Sustainable Use of Hydropower in a Drinking Water System - Pittsfield, MA

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1 Sustainable Use of Hydropower in a Drinking Water System - Pittsfield, MA Christian A. Murphy Wakefield MA, Electrical Engineering Dept. AECOM Water christian.murphy@aecom.com Contributors: Doug Gove, PE, Project Manager, AECOM Bruce Collingwood, PE, Director of Public Works & Utilities, Pittsfield, MA September 29, 2010

2 City of Pittsfield, Massachusetts ~41,000 Residents Page 2 ~21,000 Housing Units 42.3 Square Miles Located in Berkshire Mountains Redeveloping as a cultural Center

3 Pittsfield Water System Partial Schematic Reservoir Gatehouse Page 3 Water Treatment Plant Full Surface: 1,440 ft Water Delivery System Static: DH = 188 ft (81 PSI) Actual: DH ~ MGD 1,393 ft 18 Diameter Pipe Flow Control Station HGL Elevation: 1,205 ft 18 Diameter Pipe All measurements in ft represent elevation above sea level. 930 ft

4 Purpose of Hydro Turbine Generator Page 4 Flowing Water Kinetic Energy Hydro Turbine Generator Electricity

5 Hydro Turbine Generator System Page 5 Example Hydro Turbine Generator Not actual unit to be installed

6 Power in the Water Page 6 P = η ρ g Q H P = Power in W h = Hydraulic efficiency of the turbine r = Density of water 1000 kg/m 3 g = acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s 2 )

7 Power in the Water Page 7 P Q H P = Power in W Q = Flow in m 3 /s DH = Differential Head (pressure) across the turbine in m

8 Flow (MGD) Year Station Flow Data Page 8 Coltsville Flow Jan-06 Apr-06 Jul-06 Oct-06 Jan-07 Date Average Lower Upper

9 Power Production, kw Turbine & Bypass Flow, mgd Operating Range of HTG Facility rating: 62 kw Page Total Coltsville FCS Flow, mgd Power Production Flow through Turbine Bypass Flow Total Coltsville FCS Flow

10 Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Page 10 FERC has regulatory power over all non-federal hydroelectric projects in the country All projects have to apply for a license or an exemption. This project falls under the manmade conduit exemption Not Federal land In a manmade conduit <15 MW in general or <40 MW for municipal or state owned and operated projects for water supply.

11 Hydro Turbine Interested Parties Page 11 National Marine Fisheries Service MA Department of Fish and Game National Park Service FERC MA Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs MA Division of Fisheries and Wildlife US Army Corps of Engineers US Fish and Wildlife Service EPA New England Mass DEP

12 Hydro Turbine Generator System Page 12 Hydro Turbine: A pump run backwards Generator: An induction motor run backwards Example Hydro Turbine Generator Not actual unit to be installed

13 Hydro Turbine Generator Control Panel AKA The File Cabinet Page 13 Monitors the HTG for Vibrations Overheating Contains utility grade relay Monitors The grid The hydro turbine system Disconnects the hydro turbine generator from the electrical grid if it detects an anomaly

14 Electrical Utility Connection Page 14 Power from utility - Straight forward Power to utility - Requires interconnection request Some data required on interconnection request

15 Show Me the Money Page 15 Flow and pressure data so can estimate electricity generated Yearly Electricity Generated 350 MWh Electricity rate for facility without green communities act: Average Monthly ISO-NE Clearing Rate: ~0.035 $/KWh Electricity rate with green communities act: A little less than retail rate: <0.15 $/kwh Hydro power excluded even low impact Renewable Energy Certificates (REC): ~$30-40/MWh Low-Impact Hydro Revenue Total: ~$25,000/yr At the Clearing Rate revenue of about $12,250 per year REC About: $12,250 per year at $35/MWh

16 The Client Page 16

17 Current Status of Project Page 17

18 What to Remember Page 18 This resource may be available in systems you work with Outfalls Existing Pressure Reducing Valves Existing Dams Manmade Conduit Exemption from FERC Figure out what happens to electricity generated Best if used by facility Utility may require upgrades to their systems Get a clear understanding of rate for electricity sold to grid