcher rchitecture Commercial ggregator uctioneer 3 kw Capstone MicroTurbine Distribution System Operator Residential ggregator ECN ggregator Gasunie ggregator ECN/D-dwelling ECN/ Kreileroord Windpark GasUnie/Renqi lab INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb Power Flow Demo Location D Dwelling mchp unit 3 Households (PowerMatching City) Plug-in Hybrid Car Wind Mill Park Heat Pump Cond. Boiler 3-6 households 15 mchp units Electric Storage Fuel Cell 15 Heat Pump Condensing Boilers PV-Solar Panels 3 PV-Solar Panels (Virtualy Connected) Hotfill Wash. Machine 1 Hotfill Washing Machines Smart Cont. Wash. Machine 1 Smart Controllabe Washing Machines INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 2 User Portal The INTEGRL project: Internet-like Mechanisms for Distributed Power Control Technical Background on Working Principles INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb ICT Systems for DER Clustering & ggregration Requirements for negotiating and optimizing smart devices: Scalability: Large number of DER components Spread over a large area Centralized control reaches complexity limits Openness: DER units can connect and disconnect at will ll (future) DER types must be able to connect Multi-actor interaction: Balancing of stakes: ly and globally Coordination exceeding ownership boundaries Decide locally on local issues. lign with Liberalized Energy Markets Multi-gent Systems (MS) Distributed Control & Intelligence Electronic Markets INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb The PowerMatcher Concept PowerMatcher The Smart Grid in Control Energy optimization of high numbers small units (<5MW) Demand Response Distributed Generation Industrial Installations Domestic ppliances Central Data Communications Network Storage (Plug-in Cars) Energy Trading Virtual Power Plant Business Cases Imbalance Reduction ctive Distribution Congestion Management Black-Start Support INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 24

5 PowerMatcher e-market technology: Multi-gent Layout For more info, see: What is an gent? Is self-contained software program Modular component of distributed & networked IS cts as representative of something or someone (e.g. device or user) Is goal-oriented: carries out a task, and embodies knowledge for this purpose Relative independence or autonomy Is able to communicate with other IS entities (agents, systems, humans) for its tasks info exchange, negotiation, task delegation Principle of local information and action gent task types: information management, transactions, distributed control strategies Society of Intelligent Devices INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb Energy e-services by Smart Grid e-markets (1) Link ICT and power networks Improve match of need, price, consumption dynamically E.g. Demand Response: cost and energy savings Use real-time knowledge of Prices, customer preferences Resource needs, state forecasts PX: price and volume fluctuations Energy e-services by Smart Grid e-markets (2) Virtual Power Plant: DER agents negotiate via a VPP computational market on basis of need (value, utility) and price Large-scale optimization achieved in fully decentralized way Based on economic market equilibrium theory Implemented by distributed algorithms using local data/knowledge only Power Time of day, h 6 verage Value INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb CRISP field test example: utomatic imbalance reduction in real time Field results: > 4% imbalance reduction INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb Control Engineering & Microeconomics Unified Control gents & Scarce Resources p r r x - x set goal/output state resource needs agent utility/ demand price goods inputs output Microeconomics Control Theory price resources goal state Multi-gent Theory agent control input Control Domain resource allocation Microeconomic Domain e-market for scarce resources INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 3

6 Energy e-services by Smart Grid e-markets (3) nother Example: gent Negotiations and Congestion Management Constrained Optimization Find general equilibrium Line flows line capacity In this case: Locational Pricing gent Demand Total Demand () Demand Functions Individual gents (B) ggregate Demand and Equilibrium Price p LEFT = 65.8 p * = 92.7 p RIGHT = Commodity Price INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb d 1 d 2 d 3 d 4 d 1 +d 2 +d 3 +d 4 d 1 +d 2 d 3 +d 4 Microeconomic Distributed Control It can be mathematically shown that: e-markets handle scarce resources optimally both locally and globally ( societally ) If scarcity is absent: operation as collection of local controllers The market solution & an omniscient central controller have identical outcomes data + Market communication = Central control! INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb INTEGRL Project Status Project: Finished: Specifications of distributed control concept, IIDC and field tests Second half 29 Field test roll-out start First half 21: Field demonstrations running Second half 21: Evaluation of the Results & Lessons learned Early 211: Practical Guidelines: Reference ICT architecture Reference Information Model INTEGRL Conclusions common ICT Framework for active distribution networks is needed and possible INTEGRL is going to fulfill this need This is a key component of Smart Grids in Europe nd this will bring us much closer to the required Internet-like electricity grid and networks INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb INTEGRL DINE Smart Grids Seminar, Tampere 17 Feb 21 34