Questions 1 4 refer to the diagram of the earth s atmosphere shown above. 3. The section of the atmosphere responsible for our daily weather.

Transcription

1 Unit 6 Practice Test Questions 1 4 refer to the diagram of the earth s atmosphere shown above 1. The ozone layer is found at this location. 2. The atmosphere is at its warmest point at this location. 3. The section of the atmosphere responsible for our daily weather. 4. The section of the atmosphere with 75-80% of the mass of the atmosphere. 5. The source of the ozone in the ozone layer is (A) oxygen molecules gas interacting with UV light to produce ozone. (B) ozone molecules formed at the earth's surface drifting upwards. (C) ozone formed by plants during photosynthesis moving upwards. (D) oxygen molecules forming the more stable compound of ozone through catalysis. (E) carbon dioxide molecules breaking down in the upper atmosphere when struck by UV light.

2 6. Which of the methods below is designed to prevent indoor air pollution? (A) Change indoor air more frequently (B) Ban smoking indoors (C) Use exhaust hoods for volatile chemicals (D) Increase the intake of outdoor air for office machines. (E) Use adjustable fresh air vents for work spaces 7. What do all photochemical reactions have in common? (A) Release photons of light called fluorescence as byproducts (B) Absorb light and release heat in the process (C) They are activated by light (D) Utilize red light to boost electrons to higher orbits (E) Couple visible light with heat to drive reactions 8. Which of the below is an element found in gasoline products sold outside of the United States and Canada? (A) Lead (B) Ozone (C) Particulates (D) Carbon oxides (E) Acid rain 9. Aquatic ecosystems are harmed from air pollution primarily through (A) deposition of particulates. (B) radon gas dissolving in the water. (C) mercury bonding with water molecules. (D) photochemical reactions of water and sunlight. (E) deposition of acid rain. 10. Ninety-nine percent of the volume of air in the troposphere consists of oxygen and (A) nitrogen. (B) argon. (C) carbon dioxide. (D) water vapor. (E) sulfur 11. The composition of the stratosphere is similar to that of the troposphere except there is a (A) lower concentration of water vapor. (B) lower concentration of nitrogen. (C) higher concentration of methane. (D) higher concentration of CO2. (E) higher amounts of argon.

3 12. Soot is an example of a (A) primary pollutant. (B) secondary pollutant. (C) Ozone molecule. (D) Carbon dioxide particle (E) healthy type of air pollution 13. Photochemical smog is often identified by this color in the air? (A) green (B) blue-gray (C) white (D) gray (E) brown 14. Industrial smog contains large amounts of (A) ozone. (B) nitrous oxides. (C) sulfur dioxide. (D) PANs. (E) VOCs. 15. A(n) can cause air pollutants at ground level to rise to harmful levels. (A) offshore wind (B) onshore wind (C) high pressure wind (D) rain shadow (E) temperature inversion 16. What is one problem associated with acid precipitation? (A) It leads to an accumulation of calcium in the soil. (B) It can promote the growth of large trees. (C) It can remove cadmium from the soil. (D) On first exposure to the acid, plant growth is accelerated. (E) Contributes to human respiratory disease. 17. The single best way to reduce acid deposition would be to (A) reduce the use of coal. (B) decrease emissions from automobiles in China. (C) prohibit the construction of nuclear power plants. (D) add limestone or lime to lakes and soil.

4 (E) build taller smoke stacks. 18. Which of the statements below about the earth's current warming trend is true based on the above diagrams? (A) There has been a uniform warming of the earth since (B) The temperature of the earth has been stable and unchanging over the previous centuries. (C) Greenhouse gases have been slowly accumulating in the atmosphere promoting global warming. (D) The earth has experienced many warming and cooling trends over the previous centuries. (E) Humans have been influencing global temperatures for the last few centuries. 19. Which of the below was not utilized to generate the data shown in the graphs above? (A) Bubbles of ancient air found in ice cores (B) Tree ring data (C) Dust samples from the ozone layer (D) Historical records (E) Minerals from ancient deposits

5 20. Which of the below is not a probable outcome of the warming trend of the Earth? (A) Flooding of low-lying cities and island nations (B) Melting of the permafrost and tundra releasing methane gas (C) Premature extinction of plant and animal species (D) Bleaching of coral reefs (E) The depletion of deserts 21. Which of the below is a positive feedback mechanism that could be accelerating the warming of the earth's atmosphere? (A) Absorption of CO2 by the oceans (B) Increase in severe weather in certain areas (C) Severe drought causing the earth to be browner and absorb more radiation (D) Spraying of sulfate particles in the atmosphere reflecting light (E) Changing of ocean currents carrying heat to different places 22. A 2007 IPCC report stated that the world's oceans are likely to rise cm during this century. The majority of this rise will occur as (A) increased rainfall. (B) melting of the arctic ice sheet. (C) melting of icebergs. (D) melting of land based ice. (E) expansion of water as it warms. 23. Which of the below is NOT an effect of ozone depletion in the stratosphere? (A) Increased sunburns (B) Increased skin cancers (C) Disrupted populations of phytoplankton (D) Increased asthma and bronchitis problems (E) Degradation of outdoor paints and plastics 24. Which of the below diagrams in an appropriate representation of the ozone molecule?

6 25. Which of the below is NOT true of CFC molecules as they rise through the atmosphere? (A) CFCs remain in the atmosphere for extended periods of time. (B) CFCs rise through the atmosphere via convection currents. (C) CFCs are broken down by UV radiation releasing chlorine atoms. (D) CFC atoms can last in the atmosphere for hundreds of years. (E) CFC atoms are no longer a danger to ozone after UV light breaks them down. 26. Many climate change analysts believe that because of the difficulty in making large reductions in greenhouse gases, we need to prepare for the harmful effects of large scale climate warming and change. Which of the below is a method of preparing for long-term harmful effects of climate change? (A) Replace incandescent light bulbs with compact fluorescents. (B) Plant trees to shade houses and absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. (C) Buy products from companies that are actively reducing their carbon footprints. (D) Walk, bike, carpool. or utilize mass transit. (E) Move people inland. 1.D 2.A 3.E 4.E 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.E 10.A 11.A 12.A 13.E 14.C 15.E 16.E 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.E 21.C 22.D 23.D 24.B 25.E 26.E