REALISEGRID. HVDC options for future long distance transmission in Europe

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1 REALISEGRID HVDC options for future long distance Sven Rüberg Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany Arturs Purvins Joint Research Center of the European Commission, Petten, The Netherlands Arnhem, 27th 30th September 2010

2 Outline 1. Existing long-distance HVDC transmission projects in operation throughout the world 2. Future trends of long-distance 3. Conclusions TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 2

3 1. Review of long-distance HVDC transmission projects Existing projects long distance : l > 500km 47.6 GW of installed power Additional 26.5 GW under construction in 2009 Main applications of existing projects Bulk-power transmission Interconnection between two asynchronous networks Main choice reasons for HVDC Lower transmission losses Environmental advantages Positive impact on power system stability TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 3

4 1. Review of long-distance HVDC transmission projects Main operational experience of long-distance HVDC transmission 94.3% the overall average energy availability in The energy availability tends to rise after the first 10 years of operation and remains relatively constant afterwards Forced outages in the first years of operation were prevented mainly by modifying the apparatus Scheduled energy unavailability increases for the facilities older than 20 years The quantity of forced bipolar line outages is relatively small if compared with monopolar faults TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 4

5 1. Review of long-distance HVDC transmission projects Specific features of the long-distance HVDC transmission Quebec-New England: multi-terminal HVDC transmission system The highest voltage 800 kv in China (in monopolar operation) Zhengping converter station in Three Gorges-Changzhou is exposed to very heavy industrial pollution Inga-Shaba project is composed of two monopolar lines (in contrast to one bipolar line) TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 5

6 2. Future trends of long-distance Green power balance/ European supergrid Kriegers Flak (Baltic Sea area) Mediterranean Energy Ring OffshoreGrid initiative TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 6

7 2. Future trends of long-distance Green power balance/ European supergrid Kriegers Flak (Baltic Sea area) Mediterranean Energy Ring OffshoreGrid initiative TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 7

8 2. Future trends of long-distance Green power balance/ European supergrid Kriegers Flak (Baltic Sea area) Mediterranean Energy Ring OffshoreGrid initiative TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 8

9 2. Future trends of long-distance Green power import DESERTEC: Solar thermal energy from Southern Europe, Middle East, and North Africa to the load centres around (including Europe) TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 9

10 2. Future trends of long-distance Point-to-point transmission TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 10

11 3. Conclusions Network expansion that enables for long-distance power transmission necessary within Europe GW from remote offshore wind farms need to be transmitted to the load centers HVDC is proven technology for long-distance bulk-power transmission and could be feasible option for the necessary network expansion REALISEGRID deliverable D142 provides technology roadmap Naturally, this construction of supergrids or transmission highways comes along with significant investments that make a cost-benefit analysis REALISEGRID deliverable D121 on technical-economic and strategic assessment of specific transmission projects is an important decision tool Still open questions for research: Meshed HVDC lines / grids? Hybrid (CSC/VSC) collector grids for offshore wind power? HVDC within a synchronized grid? Time horizon for the problems to be solved (5, 10, 20 years)? TREN/FP7/EN/219123/REALISEGRID 11