Competence in turbidity, solids and sludge level measurement

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1 Competence in turbidity, solids and sludge level measurement Cost-saving solutions for control, monitoring and quality assurance

2 Liquid analysis solutions Endress+Hauser is a global provider of solutions for process automation. For production and logistics, the company develops sensors and systems which retrieve, transmit and process information from the processes. Future-oriented services, and products excelling both in terms of price and performance, support the competitiveness of clients thanks to the highest degree of quality, safety and efficiency. Endress+Hauser has been a specialist in analysis measuring technology for the environment and process industry for over 30 years. The extraordinarily high number of research and development resources guarantees the efficiency, performance and high quality of the products. The latest technology for safe processes can be made permanently available to the user. By mastering all technically demanding processing steps, in conjunction with a high degree of automation in almost every production area, Endress+Hauser has achieved a great vertical range of production. As a result, the client receives high and constant product quality as well as excellent delivery reliability for all standard products and for individual products tailored to suit special applications. Measuring technology from Endress+Hauser stands for reliable measured values, a high degree of availability and long operating times. Competence in turbidity, solids and sludge level measurement The focus is on solutions for the water and wastewater sectors. Here, it does not matter whether the turbidity is being measured in the waterworks downstream of a sand filter in the limit range of the optical measuring technology or whether the solids content is being measured in thickened sewage sludge which can almost no longer be pumped Endress+Hauser's sensors cover a wide range of applications. So with the 90 scattered light measurement method in conformity with DIN/ISO, Endress+Hauser is offering you a universal sensor system suitable for the most common applications. The product portfolio is extended with sensors based on the 4-beam alternating light method, working with absorption, 90 scattered light or backscattered light, depending on the measuring range. These optical sensors are also used for sludge level measurement. As an alternative, ultrasonic methods can also be used here to determine the height of the sediment in a basin or tank by measuring the time-of-flight of the ultrasonic signal. 2

3 Research and development pay off Numerous awards for innovation are proof of the tradition of research and development at Endress+Hauser. This R&D goes back a long time in turbidity and solids measurement. In addition to ph and conductivity, turbidity has become the third largest parameter in analysis measuring technology and continues to grow. The success story all began with the CUS1, CUS3 and CUS4 sensors which are continued and developed further in the 2nd generation as CUS31 and CUS41. But the sensor technology is not the only thing that is state of the art; the fully automatic calibration stand to DIN/ISO which all sensors have to pass through after manufacture sets standards worldwide. Flexible measuring point concept Thanks to their design, turbidity and solids sensors from Endress+Hauser are suitable for installation in pipes or tanks as well as for immersion applications at basins or channels. A wide range of assemblies place the sensor safely in the process, be it with the CYY105 immersion tube, the CUA250 flow assembly or the CUA451 ball valve retractable assembly. The Liquisys M CUM2x3 transmitter is available as panel or field housing. The transparent operating concept corresponds to the Liquisys transmitters for the parameters oxygen, chlorine, ph or conductivity. 3

4 Turbidity measurement in drinking water Turbidity measurement in the drinking water sector is an important parameter for quality. The legislation in almost every country in the world stipulates a limit value for this turbidity which may not be exceeded. As a sum parameter for all undissolved materials present, turbidity describes a visually detectable feature for the consumer. All the necessary steps involved in drinking water treatment can be monitored and controlled by turbidity measurement. DIN/ISO 7027 At an angle of 90, the CUS31 turbidity sensor measures the light scattered by particles present in the water. The optical arrangement corresponds to the standard specified in the DIN/ISO 7027 relevant to turbidity measurement. CUY22 check unit CUS31/41 sensors are supplied with a long-term stable factory calibration. The CUY22 check unit is used to verify the calibration from time to time. Its black plastic body functions as light trap creating definite conditions when it is placed on the sensor head. CUS31 sensor with CUY22 check unit 4

