Eighth Grade Science Curriculum Map

Transcription

1 Semester Unit Unit Focus NC Essential Standards Science College & Career Readiness Anchor Standards 1 Hydrosphere Water Structure Distribution Marine Ecosystems estuaries upwelling behavior of gases deep ocean technology Water Quality Safety & biological factors temperature dissolved oxygen ph Nitrates & phosphates turbidity Bio-indicators Human Impact on Water monitoring of the hydrosphere water quality standards methods of water treatment maintaining safe water quality stewardship 1 Ecosystems Biotic Factors Abiotic Factors Interactions of Organisms relationships between producers, consumers & decomposers coexistence & cooperation competition (predator/prey) 8.E.1 8.E E E L L.3.2 1

2 parasitism mutualism Terrestrial & aquatic food chains & webs 1 Earth History Relative Dating & Absolute Dating index fossils ordering of rock layers Law of Superposition radioactive dating Geologic History use of fossils ice cores composition of sedimentary rocks faults igneous rock formations changing life forms 8.L E.2 8.E.2.2 2

3 2 Evolution & Genetics Evolution of landforms Evolution of organisms Genetic Variation Adaptation relationship between genetic variation & an organism's ability to adapt to its environment 8.L L Microbiology Microbes Disease-Causing Agents characteristics: viruses bacteria fungi parasites protists Epidemic & Pandemic differences between the two as it relates to spread, treatment, & prevention 8.L.1 8.L.1.2 3

4 2 Biotechnology Careers NC Economic Benefits Ethical Issues implications for agriculture 8.L.2.1 4

5 2 Molecular Biology Cellular Energy summarize how food provides the energy molecules required for building materials growth & survival of organisms Body Health relationship between a healthy diet, exercise, & the general health of the body 8.L L Matter, Properties, & Change Atoms, Elements, Compounds, Mixtures classify matter as elements, compounds, or mixtures how atoms are packed together Periodic Table physical properties of elements reactivity current model of periodic table Physical Properties & Change Chemical Properties & Change Law of Conservation of Mass Chemical Equations 8.P P P P P.1.4 5

6 Chemical Reactions explain how the idea of atoms & a balanced chemical equation support the law of conservation of mass 2 Energy (Integrate with other objectives) Energy Use environmental consequences of the various methods of obtaining, transforming, & distributing energy Depletion of Resources Renewable Resources Nonrenewable Resources 8.P P.2.2 6

7 Unit: Hydrosphere Semester: 1 Standard Learning Target Vocabulary 8.E.1.1 Explain the structure of the hydrosphere including: Water distribution on earth Local river basins and water availability 8.E.1.2 Summarize evidence that Earth s oceans are a reservoir of nutrients, minerals, dissolved gases, and life forms: Estuaries Marine ecosystems Upwelling Behavior of gases in the marine environment Value and sustainability of marine resources Deep ocean technology and understandings gained 8.E.1.3 Predict the safety and potability of water supplies in North Carolina based on physical and biological factors, including: Temperature Dissolved oxygen ph Nitrates and phosphates Turbidity Bio-indicators I can explain the structure of the hydrosphere. I can describe the water cycle. I can explain the distribution of water on Earth. I can determine the importance of groundwater as a valuable resource. I can describe the resources and changes found in the Earth oceans. I can identify the movement of water, minerals, and dissolved gases within the ocean. I can analyze the relationship between aquatic & terrestrial food webs. I can evaluate technologies used to explore the ocean. I can determine the health of a water system by analyzing physical, chemical, and biological variables. I can identify the role of bio-indicators to study environmental factors. Fresh water, salt water, glaciers, ground water, salinity, hydrosphere, aquifer, watersheds, river basin Estuaries, marine ecosystems, upwelling, benthos, nekton, hydrothermal vent, phytoplankton, zooplankton, chemosynthesis, intertidal Temperature, dissolved oxygen, ph, hardness, nitrates, turbidity, bioindicators, deep ocean technology, sonar, remote sensing, desalination, surface tension, capillary action, osmosis 7

8 8.E.1.4 Conclude that the good health of humans requires: Monitoring of the hydrosphere Water quality standards Methods of water treatment Maintaining safe water quality Stewardship I can debate environmental issues related to NC hydrological systems. I can explain the importance of laws related to protecting the Earth s water. I can represent the steps used in water treatment plants I can distinguish between point and non-point source pollution. Point source pollution, nonpoint source pollution, fertilizers, eutrophication, aeration, micro-organisms, pesticides 8

9 Unit: Ecosystems Earth History Semester: 1 Standard Learning Target Vocabulary 8.L.3.1 Explain how factors such as food, water, shelter and space affect populations in an ecosystem. 8.L.3.2 Summarize the relationships among producers, consumers, and decomposers including the positive and negative consequences of such interactions including: Coexistence and cooperation Competition (predator/prey) Parasitism Mutualism 8.L.3.3 Explain how the flow of energy within food webs is interconnected with the cycling of matter (including water, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and oxygen). I will examine the relationship between factors, such as food, water, shelter, space and their effects on populations. I can identify the characteristics of an ecosystem. I will explain the social behaviors between of coexistence, cooperation and competition and be able to give examples of each. I can summarize the interactions between producers, consumers, and decomposers. I can explain the positive & negative consequences of ecological relationships. I can determine the directional flow of energy. I can explain the characteristics of food chains & food webs. I can describe & analyze the carbon cycle & nitrogen cycle. Organism, biotic, abiotic, ecosystem, habitat, niche, population, species, ecology Producer, autotroph, consumer, heterotroph, decomposer, scavenger, predator, prey, terrestrial, aquatic, mutualism, commensalism, parasitism, symbiosis Photosynthesis/Cellular Respiration, food chain, food web, transpiration, condensation, evaporation, precipitation, nitrogen, nutrient 9

