FROM WASTE-VISION TO A RESOURCE PERSPECTIVE

Transcription

1 FROM WASTE-VISION TO A RESOURCE PERSPECTIVE Lansink s Ladder as a perfect start to develop a systems approach to resources Graham.Aid@RagnSells.com

2 Policies and legislation Conventional principles of waste management Events, trends, affecting management NOW Increasing consumption and waste Increasing environmental awareness From public health to environmental hygiene Incidents on soil and ground water pollution caused by landfilling Incidents on toxicological effects of incineration Incidents on waste exports Municipalities collect and dispose HHW Waste Management Plans (Little Impact at first) Awareness of GHG increases Awareness of Resource Criticality increases From environmental hygiene to managing resources and Multiple main goals: balance material cycles between economic development, resources, health, and environment Proximity principle and self-sufficiency principle Emerging conflicts with free trade Waste Hierarchy Principle Extended producer responsibility Precautionary principle Valorisation principle Largely Unchanged Largely Unchanged Regional/National Plans target setting for specific waste flows in terms of prevention, re-use, recycling, incineration and landfill Developed further by Aid, Lazarevic, Kihl 2016 from Buclet, N., Municipal waste management in Europe: European policy between harmonisation and subsidiarity., Kluwer Academic Pub, Dordech Landfilling Taxes Landfill Bans Resource Use/Efficiency Metrics

3 TRENDS IN RESOURCES AND ECONOMY SINCE 1980 Healthcare Food Housing Energy Wirtschafts University: materialflows.net Only about 27% of the 84 billion tons of resources entering the global economy today can be considered renewable. 3

4 HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENTS Increasingly complex products (elements and compounds) Realization of how hazardous some substances are over time Our ecosystem capacity is increasingly limited

5 EFFECTS OF A GROWING LINEAR ECONOMY Ineffective Resource Management Take, Make, Waste Climate Change Pollution Increasing Resource Scarcity Resource Conflicts Increasing Waste

6 6 A VISION HOW DO WE REALIZE THIS?

7 IN THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY WASTE MANAGEMENT IS A RESOURCE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT QUESTION 2.5 tons per capita yearly (SE) High ore grades Lower impact per functional unit 60 tons per capita yearly (SE) Plummeting ore grades Higher impact (waste, climate, energy) per functional unit

8 SYSTEMIC PROBLEMS REQUIRE SYSTEMATIC SOLUTIONS De facto replace virgin resources Decontaminate circular flows No debts or hindrances pushed to future generations

9 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES Non-Hazardous Resource Cycles Eco-Design Low contaminant levels in primary & secondary resources Safe landfilling/destruction of contaminants Strive for Functional Resource Cycles (maintain the resource capital value over very long periods) For example secondary alloys to new alloys - not down-function to rebar or road base Reconsider the function of incineration in renewable based futures to that of detox and enrichment facilities Take Longer Term Perspectives When it Comes to our Resource Capital Slow resource entropy - quit mixed landfilling and unnecessary spreading of critical resources Safely and separately stockpile secondary resources that we know are critical for the future

10 THE BEGINNING OF SOMETHING NEW Policy looking to maintain our resource capital Germany s upcoming requirements to return P to the bio-cycle EU list of critical raw materials (however effect is lagging) Circular Procurement Technologies working to maintain our resource capital while detoxifying Ash2 Phos Ash2 Salt Conversion of biowaste with the help of specialized insects

11 Policies and legislation Conventional principles of waste management Events, trends, affecting management NOW Increasing consumption and waste Increasing environmental awareness From public health to environmental hygiene Incidents on soil and ground water pollution caused by landfilling Incidents on toxicological effects of incineration Incidents on waste exports From environmental hygiene to managing resources and material cycles Awareness of GHG increases Awareness of Resource Criticality increases Multiple main goals: balance between economic development, health, and environment Municipalities collect and dispose HHW Largely Unchanged Waste Management Plans (Little Impact at first) Proximity principle and self-sufficiency principle Emerging conflicts with free trade Waste Hierarchy Principle Extended producer responsibility Precautionary principle Valorisation principle Largely Unchanged Regional/National Plans target setting for specific waste flows in terms of prevention, re-use, recycling, incineration and landfill Developed further by Aid, Lazarevic, Kihl 2016 from Buclet, N., Municipal waste management in Europe: European policy between harmonisation and subsidiarity., Kluwer Academic Pub, Dordech Landfilling Taxes Landfill Bans Resource Use/Efficiency Metrics