5 Working principle Liquisys M CUM223/253 transmitter Modes of operation: FNU, NTU, %, g/l, mg/l, ppm Two-line display with measured value and temperature display Optionally with 2/4 contacts (limit contacts, P(ID) controller, timer) Optionally with Profibus PA or HART CUS31 turbidity sensor As a highly sensitive resolution of FNU is used for measuring in drinking water in the fine turbidity range, the assembly used plays a crucial role. It must create defined environmental conditions for the sensor to prevent disturbing effects such as air bubbles and wall reflection. Two different assemblies are available for this purpose and can be ordered with the sensor. The S-assembly has a patented gas bubble trap. However, if no air bubbles are present in the fluid, the cheaper Eassembly can be used. As an additional option, CUS31 can be supplied with a wiper to protect against the formation of biofilms or other layers such as manganese, iron or lime deposits on the optics. The CUS31 is calibrated at the factory to DIN/ISO 7027 and delivered as such and can be put into operation immediately. The calibration is stable over a long term and is stored in such a way that it is protected from overwriting. In every operating mode, two additional data records are available which can be edited by customers if they want customised calibration. The CUY22 check unit is used to check the sensor. Patented gas bubble trap Working principle of turbidity measurement based on the scattered light method Turbidity particles scatter the infrared light emitted which is then received by two photo receivers. A reference LED compensates fluctuations of intensity of the light source. 5

6 Turbidity and solids measurement in wastewater In the area of wastewater, turbidity and solids measurement are used in a wide variety of applications. From primary sludge removal and sludge dewatering to activated sludge basins and sewage treatment plant outlets, turbidity and solids sensors help monitor and control the processes. In industry too, they also monitor the dirt loads passed into the drain channels. Sewage treatment plant inlet Solids CUM223/253 CUS41 CUA451 Sludge level CUM750 CUS70 Primary clarification Solids CUM740 CUS65-A CYY105 Sludge activation Solids CUM223/253 CUS41 CUA451 Sludge level CUC101 Secondary clarification Outlet Sludge level CUM750 CUS70 Thickener Turbidity CUM223/253 CUS41-W CYY105 Solids CUM223/253 CUS41 CUA451 Sludge level CUM750 CUS70 Thickener Solids CUM223/253 CUS41 CUA451 Dewatering Disposal CUS41 turbidity and solids sensor With a measuring range of 0.00 to 9999 FNU or 0.0 to 300 g/l suitable for all applications, the CUS41 is a universal sensor for sewage treatment plants and for the industrial sector. Like the CUS31, it measures at a 90 scattered light angle using infrared light. The wavelength of 860 nm used means that the sensor is insensitive to the effects of colour or dye from the fluid. For turbidity measurement, the CUS41 is calibrated at the factory in conformity with DIN/ISO 7027 and can be used immediately. However, if the client wants to perform solids measurement in g/l or %, a simple menu-guided 3-point calibration is available which clients can use to adapt the sensor to their fluids. CUS65 turbidity and solids sensor The CUS65 sensor works using the 4-beam alternating light method. The advantage of this method is the fact that it is not sensitive to any of the aeration systems used in sewage treatment which can affect the accuracy of the sensor. Similarly, contamination of the optics and ageing of the two light sources is automatically compensated by the measuring principle. The sensor body is made of stainless steel. As a result, no electric charges can lead to material becoming attached to the sensor surface even if used in flocculation processes. Various sensor heads are available depending on the measuring range required. Working principle 4-beam alternating light method The two LEDs in the sensor head alternately transmit a short light pulse. The light intensity is weakened by particles in the medium. The remaining light is detected at the two photo diodes. These measured light intensities are converted into proportional frequencies. This method compensates wearing of the light sources and soiling of optical components. 6

