Full-Scale Outdoor Test Facility The Cube. Olena K. Larsen Aalborg University Denmark Tel.:

Transcription

1 Full-Scale Outdoor Test Facility The Cube Olena K. Larsen Aalborg University Denmark Tel.:

2 Content The purpose of The Cube Evolution of the Cube IEA ECBCS ANNEX 43/SHC Task 34 Testing and Validation of Building Energy Simulation Tools, SubtaskE: Double-Skin Façade Boundary conditions Measurement of temperature Future perspective 2

3 Outdoor test facility, The Cube In 2006 Open flat country Windows facing South N, 10.0 E 3

4 The Cube IEA ECBCS ANNEX 43/SHC Task 34 Testing and Validation of Building Energy Simulation Tools, Subtask E: Double-Skin Façade (Kalyanova et al. 2009). The aim was to gather the experimental data of DSF performance Naturally and mechanically ventilated cavity Application of various shading devices, reflective screens, etc. 4

5 The Cube Flexible facade construction with the possibility of replacement Dimensions: 6m x 6m x 6m for more accurate estimation of wind pressure coefficients INSTRUMENT ROOM ENGINE ROOM EXPERIMENT ROOM DSF - Measurements in real conditions can t be repeated - Complete energy balance was difficult to establish 5

6 The Cube Intelligent glazed facades (Winther FV, 2013) Dynamic control of: Heat transfer Irradiance Energy storage Mass transport Using such technologies as shutters, external solar shading, hybrid ventilation solution, phase change material, concrete, etc. Façade 1: unintelligent facade Façade 2: intelligent façade 6

7 The Cube to present Performance assessment of radiant walls and chilled beams in dynamic conditions with solar exposure (Le Dreau et al. 2015) Investigation of thermal and visual comfort for different control strategies of solar shading, performance characterisation of different solar shading devices (Karlsen et al. 2015) Le Dreau 28th October et al. (2015) 7

8 Evolution of The Cube 2006 to present Twin zone for dynamic control experiments Guarded zone 83 subsurfaces with thermopiles for heatflux estimation NB: These are only the changes that involve reconstruction of the test facility Le Dreau et al. (2015) 8

9 Empirical Validation of Building Simulation Software IEA ECBCS ANNEX 43/SHC Task 34 Efficient feedback from comparative exercises Empirical validation Historically, validation exercises are performed for comparatively simple configurations The Cube experimental set-up was estimated as highly complex None of the models appeared to be consistent enough when comparing results of simulations with the experimental data 9

10 The Cube in process Well insulated 400mm of insulation Air tight (0.2 l/s per m 2 at 50 Pa) Tested in all zones and several times during construction Carpet in front of the southern façade Known spectral properties of glazing and the surfaces 10

11 Weather Outdoor air temperature Relative humidity Total solar radiation Vertical and horisontal Diffuse solar radiation Wind speed Wind direction Wind profile Estimated Cp-values 11

12 Internal boundary conditions In 2006 Systems: - Ventilation (piston flow) INSTRUMENT ROOM ENGINE ROOM - Water based cooling coil - min temperatre to avoid condensation - Size of the cooling coil EXPERIMENT ROOM - Running at DSF constant flow - El. based heating coil 12

13 Internal boundary conditions In 2012 Six radiant panels, in total 3.6 m x 1.9 m (length x height) Active chilled beam combined with ventilation Variable water flow, but constant temperature difference Le Dreau et al. (2015) 13

14 Measurements of temperature Temperature [deg C] K KS KS+ST KS+ST+F KS+2ST+F :20:00 11:20:00 12:20:00 13:20:00 14:20:00 15:20:00 16:20:00 17:20:00 18:20:00 Time [h:min] 14

15 INSTRUMENT ROOM Instrument room ENGINE ROOM EXPERIMENT ROOM Very high thermal load! DSF All equipment requires stable tempeartures Air tightening along with wiring requires a lot of attention Need for space is underestimated Application of LabView for systems control and data collection 15

16 What can be discussed? Unrepeatable boundary conditions Incidence angle and periods with low solar radiation Natural ventilation is still an issue Frequency of data collection 16

17 Modified approach Using a complete chain of experiments to overcome the limitations and measurement uncertainties: Hotplate for material speciement (10cm x 10cm) Small hotbox (system element of 1.3m x 1.5m) Full-scale indoor test facility with an artificial sun (wall element of apx. 3.6x3.6 m) 17

18 Questions? Thank you! 18

19 Publications Larsen, OK, Heiselberg, P, Felsmann, C, Poirazis, H, Strachan, P & Wijsman, A 2009, 'An Empirical Validation of Building Simulation Software for Modelling of Double-Skin Facade (DSF)'. i PA Strachan, NJ Kelly & M Kummert (red), Building Simulation 2009 : University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, 27th-30th July: Proceedings of the 11th International Building Performance Simulation Association Conference. Energy Systems Research Unit : University of Strathclyde. Le Dreau, J, Heiselberg, P & Jensen, RL 2015, 'A full-scale experimental set-up for assessing the energy performance of radiant wall and active chilled beam for cooling buildings' Building Simulation, vol 8, nr. 1, s , /s Winther, FV 2013, Intelligent Glazed Facades: an experimental study. Ph.d.-afhandling, Department of Civil Engineering, Aalborg University, Aalborg. DCE Thesis, nr. 43 Karlsen, LR, Heiselberg, PK, Bryn, I & Johra, H 2015, 'Verification of simple illuminance based measures for indication of discomfort glare from windows' Building and Environment, vol 92, nr. October, s , /j.buildenv