23 rd National Tanks Conference Petroleum Vapor Intrusion Session March 19, 2012 Matthew D. Young Cumberland Farms Inc.

Transcription

1 23 rd National Tanks Conference Petroleum Vapor Intrusion Session March 19, 2012 Matthew D. Young Cumberland Farms Inc. Gulf Oil LP

2 Table of Contents Purpose & Scope (2 minutes) The Tale of the Tape (3 minutes) Similarities & Differences Scope (3 minutes) Functional Elements (4 minutes) Technical (4 minutes) Future Work (1 minute) References

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4 The Purpose Vapor Intrusion is a rapidly developing field of science and policy 1 Large number of regulatory and technical guidance documents are being produced and revised as the field continues to develop. Not an Evaluation of Risk Standards or Requirements. Observations from the perspective of the regulated community. Evaluate the documents for consistency in scope, technical assumptions, and methodologies.

5 Navigating the regulations One Size Does Not Fit All, but... ST. LOUIS SEATTLE BOSTON SAN DIEGO TORONTO TAMPA BAY MIAMI NEW YORK (AL) CHICAGO (NL) KANSAS CITY HOUSTON MINNESOTA ARIZONA SAN FRANCISO COLORADO LOS ANGELES PHILADELPHIA ATLANTA DETROIT CINCINNATI

6 The Work Scope Evaluate State Regulatory Guidance for the New England States. Phase I of Larger Project to Incorporate the Entire United States. Why Start with New England? up.svg

7 Physical Comparison of the Documents

8 The Guidance Documents Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MassDEP) Interim Final Vapor Intrusion Guidance (WSC# ) December 2011 New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NHDES) Vapor Intrusion Guidance July 2006 updated July 5, 2011 with policy update addendum Maine Department of Environmental Protection (MEDEP) Bureau of Remediation Vapor Intrusion Evaluation Guidance January 13, 2010

9 The Guidance Documents Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (RIDEM): None (DRAFT Document: Recommended Methodology for the Evaluation of Indoor Air Results in Buildings with Potential Vapor Intrusion Issues February 2010 Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (CT DEEP): None Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (VTDEC): None (DRAFT Document: Appendix C of Investigation and Remediation of Contaminated Properties).

10 The Documents Guidance Documents Not Regulations. Regulations of Each State are Variable. Scope of Guidance Documents also Variable. Rapidly Changing with Science.

11 Number of Pages Document Page Count Guidance Document Massachusetts Maine New Hampshire Rhode Island (DRAFT) Vermont (DRAFT) ITRC EPA

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13 Scope Scope of Guidance Includes: Connecticut State Rhode New Island Vermont Maine Hampshire Massachusetts Written Guidance x x x x x Final Distributed Guidance x x x When VI Assessment Necessary x x x x x Stepped Approach to Assessment x x x x x x Sample Analyses, Timing, and Frequency x x x x x x Risk Standards x x x x x x Mitigation Approaches x x x Regulatory Framework Communication and Public Involvement Property Restrictions and Future Use x x x

14 Scope From a Regulated Party Perspective: Consistency. Scientific Support. Triggers to Complete a Vapor Intrusion Assessment. Criteria for an Acceptable Vapor Intrusion Assessment. Regulatory Approved End Point. While Maintaining Flexibility Due to Site Specific Conditions and Changes in Science.

15 Functional Elements Please Note These are Included for Illustrative Purpose Only. Please Consult the Applicable Regulatory and/or Guidance Documents for Environmental Assessment Triggers Purposes. for a Vapor Intrusion Assessment Triggers Distance From Receptor Petroleum VOCs Non-Petroleum VOCs Soil Groundwater NAPL Soil Groundwater NAPL Other? Connecticut Rhode Island Vermont From regulations: specify all VOCs Site Specific - Case Manager Still Draft Format: Consult Case Manager Maine New Hampshire near 30 near near 100 near Massachusetts Distances from receptor in feet Media also includes soil gas impacts Odors, site specific, & preferential pathways Odors, site specific, & preferential pathways

16 Functional Elements Soil Gas Sampling Sub-Slab (MA, NH) versus Near Slab (ME, VT, CT) Indoor Air Sampling Requirement to represent worst case scenario (heating season) and more than one round. Multiple Floors (represent living areas) and ambient air (background). Attempt to indentify and remove sources of background impact to indoor air. Encouraged to identify background to avoid false positives.

