Implementation steps and composting technologies. October 31, 2018 First Nations of Quebec Waste Management Symposium

Transcription

1 Implementation steps and composting technologies October 31, 2018 First Nations of Quebec Waste Management Symposium

2 Presentation outline 1. Introduction 2. Implementation steps: Preparatory Study 3. Implementation steps: Implementation 4. Implementation steps: Operation 5. Implementation steps: Harvesting and Distribution

3 Introduction Composting

4 1.1 WHAT IS COMPOSTING? Composting: A biological decomposition process in which organic matter such as food waste, leaves and garden waste are transformed into a very nutrient rich soil: compost, a natural fertilizer.

5 1.2 HOW DOES IT WORK? The perfect recipe for organic matter: One part of green materials (food) Two parts of brown materials (dead leaves, branches) Important conditions to respect: Oxygen (O2) Moisture content Temperature (T C) Compost, an excellent fertilizer Microorganisms, insects and fungi decompose ( digest ) organic matter

6 1.3 WHY COMPOST? 40% For the environment: Decreases the amount of waste produced and buried Reduces the negative effects of organic materials that have been disposed of (GHG production, leachates, odours) Improves soil fertility For the wallet: Reduces management fees for landfill (Band Council) MORE THAN 40% OF OUR WASTE IS COMPOSTABLE! For the community: Responsibility for waste management Compost distribution for members (e.g., community garden) Extends the life of landfills

7 Implementation steps Preparatory study

8 STEP 1: Probe the interest of the population CHALLENGE: Ensuring social acceptability 2. PREPARATORY STUDY Evaluate the needs and specific context of the community to create a system that is well adapted to the community. Ready to compost? Yes No. If not why? How? Curbside collection Collection points Residential composting Is there a desire to harvest the compost produced? Yes No Do not know

9 2. PREPARATORY STUDY STEP 2: Evaluate the quantity and nature of the organic matter produced CHALLENGE: Ensuring the efficiency of the future composting system Characterization of waste and projection over the next few years

10 2. PREPARATORY STUDY STEP 3: Evaluate the composting methods CHALLENGE: Take into account all the characteristics of the community Quantity and nature of the organic matter to be treated and their variability Potential composting sites Location (proximity to residences, rivers and streams, etc.) Area and expansion capacity Physical and social characteristics of the site Available human, financial and material resources Closed system Closed thermophilic Windrow / stacking Community / domestic

11 2. PREPARATORY STUDY STEP 4: Plan the collection and operation CHALLENGE: Harmonize collecting, the composting method and the characteristics of the community Choice of equipment Composting facility Truck Bins Organization of logistics Method and frequency of collection Type of containers for the material Material accepted or refused Employee management Cost evaluation

12 2. PIKOGAN PREPARATORY STUDY Location Same location as the ecocentre Watercourse nearby Away from residences Inside a shed Quantity 34% of estimated organic matter ~ 150T of waste per year 50T of organic matter per year Resources Human: 1 attendant Material: No equipment Financial: Grant application to Indigenous Services Canada

13 2. PIKOGAN PREPARATORY STUDY Choice of method Thermophilic composter Selection criteria Simplicity of management Large variety of accepted materials No seasonal variation Speed of the process Accompaniment Continuous training and support service Control of nuisances Odours Leachates

14 2. PIKOGAN PREPARATORY STUDY Choice of equipment The supplier based on price, processing time, accepted materials, capacities, etc. The model according to flexibility in terms of quantity of treated materials Collection 3 sectors to promote a contribution of 3x week, every week Pails and countertop bins Pick-up Table 1: Duration of treatment in days according to composter models and participation rate Rate of participation Annual quantity (t/yr) Model 1 (days) Model 2 (days) 25% % Model 3 (days) 75% %

15 Implementation steps Implementation

16 3. IMPLEMENTATION How can the implementation be promoted? A process that needs time for adapting! Communicate with and raise awareness of community members Activities and awareness tools Écopatrouille Participation of key actors

17 3. IMPLEMENTATION How can the implementation be promoted? Provide the necessary material for composting, the Starter Kit Collect organic matter more frequently than waste (optional) Have staff that has the expertise and time to manage the implementation Introduce monetary or regulatory incentives (optional)

18 3. IMPLEMENTATION PIKOGAN Communication and awareness Two information sessions Awareness in primary school Open house for visiting facilities and purchasing pails Attendant training offered by the supplier

19 3. IMPLEMENTATION PIKOGAN Material provided Pails Countertop bins Fridge magnets Leaflets Posters for public buildings (Algonquin and French)

20 Implementation steps Operation

21 4. OPERATION The treatment of organic matter, a process with several stages Inspection of raw materials Preparation of raw materials Active composting Maturation Final sieving Storage

22 Implementation steps Harvesting and distribution of the final product

23 5. Harvesting and distribution of the final product To make quality compost, it is necessary to have quality sorting The quality of the compost will determine the use that can be made of it Know from the beginning of the process what we want to do with the compost Ensure ongoing awareness of the community

24 Questions? 250 Place Chef Michel-Laveau, suite 201 Wendake (Quebec) G0A 4V0 Phone: (418) Fax: (418)