7 CUR4 spray head For cleaning CUS31/CUS41 Can be used with immersion assemblies in open channels or basins Can be easily fitted on the sensor body Liquisys M CUM223/253 transmitter For CUS31/CUS41 Modes of operation: FNU, NTU, %, g/l, mg/l, ppm Two-line display with measured value and temperature display Optionally with 2/4 contacts (limit contacts, P(ID) controller, timer) Optionally with Profibus PA or HART CUM740 transmitter For CUS65 Modes of operation: %, g/l, mg/l, ppm, FNU, NTU Four contacts (sensor rinsing, error message, 2 can be freely configured) One or two channel version CUA250 Flowfit flow assembly For CUS31/CUS41 For industrial water and sewage water with turbidity > 1 FNU Can be retrofitted with CUR3 spray head CUA120 flange adapter For CUS31/CUS41 For securely installing sensors in tanks and pipes CUA451 Cleanfit ball valve retractable assembly Safe up to 10 bar, can be operated manually up to 2 bar Sensor inspection and cleaning without interrupting the process Rinse water connection or external cleaning system Ü Cleaning possible in every operating position Rinse water connection can also be used as sealing water unit Robust stainless steel version Wall retainer for immersion tubes For mounting CYY105 or CYA611 Can also be secured to railings with counter bar ( ) Immersion tube with securing slots can be removed in one go CYY105 Dipfit immersion tube Robust stainless steel version For open basins and channels G1 threaded connection Sensor orientation to suit installation conditions (straight, 45 or 90 angle) 2 m and 3.5 m Welding rinse socket DN 65 complete ( ) For automatically cleaning CUS31/CUS41 in the process Can be installed in pipes or tanks To be used in conjunction with CUA451 CYA611 Dipfit immersion tube Immersion assembly in PVC version For open basins and channels Retrofittable spray cleaning for attaching ( ) Length 1630 mm CYH101 universal suspended assembly retainer Stainless steel column for securing transmitter and immersion tube Incl. CYY101 weather protection cover Fixed and oscillating method of securing immersion tube 7

8 Turbidity and solids measurement in the primary sector In the concrete industry, the residual water of a plant as well as the rinse and surface water are recycled for concrete manufacture. Since this water contains a constantly changing proportion of cement, the plant operator has to constantly adjust the recipe of the new aggregate. The plant operator determines the apparent density of the water with the aid of the CUS41 solids sensor. Washing processes in the sand and gravel industry can also be monitored with this sensor. Since the washing water is circulated, flocculants are used for rapid sludge sedimentation. The CUS41 determines the correct dosing depending on the solids content. It also monitors the sedimentation process at the clarified water outlet. 8

9 Liquisys M CUM223/253 transmitter For CUS31/CUS41 Modes of operation: FNU, NTU, %, g/l, mg/l, ppm, kg/l, t/m 3 Application-specific concentration table can be programmed Two-line display with measured value and temperature display Optionally with 2/4 contacts (limit contacts, P(ID) controller, timer) Optionally with Profibus PA or HART CUA451 Cleanfit ball valve retractable assembly Safe up to 10 bar, can be operated manually up to 2 bar Sensor inspection and cleaning without interrupting the process Rinse water connection or external cleaning system Ü Cleaning possible in every operating position Rinse water connection can also be used as sealing water unit Robust stainless steel version CUS41 turbidity and solids sensor Large measuring range g/l Scratch-proof sapphire window Simple 3-point calibration Wiper cleaning integrated or can be retrofitted CUR4 spray head For cleaning CUS31/CUS41 Can be used with immersion assemblies in open channels or basins Can be easily fitted on the sensor body Wall retainer for immersion tubes For mounting CYY105 or CYA611 Can also be secured to railings with counter bar ( ) Immersion tube with securing slots can be removed in one go CYY105 Dipfit immersion tube Robust stainless steel version For open basins and channels G1 threaded connection Sensor orientation to suit installation conditions (straight, 45 or 90 angle) 2 m and 3.5 m 9