17 Technical Indoor Air Background Assessment Concerns Regarding False Positives. Utilize Studies to Determine Range of Contaminants and Background Concentrations Present Lacking Vapor Intrusion. Commonly Referenced Studies: MassDEP Typical Indoor Air Concentrations 2008 New York State Department of Health Study of Volatile Organic Chemicals in Air of Fuel Oil Heated Homes Revised November 2005 USEPA Building Assessment and Survey Evaluation (BASE) Database

18 Please Note These are Included for Illustrative Purpose Only. Please Consult the Applicable Regulatory and/or Guidance Documents for Environmental Assessment Purposes. Technical Benzene Indoor Air Action Concentrations Benzene (ug/m 3 ) State Residential Commercial Connecticut* Rhode Island Vermont Maine New Hampshire Massachusetts * 3.25/21.5 in current regulations Influences: Risk Calculation Multiple Contaminants Background Concentrations and Percentile Method Detection Limits

19 Technical Standards Methodology Transport of Vapors from Soil/Groundwater/Soil Gas to Indoor Air. Groundwater to Soil Gas: Johnson and Ettinger Model. Soil Gas to Indoor Air: Attenuation Factor. Start with Risk Determination for Indoor Air Standard. Work Backward to Determine Appropriate Soil Gas Concentration.

20 Technical Please Note These are Included for Illustrative Purpose Only. Please Consult the Applicable Regulatory and/or Guidance Documents for Environmental Assessment Purposes. Benzene Soil Gas Action Concentrations State Benzene (ug/m 3 ) Residential Commercial Connecticut* Rhode Island NA NA Vermont Maine New Hampshire Massachusetts ppmv in regulation, 1 and 113 in current regulations Influences: Indoor Air Action Values Attenuation Factors More Conservative Numbers Presented VT Shallow/Deep ME Multiple Contaminants

21 The Case in Maine Study completed by MEDEP in Collaboration with Cumberland Farms. Intent: Better Understanding of Risk of Vapor Intrusion and Tools/Methods to Assess. Document Recommendations Include Changes to 2010 Maine Vapor Intrusion Guidance: Groundwater Screening Levels Do Not Correlate with Risk. Possible Limited Influence of Preferential Pathways. Opportunity to work with other Regulatory Bodies in Similar Cooperative Studies.

22 Summary General Consistency of Process is Emerging in Region. Variances in Scope of Documents and Standards. PRP Perspective What Triggers Requirement for Investigation? What Constitutes a Satisfactory Investigation? What is the End Point for the State to be Satisfied that Human Health and the Environment are protected? Do the Current Documents Succeed?

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24 The Road Ahead Continue to Monitor and Update. Review Interpretation with Agencies. Cost Benefit Analysis. Proceed to next group of states (NY, PA, NJ, DE, MD, FL). Incorporate into GIS and Database. Written Summary

25 Number of Pages Document Page Count New Jersey Massachusetts Maine New Hampshire Rhode Island (DRAFT) Vermont (DRAFT) ITRC EPA

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27 Documents 1. Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Interim Final Vapor Intrusion Guidance (WSC# ) December 2011 Availability: 2. New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services Vapor Intrusion Guidance updated July 5, 2011 with policy update addendum Availability: rusion.pdf 3. Maine Department of Environmental Protection Bureau of Remediation Vapor Intrusion Evaluation Guidance January 13, Maine Department of Environmental Protection Summary Report State of Maine Vapor Intrusion Study for Petroleum Sites January 2012 Availability: 5. Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection Connecticut Remediation Standard Regulations January 1996

28 Documents 6. Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection Proposed Revisions to Connecticut s Remediation Standard Regulations Volatilization Criteria March 2003 Availability: 7. Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management (RIDEM): None (DRAFT Document: Recommended Methodology for the Evaluation of Indoor Air Results in Buildings with Potential Vapor Intrusion Issues February 2010 Availability: Contact Case Manager 8. Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (VTDEC): None (DRAFT Document: Appendix C of Investigation and Remediation of Contaminated Properties). Availability 9. Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council Vapor Intrusion Pathway: A Practical Guideline January 2007 Availability: United States Environmental Protection Agency OSWER Draft Guidance for Evaluating the Vapor Intrusion to Indoor Air Pathway from Groundwater and Soils (Subsurface Vapor Intrusion Guidance) November 2002 Availability:

29 Personal Communications Personal Communications with: Mr. Herb Woike LEP, LSP Groundwater Environmental Services (Windsor, CT) Ms. Sofia Kaczor CPG and Mr. Kevin Gillen of RIDEM

30 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to acknowledge the assistance and support of the following in preparing this presentation: Mr. Ray Leather, Mr. Chris Gill, Mr. Chris Johnson, Mr. Marty Hilfinger, Mr. Nathan Stevens, and Ms. Angela Pimental of Cumberland Farms Inc./Gulf Oil LP. Mr. Herb Woike LEP, LSP Groundwater Environmental Services (Windsor, CT) Ms. Sofia Kaczor CPG and Mr. Kevin Gillen of RIDEM