10 Earth History: 8.E.2 Understand the history of Earth and its life forms based on evidence of change recorded in fossil records and landforms. 8.E.2.1 Infer the age of Earth and relative age of rocks and fossils from index fossils and ordering of rock layers (relative dating and radioactive dating). 8.E.2.2 Explain the use of fossils, ice cores, composition of sedimentary rocks, faults, and igneous rock formations found in rock layers as evidence of the history of the Earth and its changing life forms. I can understand the history of the Earth and its life forms based on evidence of change. I can analyze how rock layers and fossils provide evidence of Earth s history. I can compare how Earth s processes that we see today are similar to those in the past. I can interpret how rocks, fossils, and ice cores provide evidence of Earth s past. I can interpret changes in Earth s Lithosphere. Index fossils, lithosphere, extinction, Law of Superposition, unconformities, divergent, convergent, transform, faults, evidence of climate change, plate tectonics, continental drift, absolute age, relative age, half-life Geologic time scale, geologic time 10

11 Unit: Evolution & Genetics Microbiology Biotechnology Molecular Biology Semester: 2 Standard Learning Target Vocabulary 8.L.4.1 Summarize the use of evidence drawn from geology, fossils, and comparative anatomy to form the basis for biological classification systems and the theory of evolution. 8.L.4.2 Explain the relationship between genetic variation and an organism s ability to adapt to its environment. 8.L.1.1 Summarize the basic characteristics of viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites relating to the spread, treatment and prevention of disease. 8.L.1.2 Explain the difference between epidemic and pandemic as it relates to the spread, treatment and prevention of disease. 8.L.2.1 Summarize aspects of biotechnology including: Specific genetic information available I can evaluate the biological changes over time which support evolution. I can interpret how landforms change over time. I can explain the relationship between genetic variation and an organism s ability to adapt to its environment. I can summarize the basic characteristics of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. I can explain the spread, treatment & prevention of diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. I can classify bacteria according to their shape. I can explain the differences between epidemic & pandemic as it relates to spread, treatment, and prevention of disease. I will explore applications of biotechnology. I can identify career opportunities and economic benefits in the field of biotechnology Evolution, genetics, plate tectonics, trenches, Pangaea, adaptations, variations, homologous, analogous, embryological, taxonomy, biological evolution, geological evolution, natural selection Phenotype, morphological, biochemical Microbiology, viruses, bacteria, protozoa, parasites, fungi, algae, vaccines, antibiotics, host cell, protists, potency Vectors, infectious, pathogens, epidemic, pandemic, antimicrobial, individual susceptibility, Biotechnology, DNA, bioremediation, genetic modification, cloning, 11

12 Careers Economic benefits to North Carolina Ethical issues Implications for agriculture 8.L.5.1 Summarize how food provides the energy and the molecules required for building materials, growth and survival of all organisms (to include plants). 8.L.5.2 Explain the relationship among a healthy diet, exercise, and the general health of the body (emphasis on the relationship between respiration and digestion). in the state of NC. I can evaluate the ethical issues pertaining to biotechnology. I can explain the implications of biotechnology as it affects living organisms. I can evaluate how food provides energy. I can identify the steps of mitosis & meiosis. I can recognize unicellular and multicellular organism I can explain the relationship between a healthy diet, exercise and a healthy body. penicillin, insulin, diabetes Mitosis, meiosis, plasma membrane, unicellular, multicellular, oxidize, prokaryotic, eukaryotic, organelle, photosynthesis, cellular respiration Toxins, addiction, embryonic, carcinogens 12

13 Unit: Chemistry Semester: 2 Energy Standard Learning Target Vocabulary 8.P.1.1 Classify matter as elements, compounds, or mixtures based on how the atoms are packed together in arrangements. 8.P.1.2 Explain how the physical properties of elements and their reactivity have been used to produce the current model of the Periodic Table of elements. 8.P.1.3 Compare physical changes such as size, shape and state to chemical changes that are the result of a chemical reaction to include changes in temperature, color, formation of a gas or precipitate. 8.P.1.4 Explain how the idea of atoms and a balanced chemical equation support the law of conservation of mass. 8.P.2.1 Explain the environmental consequences of the various methods of obtaining, transforming and distributing energy. I can classify matter as elements, compounds, or mixtures. I can explain the relationships between atoms and elements. I can explain how elements combine to form compounds. I can differentiate mixtures from compounds. I can explain how the Periodic Table is organized. I can compare physical and chemical changes of matter. I can understand that all physical and chemical changes involve a change in energy. I can explain how the idea of atoms and a balanced chemical equation support the Law of Conservation of Mass. I can understand that energy flows while matter cycles. I can explain the environmental consequences of the various methods of obtaining, transforming, and distributing energy. Atom, elements, compounds, mixtures, heterogeneous, homogeneous, solution, ion Conductivity, reactivity, metals, nonmetals, metalloids, periods, groups, atomic mass Solubility, density, polarity, melting & boiling point, physical change, precipitate, endothermic, exothermic The Law of Conservation of Mass, reactants, products, chemical formula Photovoltaic cells, solar batteries, reflectors, solar energy, electrical energy, wind energy, hydroelectric energy, geothermal energy, coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear energy, wood 13

14 8.P.2.2 Explain the implications of the depletion of renewable and nonrenewable energy resources and the importance of conservation. I can explain the implications of the depletion of renewable and nonrenewable energy resources and the importance of conservation. Fossil fuels, resources, renewable, non-renewable, conservation 14