10 Sludge level measurement Endress+Hauser offers optoelectronic and ultrasonic measuring systems for sludge level measurement. In many processes in process engineering, suspensions are split into their solid and liquid parts by means of sedimentation. Water or dilute sludge is prevented from entering the thickener and digester by installing sludge level measurement in the sludge funnels of the primary clarification and secondary clarification basins. This has a positive effect on the gas yield and on the hydraulic load of the sludge treatment. Controlled sludge removal from the thickeners allows optimised operation of downstream sludge dewatering, e.g. using centrifuges. Continuous sludge profile measurement in the secondary clarification basins controls exact secondary sludge and return sludge removal. In addition, imminent sludge discharge is also detected at an early stage. Applications: Wastewater clarification Water treatment Mining Chemicals industry CUC101 Optoelectronic sludge profile measurement in secondary clarification Optoelectronic measuring system for sludge level and sludge concentration CUC101 Optoelectronic measuring system Use in secondary clarification and flotation plants Direct, continuous concentration measurement by means of immersion probe Parallel concentration and height measurement for sludge profile analysis Easy configuration, calibration and setting by means of menu-guided user interface Illuminated display Probe safety position with measured value hold functions if scraper in use Probe with four beam alternating light technology 10

11 CUM750 CUS70 Ultrasonic measuring system for sludge level Ultrasonic sludge level measurement in thickener CUM750 ultrasonic transmitter Use in primary clarification and thickeners Multi-channel versions for parallel measurement in up to four basins Simple configuration, calibration and setting using menu-guided user interface Illuminated multi-function monitor for graphic and numeric display CUS70 ultrasonic sensor Sensor range at small emitting angle up to 100 m No moving parts Insensitive to floating sludge Minimum effort required for installation 11

12 Sensor selection aid Sectors CUS31 CUS41 CUS65-A CUS65-B CUS65-C CUS65-D CUS65-E Drinking water Industrial water Wastewater Sludge activation Secondary clarification Primary sludge Return sludge Digested sludge Outlet Concrete residual water Gravel washing water Sewage water Recommended Clarify measuring range and application conditions Selection aid for sludge level measuring systems System Application Properties CUC101 Optoelectronic measurement Fibre-free media: Activated sludge Mineral suspensions and particles Detects also diffuse sludge level zones Continuous concentration measurement Sludge profile recording Applicable up to a basin depth of 11 metres CUM750/CUS70 Ultrasonic measurement Media containing fibres and coarse particles: Primary/raw sludge Floating sludge Sharply defined separation zone Insensitive to soiling Up to four sensors per transmitter Applicable up to a basin depth of 100 metres 12

13 Technical features Specification CUS31 CUS41 CUS65-A CUS65-B CUS65-C CUS65-D CUS65-E Optical process 90 scattered light 90 scattered light Transmitted light Transmitted light Transmitted light 90 scattered light 180 scattered light Optical design 1T / 2R 1T / 2R 4-beam AL 4-beam AL 4-beam AL 4-beam AL 4-beam AL Wavelength 880 nm 880 nm 880 nm 880 nm 880 nm 880 nm 880 nm In conformity with DIN/ISO7027 Modes of operation FNU, NTU, ppm, mg/l, g/l, % FNU, NTU, ppm, mg/l, g/l, %, kg/l, t/m3 ppm,mg/l, g/l, % g/l, % g/l, % FNU, NTU, ppm, mg/l g/l, % FNU, NTU measuring range g/l measuring range ppm, mg/l measuring range * * * * Transmitter CUM223/253 CUM223/253 CUM740 CUM740 CUM740 CUM740 CUM740 With sensors CUS65-A, CUS65-B and CUS65-C, the measuring range data refer to activated sludge. This value can be reduced by % in other fluids such as primary sludge, for example. * Referred to SiO 2 1T / 2R = 1 transmitter / 2 receivers 4-beam AL = 4-beam alternating light 13

14 Supplementary documentation Technical Information TI 176C Turbimax W CUS TI 177C Turbimax W CUS41/CUS41-W TI 370C Turbimax W CUS TI 200C Liquisys M CUM223/ TI 232C CUM TI 369C Cleanfit CUA TI 166C Dipfit W CYA TI 092C CYH TI 046C Chemoclean CYR10/CYR TI 160C CUC TI 225C CUM750/CUS KA 226 CUY Instruments International 03.04/MSC Endress+Hauser GmbH+Co. KG Instruments International P.O. Box Weil am Rhein Germany Tel Fax info@ii.endress.com FA 033C/07/en/ DT/INDD 2.0