[ ] Bioclimatic Buildings. Roberto Lamberts.

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1 Bioclimatic Buildings [ ] Roberto Lamberts Federal University of Santa Catarina Laboratório de Eficiência Energética em Edificações

2 Summary World construction industry Un-Sustainable vs. Sustainable development Sustainable construction Construction in Brazil Bioclimatic architecture Residencial sector Commercial sector 2

3 World Construction The construction is one of the most important economic sectors in the world. U$ 3 trillions are expended annually in the world, represent 1/10 of the global economy (CICA, 2002). It constitutes 30% of the businesses in Europe, 22% in the USA, 21% in Japan, 23% in the developing countries. 3

4 World Construction Buildings consume about 40% of the world energy, 16% of the drinking water, 25% of the forests woods. (UNCHS 1993) They are responsible for 50% of the CO2 emissions. (Petrocian, 2001) They consume 30-40% of the countries total energy demand. 4

5 World Energy Consumption Primaryenergyconsumption 2500 USA % USA 1500 Canada Brazil Mtep Germany Sweden 1000 China United Kingdom Australia 500 Japan Germany China Japan Brazil In Brasil 44.1% of the IEO has origin in renewable sources: hydroelectric generation and biomass 5

6 Un-sustainable development Exhaustion of the natural resources Greenhouse effect Serious economic results Increase in the frequency and violence of hurricanes and tropical storms Increase of the sea level Displacement of population 6

7 Sustainable development Ecologically correct Socially fair Economically viable 7

8 Sustainable constructions Beddington Zero Energy Development England 8

9 Sustainable constructions Use of recycled and renewable materials Use of materials that incorporate low energy LCA concept for the materials Use of certified wood Water use reduction trough rainwater collection and reuse Project for low maintenance Recycling of materials Reduction of pollutants Preservation of the environment Use of green roof Access to public transportation Energy efficiency Bioclimatic architecture 9

10 Construction in Brazil In Brazil the construction sector presents problems in part for the lack of regulations and guidelines focoused in economy of natural resources and better performance of the buildings. More sustainable/bioclimatic architecture is needed and more regulations But the context is changing. 10

11 Electrical energy consumption in buildings in Brazil 11

12 Energy Efficiency Law 17/10/2001 Law nº National policy of Conservation and Rational Use of Energy - all the equipment and constructions will have to respect minimum levels of efficiency 12

13 Energy Efficiency in buildings Bioclimatic architecture Use of renewable energy Energy efficiency equipments It s cheaper TO SAVE energy than TO SUPPLY it!!!! 13

14 Bioclimatic architecture Bioclimatic architecture relates the study of the climate applied to architecture, searching with this to improve the conditions of thermal comfort of the ocupants, through the use of appropriate project strategies considering the climatic differences for each place. CLIMATE + MAN + HABITAT Building Thermal performance Thermal comfort Heating and passive solar cooling Daylight Natural ventilation Adequate shading Brazilian bioclimatic zoning NBR

15 Bioclimatic architecture Climatic data 15

16 Bioclimatic architecture Project strategies Materials properties 16

17 Residencial sector 17

18 Final use of energy for the residential sector 1990 Chuveiro 23% consumo 70% saturação Geladeira 33% con. 75% sat. Lâmpadas incandescentes 12% consumo 100% saturação Ar condicionado 7% consumo 6% saturação Televisão 3% consumo 35% saturação 18

19 Brazilian Standard Thermal Performance of low income houses and brazilian bioclimatic zoning - NBR INFORMATION FOR EACH ZONE: Project strategies for summer and winter Openings for ventilation (%) Openings shading Thermal performance of the materials 19

20 Sustainable house Efficient House Florianópolis, 2006 ELETROSUL 20

21 Sustainable house Efficient House Florianópolis, 2006 Project developed with systems and solutions for the maximum energy efficiency and thermal comfort integrated to the architectural project. 21

22 Sustainable house Efficient House Florianópolis, 2006 Implemented technologies: Bioclimatic adaptation Fotovoltaic energy Passive strategies of air conditioning Solar water heating. 22

23 Sustainable house Efficient House Florianópolis, 2006 Strategies: Solar orientation Crossed ventilation. Solar shading Use of local materials with less environmental impact. Double glass for windows with blinds 23

24 Sustainable house Efficient House Florianópolis, 2006 Rescue of solutions of the vernacular architecture: use of the wood stove, heating the interior of the house in winter. Concentration of the wet area on the west side. Treatment of effluents Use of solar water heating. Accesibilility for people with special needs. 24

25 Commercial sector 25

26 Electrical Energy end use in offices 1990 Lojas do varejo IL = 76 % AC = 12 % Oficinas IL = 56 % AC = 4 % Escritórios IL = 50 % AC = 34 % Bancos IL = 52 % AC = 34 % Restaurante IL = 20 % AC = 7 % Shoppings Centers IL = 49 % AC = 34 % Média Média do do setor: setor: IL IL = = % AC AC = = % Eq Eq = = 36% 36% Posto de gasolina IL = 43 % Mercearias IL = 25 % AC = 2 % Serviços pessoais IL = 9 % AC = 3 % 26

27 Electrical Energy end use in offices

28 Variables that influence the energy consumption Architecture Lighting Equipments Ocupation Infiltration/ Ventilation 28

29 Architectural Shading 29

30 Lighting Daylight integration T5-28W lm Example: 103,6 lm/w 30

31 Internal load: Equipments Energy Saver 31

32 Regulation for a label of energy efficiency level for commercial and public buildings Aproved in september 2006 INMETRO Edifício Regulations and Certification 1. Terminology 2. Introduction 3. Lighting system 4. Conditioning system of air 5. Building envelope 6. Simulation 32

33 Sustainable commercial building Project Primavera Green Office Florianópolis Strategies: Energy efficiency Water efficiency Materials and resources Indoor environmental quality 33

34 Primavera Green Office Strategies 34

35 Energy efficiency in buildings Efficient building envelopebioclimatic Efficient equipment Efficient User 35

36 Sustainability? 36

37 We have to change... 37