Nutrient management in the Elbe basin - targets and measures -

Transcription

1 Nutrient management in the Elbe basin - targets and measures -

2 Outline Introduction Targets Measures Effectiveness Perspectives 2

3 Introduction: The Elbe Basin Size: km² Germany: 65.5 % Czech Republic: 37.7 % Austria: < % Poland: < % Population: Million Germany: 75.4 % Czech Republic: 24.3 % Austria: < 0.2 % Poland: < 0.2 % Land Use Arable area: 48 % Grassland: 3 % Forests: 27 % Other area: 2 % Water Management Issues Nutrients River continuity Priority substances 3

4 The Elbe approach Working group on Nutrients with three tasks define nutrient reduction targets develop nutrient reduction measures predict effect of measures Established in Winter 2006 Draft targets ready in February 2008 Consultation on national and international level Publication of draft RBMP in December 2008 Public consultation at the moment Publication of first RBMP plan in December

5 Targets Nutrient inputs into coastal, gelöstes anorganisches Stickstoff (µmol/l) (normiert auf Salzgehalt 30) Phosphat (µmol/l) (normiert auf Salzgehalt 30) transitional, standing and flowing water as well as groundwater are a major pressure inhibiting the achievement of goals defined Spezifische Gesamtstickstoffkonzentration (mg/m³) (Elbe und Weser) Spezifische Gesamtphosphatkonzentration (mg/m³) (Elbe und Weser) in the Water Framework Directive. Monitoring results show: Low nutrient input from Land to Sea leads to lower nutrient concentrations in coastal water bodies. Weigelt-Krenz et al Thus a reduction of nutrient inputs is necessary. The nutrient reduction target is determined from the ecological requirements of the biological quality elements. 5

6 Nutrient reduction target for river Elbe Coastal water bodies Boundary good - moderate Chlorophyll - a (µg l - ) Ecological required concentration reduction ~ 24 % Median 0%-90% Min-Max Ecological eutrophication indicator 6

7 The Elbe Approach - 8 % - 8 % - 8 % - 24 % Stand: Present state Management periods Target state 7

8 Development of Nutrient Loads Elbe N Load (.000 t N a - ) Nges Pges Nges normiert Pges normiert P Load (.000 t P a - ) Monitoring station Seemannshöft, MQ = 700 (Source: arge Elbe) Year 0 Annual reduction of flow-weighted loads by 2 3 % 8

9 Nitrogen emissions Elbe Obere und Mittlere Elbe Obere Moldau Beraun Untere Moldau Eger und Untere Elbe Mulde/Elbe/Schwarze Elster Saale Havel Mittlere Elbe/Elde Mittlere Elbe/Tideelbe Elbe gesamt ( x 0) Emissionen t N a - ) Emissions (.000 t N a - ) Koordinierungsräume Deposition Atmosphärische Deposition Surface Oberflächen run off Abfluss drainage Drainagen erosion Erosion Ground Grundwasser water Waste Kläranlagen water & Industrie Industry Urbane areas Systeme Sub units Source: UBA MONERIS

10 Phosphorus emissions Elbe,2 0,8 0,6 0,4 0,2 0 0 Obere und Mittlere Elbe Obere Moldau Beraun Untere Moldau Eger und Untere Elbe Mulde/Elbe/Schwarze Elster Saale Havel Mittlere Elbe/Elde Mittlere Elbe/Tideelbe Elbe gesamt ( x 0) Emissionen t P a - ) Emissions (.000 t P a - ) Koordinierungsräume Atmosphärische Deposition Deposition Surface Oberflächen run off Abfluss drainage Drainagen Erosion erosion Ground Grundwasser water Waste Kläranlagen water & Industrie Industry Urbane areas Systeme Sub units Quelle UBA MONERIS Source: UBA MONERIS

11 Nutrient reduction measures Basic measures Nitrate directive Waste water directive Additional measures Agri-environmental schemes Improved consulting for farmers Improved nutrient retention Regional priorities due to natural and socio-economical differences

12 Measures in the Elbe Basin Land / State Reduction of point sources Reduction of non-point sources Improving nutrient retention Waste Water Directive Improved Waste Water Treatment Optimized Waste Water Treatment plants Nitrate directive Agri-environmental schemes Buffer strips River restoration Wetland restoration CZ Brandenburg Berlin Bayern Hamburg Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Niedersachsen Sachsen Sachsen-Anhalt Thüringen : high importance; : medium importance 2

13 Effectiveness of Nutrient Reduction Measures Area: sub unit Tideelbe (3.9 % of Elbe Basin; /3 of S-H) Measure Factor kg ha - a - Area km 2 Load Reduction t a - Costs N P N P ( ) Improved Consultation on non-drained areas , Improved Consultation on drained areas , Consultation in groundwater protection areas , AES Cover Crops , AES buffer zones , AES manure management , Optimized waste water plants 2% 5% - 8 2, 0 Wetland restoration 00 2, River restoration (buffer strips, flooding) km 3, Forest establishment , New organic farming area New Nature Conservation Management 0 2 4, Sum Effect,9%,9% : measure support also aims set by other environme ntal policies 3

14 Expected Nutrient Reduction in Elbe Basin State / land CZ Brandenburg, Berlin Bayern Hamburg Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Niedersachsen Sachsen Sachsen-Anhalt Thüringen Nitrogen % t 5 ~ 320 0,8 ~ 47 3,5-7,5 ~ 95 0 ~ 85 9 ~ 400 2,7 ~ 270,9 ~ ~ ,9 ~ ~ 600 Phosphorus % t 7 ~ 50,5 ~ ~ 3 0 ~ 3 5 ~ 5 2,7 ~ 2,9 ~ 56-3 ~ 75 3,4 ~ 60 23,6 ~ 80 reference year 2006; Period for measures: ; Nutrient imissions; Date:

15 Expected Nutrient Reduction in Elbe Basin % - 9-4,7 % t - 6,5 % t - 6,6 % t - 9, % t N P 0 FGG FGE Expected nutrient load reduction at monitoring sta tion Seemanshöft until the end of the first management period. 5

16 Monitoring Effectiveness The effectiveness of the measures is evaluated with the monitoring program at national monitoring station Seemannshöft (Land / Sea) at transboundary monitoring station Schmilka (CZ / DE) at other monitoring stations (important Elbe tributaries) Additional monitoring on effects of measures 6

17 Perspectives and open questions From WFD we have a significant demand for nutrient reduction. We need European standards for the assessment of eutrophication in all water categories. We know that nutrient reduction goals can only be achieved with a step-wise approach until Measures for the first RBMP are formulated and their effects predicted, but which measures are effective in the coming plans and who is funding theses measures? What is missing: better cooperation between between DG ENV and AGRI measures for drained areas measures for nutrient retention better waste water and run off treatment in rural and urban areas 7

18 Thank you Questions? 8