Making Renewable Energy Integration Compatible with the Security of the System

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Making Renewable Energy Integration Compatible with the Security of the System"

Transcription

1 Making Renewable Energy Integration Compatible with the Security of the System November 20 th 2015

2 Spanish Electrical System

3 REE: Mission and Principles System Operation: Operate the grid & coordinate its uses with the generation facilities in order to ensure the security and continuity of the electricity supply. Transmission (Since 2007 as exclusive transmission company): The development and the maintenance of the transmission facilities. Provide maximum service reliability km of lines and MW of transforming capacity km de red Personas Posiciones SHARE CAPITAL (Closure SEPI 20 % FREE- FLOAT 80% SEPI: Spanish Stated Owned Holding Company

4 REE: Transmission System

5 Structure of the Accumulated Net Generation 2014 Energy without CO 2 emissions 64% Renewable Energy 42% Wind Solar PV Solar CSP Biomass Hydro-power Pumping Generation Nuclear Coal Combined cycle Fuel-Gas 0 Cogeneration and Waste GENERATION Cogeneration and Waste 10% Fuel-Gas 0% Combined cycle 8% Coal 16% Wind 20% Solar PV 3% Nuclear 22% Solar CSP 2% Biomass 2% Hydro-power 15% Pumping Generation 2%

6 CSP Solar PV Wind Renewable Energy Evolution Installed capacity % Demand coverage FIRST ENERGY SOURCE IN 2013, SECOND IN % 2014 TOTAL 42% 3% 2014 TOTAL 42% 2% 2014 TOTAL 42%

7 Installed Capacity November 2015 Technology MW % Unconventional thermal 7% Fuel-Gas 0% Combined cycles 25% Wind 23% Solar photovoltaic Solar 4% thermoelectric 2% Hydro-power (1) 19% Wind Solar photovoltaic Solar thermoelectric Hydro-power (1) Renewable thermal Nuclear Coal 11% Nuclear 8% Renewable thermal 1% Coal Combined cycles Fuel-Gas Unconventional thermal Total (1) Includes pumping power

8 Wind Power Becomes the Spanish Main Source of Energy Maximum coverage of the demand: 68.5% (25/12/2013). Minimum coverage: < 1 % Maximum production: MW (06/02/2013). Minimum production of the last year: 157 MW (08/12/2013).

9 Challenges for Renewable Energy Integration Demand coverage Participation in ancillary servicies Control and monitoring of generation Production depending on availability of primary energy resource Manageability Forecasts volatility and uncertainty The Klaus Cyclone Perturbations response

10 Spain s Main Challenges Integrating Renewables Small International exchange capacity Big difference between peak and off peak demand Winter Summer

11 Demand coverage: Wind Generation Correlation with the demand Balance feasibility during off-peak hours

12 Technology Limitations Wind: over-speed protection Wind and Solar PV: voltage dip protection The Klaus Cyclone Compliance with PO 12.3: Tripping if wind speed is higher than 25 m/s. Wind power variation on this day: MW. Wind: Since January 1 st Solar PV: Since October 1 st Solar CSP: Good performance. < 2% without fault-ride-through capabilities according to PO 12.3

13 Dispersion: Influence of Geographical Spread Wind Solar PV

14 Pillars to Success: Observability and Controllability

15 Observability OBSERVABILITY Without measurement Real time measurement Real time measurement Without a reliable forecast Demand Avoiding forecast demand forecast errors errors Avoiding Production demand forecasterrors Production forecast Hot reserve evaluation Increasing Uncertainties Dispatching manageable generation Hot reserve evaluation Dispatching manageable generation Increasing reserves Reducing RE Reducing COUNTERACT System RENEWABLE Security VARIABILITY COUNTERACT RENEWABLE VARIABILITY

16 Wind Forecast Available to the CECRE REE has an internal forecast of all wind parks: SIPREÓLICO Total hourly forecast for next 10 days (update 1 hour). Hourly forecasts for next 48 hours by region or transmission system node (update 15 min.) :00 SIPREÓLICO Real Production Market program Wind Production in MW :00 1:00 2:00 3:00 4:00 5:00 6:00 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 Time 09/02/ :00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 0:00 SIPREÓLICO Real Production Market program

17 Pillars to Sucess: Grid Development and Existing Assets Improvement Influence of renewable energy integration in power flows November 3 rd November 6 th November 7 th Heavy flows from the North West to the center and East. Low hydro and CC. Heavy flows from the East to the center and North. Low hydro and CC. Heavy flows from the East and South-West to the center and South. High hydro and CC. Coping with power flows extraordinarily dependent on the weather conditions has fostered: The development of the transmission network: refitting / building new facilities. The improvement of the existing assets, through R&D projects (FACT, RTTR, Storage ).

18 Pillars to Success: Flexibility: Control Services and Renewables

19 Control Services: Last Results Inside the framework of the Demo 1 of the TWENTIES project Demos: 1.1. Voltage Control/Reactive power regulation 1.2. Active power regulation Main objective: On-site test of system control services provided by wind generation, based on new operation strategies using improved systems, devices and tools. Arcos tajo Hueneja Total Participating Total % 35% 37% 48% 41%

20 Voltage Control: RES Generation Voltage control

21 Control Services: Conclusions Wind farms are able to: Cost: Work coordinately in order to control the voltage in the point of common coupling in the transmission grid, by means of a coordinated control with the SO. They can manage the voltage profile in a 400 kv corridor. Control their active power output in real time and in a coordinated way, complying the secondary frequency regulation requirements (PSR) given by the SO. The additional technology that was used to provide this services have a low cost (lost of profit aside), because the innovation lies in the development of new control algorithms and the deployment of more powerful communication. According to the analysis of the forecast system, the more wind farms are grouped and the shorter the forecast period is, the smaller is the amount of energy that has to be spilled. Active power control: Conditions for a high economic impact: Systems in which up and down reserve constraints highly condition the resulting generation scheduling. High share of technologies that do not provide active power control (nuclear, other RES). Low share of flexible generating sources, such as pumped storage hydro plants.

22 Thanks for your attention