Problems and Solutions in Biodiversity Conservation and Waste Management in the Pacific Region

Transcription

1 Problems and Solutions in Biodiversity Conservation and Waste Management in the Pacific Region Pascale Salaun and David Haynes Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme Programme régional pour l environnement

2 Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme Established in 1993 in Samoa 21 Pacific islands 5 metropolitan countries 90 staff MANDATE To provide assistance in order to protect and improve the environment to ensure sustainable development for present and future generations, To promote cooperation in the Pacific islands region

3 Regional governance Pacific Regional Sea Programme -Global linking mechanism- Secretariat Pacific Plan -Primary regional policy- Secretariat Pacific Oceanscape Framework -Visionary framework for crosssectoral ocean management- Noumea Convention -Legal instrument- SPREP strategic plan Marine Sector Working Group Secretariat Secretariat

4 SPREP Structure: Biodiversity Climate Change Biodiversity & Ecosystems Environmental Monitoring Waste & Pollution Corporate Services Adaptation Coastal & Marine Monitoring Marine and Land Pollution Outreach Mitigation Threatened Species Governance Solid Waste Information & IT Science & Policy Invasive Species Planning Hazardous Waste Finance Biodiversity HR

5 Multiple challenges INitiative des TErritoires pour la Gestion Régionale de l Environnement Unsustainable land use Pollution and Waste Climate Change Coastal Development Unsustainable Fishing Invasive Species Emerging Uses

6 Island Integratedmanagement 10 principles 10 case studies For a framework

7 OceanscapeVision for integrated management of Pacific resources 2009: proposed by President of Kiribati 2010: endorsed by PI leaders 2012: Ocean Commissioner established 2012: countries make significant commitments under the Oceanscape

8 Key Priorities of the Pacific Oceanscape Jurisdictional Rights and Responsibilities Good Ocean Governance Sustainable development, management and conservation Listening, Learning, Liaising and Leading

9 Natural capital & Social features INitiative des TErritoires pour la Gestion Régionale de l Environnement Mangroves Business district Coral reefs Industrial Seagrass flats Residential Upslope forest Informal settlements

10 Alteration to agenda INitiative des TErritoires pour la Gestion Régionale de l Environnement Different natural solutions can be applied in 1. upslope; 2. riverside; 3. coastal Along with the cost benefit analysis

11 Multiple resource uses require an integrated solution INitiative des TErritoires pour la Gestion Régionale de l Environnement Shipping Tourism Biodiversity Conservation Coastal Development Fishing Deep Sea Minerals

12 A vision for Marine Spatial Planning: communicating the process is essential for successful engagement Coastal Fisheries Biodiversity Conservation Traditional Management Pelagic Fisheries Management Tourism Deep Sea Minerals

13 SPREP Structure: Waste & Pollution Climate Change Biodiversity & Ecosystems Environmental Monitoring Waste & Pollution Corporate Services Adaptation Coastal & Marine Monitoring Marine and Land Pollution Outreach Mitigation Threatened Species Governance Solid Waste Information & IT Science & Policy Invasive Species Planning Hazardous Waste Finance Biodiversity HR

14 Shipping RelatedPollution Minimising effects of ship related marine pollution Marine oil spill training Ship and Port Waste Management Invasive Marine Species including ballast water 13 M tonnes of WWII wrecks in Melanesia and Micronesia Marine plastic litter

15 Solid Waste Management Integrated strategies at both regional and national levels: Separation of wastes Backyard composting of vegetable and food scraps Recycling of glass, plastic, aluminium and paper Waste mass is minimised and collections costs reduced

16 Hazardous Waste Management A major regional issue Disposal of used oil E-waste is an emerging regional problem Pesticide contaminated sites (DDT, dieldrin) occur across the region Asbestos in building materials is a legacy historical waste Medical waste including expired pharmaceuticals are a major problem 16

17 2 Major Hazardous Waste Projects GEF-PAS: Pacific upops reduction through improved management of solid waste: 5 Years, $US9M EDF10: Hazardous waste management programme: asbestos, Ewaste, healthcare waste: 4 Years, $US11M 17

18 Project prioritization: Regional or National? Problem: Countries are not necessarily committed to regional collaboration Solution: Build projects at the national level, but coordinate regionally to take advantage of any synergies Problem: Lack of information about national priorities to develop national projects Solution: Background reconnaissance and information collation; preparation of regional strategies that can devolve to the national level

19 Project funding Problem: Donors making national funding decisions in isolation of regional information Solution: National gap analysis, collated to regional summary, potentially allows better donor coordination Problem: Countries are not necessarily committed to regional collaboration and continue bilateral funding negotiations Solution: Coordinate projects regionally to take advantage of any synergies

20 Project Implementation Support Problem: Low prioritization by National Focal Points Solution: Project promotion and sign-off through high level meetings Problem: Limited national capacity and expertise, and competing priorities Solution: Projects implemented locally under supervision-learn by doing, integration with national plans Problem: Lack of national coordination Solution: In-country project teams

21 Project quality control Problem: Project must use and be seen to use national knowledge Solution: Build on previously attained capacity and use national coordinating committees Problem: Project must use, and be seen to use best practice Solution: Use expert technical advisory groups, as well as periodic independent monitoring and evaluation missions and ensure input and sign-off from a regional steering group

22 Project Sustainability Problem: Finding local/regional solutions to fit the context Solution : Use experienced regional experts Problem: Lack of funding Solution: Ongoing projects have financial mechanisms that remove reliance on donors (eg import tariffs on recyclable materials) Solution: Develop regional strategies that progressively undertake activities which include an emphasis on training and active project involvement

23 Thanks for listening!