Stormossen Oy. Biomethane Production Overview of Available Technologies Leif Åkers

Transcription

1 Stormossen Oy Biomethane Production Overview of Available Technologies Leif Åkers

2 Agenda Introduktion Description of the available upgrading technologies Comparison betwee the different technologies Concluding remarks

3 Biogas in Europe Biogas plants in 31 European countries Source: EBA

4 300 Nm³/h, 65% CH4 Sludge Bio-waste Raw-biogas storage (1040 Nm³) Upgrading Public filling station 200 Nm³/h 97% CH4 Slow-filling station for buses Compressor station LNG-backup, 80 m³ (33,4 ton) Filling station for portable gas-chamber containers High pressure storage three-sectional chamber system, 8m³

5 Comparison of the composition of biogas, biomethane and natural gas Component Biogas Biomethane Natural gas Content Methane % 94-99,99 % % Carbon Dioxide % 0,1-4 % 1 % Nitrogen < 3 % < 3 % 1 % Oxygen < 2 % < 1 % - Hydrogen Traces Traces - Hydrogen Sulfide < 10 ppm < 10 ppm - Ammonia Traces Traces - Ethane - - < 3 % Propane - - < 2 % Siloxanes Traces - -

6 Biomethane in Europen countries Biomethane plants in 15 Eurpean countries Source: EBA

7 Biomethane plants in Europe % % % % Existing plants New plants Source: EBA

8 Biogas upgrading technologies Technology Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) Waterscrubber Chemicalabsorption - aminescrubber Physical absorptionsolution using Seloxol, Rectisol, Purisol Membraneseparation Cryogenicseparation Process CO 2 adsoption under pressure on activated carbon Dissolution of CO 2 in water under high pressure The chemical reaction of CO 2 with MEA (monoethanoleamine) Dissolution of CO 2 in solvent under high pressure Different molecules of the gas permeation rate Conditions of aggregation, depending on the temperature The concentration of methane after the process Methane losses > 96 % 2-4 % > 96 % 1-3 % > 99 % < 0,1 % > 96 % about 2 % > 95 % about 2 % > 99 % -

9 Proportion of upgrading technologies in Europe 1% 7% 8% 41% 25% 18% Water scrubber PSA Chemical Absorption Membrane Physical Absorption Cryogenic Separation Source: EBA

10 Process diagram for upgrading biogas with an PSA Source: SGC

11 Schematics of the four phases in the Skarstrom cycle and a pressure profile of the cycle.(rege et al 2001) Source: SGC

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13 Specific investment cost for PSA upgrading units Source: SGC

14 Process diagram for upgrading biogas with water scrubber. Source: SGC

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16 A water schrubber for biogas upgrading. Image from Malmberg Water

17 Specific investment cost for water scrubbers without optional equipment Source: SGC

18 Process flow diagram of an amine schrubber for biogas upgrading Source: SGC

19 An amine scrubber used for biogas upgrading. Image from Purac Puregas

20 Image from Ammongas at Stormossen

21 Specific investment cost for amine scrubbing upgrading units Source: SGC

22 Process diagram of a typical organical scrubbing process. Source: SGC

23 An organic physical scrubber. Image from Haase Energietechnik

24 Specific investment cost for organic physical scrubbers for biogas upgrading, including RTO and biomerhane dryer. Source: SGC

25 Process diagram for upgrading biogas with membranes Source: SGC

26 Illustration showing the separation involved during upgrading of biogas with membranes. (Image from Air Liquide)

27 Hollow fibre membrane from Evonik Sepuran

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31 Specific investment cost of membrane based upgrading units Source: SGC

32 Boiling (condensation) point at atmospheric pressure for some pure gases.

33 The energy demand of the different biogas upgrading technologies. Source: SGC

34 The specific investment cost as a function of raw biogas throughput. Source: SGC

35 KIITOS / TACK Leif Åkers Ab Stormossen Oy Leif.akers@stormossen.fi +358 (0) Leif Åkers leif.akers@stormossen.fi tel