RECS International Inc. Yachiyo Engineering Co., Ltd. CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. Sanyu Consultants Inc.

Transcription

1 No. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Dehsabz City Development Authority (DCDA) Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) THE STUDY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MASTER PLAN FOR THE KABUL METROPOLITAN AREA IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN FINAL REPORT SECTOR REPORT 7: POWER AND ENERGY SUPPLY September 2009 RECS International Inc. Yachiyo Engineering Co., Ltd. CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. Sanyu Consultants Inc. EID J R

2 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Dehsabz City Development Authority (DCDA) Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) THE STUDY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MASTER PLAN FOR THE KABUL METROPOLITAN AREA IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN FINAL REPORT SECTOR REPORT 7: POWER AND ENERGY SUPPLY September 2009 RECS International Inc. Yachiyo Engineering Co., Ltd. CTI Engineering International Co., Ltd. Sanyu Consultants Inc.

3 Currency Equivalents (average Interbank rates for May 27-June 26, 2009) US$1.00=AFN (over 31 days) US$1.00=JPY (over 31 days) JPY 1=AFN (over 31 days) Source: OANDA.COM,

4 Table of Contents Chapter 1 Present Conditions of Power Supply Administration, Policies and Plans for Power Development in Afghanistan Power administration Power sector policy and master plan Afghanistan National Development Strategy Power supply system in Afghanistan Existing Power Supply in KMA Power supply system Consumers and demand Power Projects Ongoing power projects Planned international transmission line projects Other Potential Energy Resources Renewable energy in Afghanistan Natural gas Crude oil Geothermal Solar energy Chapter 2 Strategy and Framework for Power Supply Planning for KMA Power Supply Development Strategy for KMA Framework for Power Supply Planning for KMA Objectives and output of the power supply planning Key parameters and conditions Power demand projection Chapter 3 Power and Energy Supply Development Plan for KMA Power Demand-Supply Balance Power Supply Plan for New City Proposed power supply system Implementation schedule Facilities and equipment necessary for the power supply system for new city Investment schedule for power supply system for new city Development of Other Sources of Energy Renewable energy Natural gas Crude oil and natural gas Geothermal Coal mines Power generation by solid wastes Recommendations Review of electricity tariffs Study of best mix of power sources Establishment of a load dispatching center for KMA Comprehensive design and construction standards for distribution network Capacity buildings Privatization of power sector Reduction of energy losses i

5 List of Tables Table 1.1 Outline of Existing Generating Facilities Table 1.2 Comparison of Generating Costs, Table 1.3 Number of Consumers, Table 1.4 Outline of Peak Demand Composition Table 1.5 Ongoing Power Projects Table 1.6 Ongoing Transmission and Substation Projects Table 2.1 Transmission and Distribution Method Table 2.2 Number of Consumers, Table 2.3 Energy Consumption by User Category in Kabul City, Table 3.1 Power Balance for KMA (Unit:) Table 3.2 Power Balance for KMA, Table 3.3 Facilities and Equipment for Power Supply System for the New City: Summary Table 3.4 Facilities and Equipment for Bagram Substation Table 3.5 Facilities and Equipment for Dehsabz North Junction Station Table 3.6 Facilities and Equipment for Dehsabz South Substation Table 3.7 Facilities and Equipment for Paymonar Substation Table 3.8 Associated Equipment for Power Supply System for the New City Table 3.9 Investment Schedule for Power Supply System Project for the New City Table 3.10 Investment Schedule for Bagram Substation Table 3.11 Investment Schedule for Dehsabz North Junction Station Table 3.12 Investment Schedule for Dehsabz South Substation Table 3.13 Investment Schedule for Paymonar Substation Table 3.14 Investment Schedule for Associated Equipment of Power Supply System for New City Table 3.15 Comparison of Generating Costs, Table 3.16 Ongoing Power Tariffs ii

6 List of Figures Figure 2.1 Daily Load Curve of Kabul City (Jan. 30, 2009) Figure 3.1 Conceptual Power Supply System for New City Figure 3.2 Service Coverage Area by 20kV Network for New City Figure 3.3 Conceptual Power Network Configuration for New City Figure 3.4 Implementation Schedule for Power Supply System for New City, Phase Figure 3.5 Implementation Schedule for Power Supply System for New City, Phase Figure 3.6 Implementation Schedule for Power Supply System for New City, Phase Figure 3.7 Generating and Heating System Components iii

7 List of Appendices Appendix-1: Detailed Data on Power Consumers in Kabul City... A-1 Appendix-2: Design Conditions for Power Supply System... A-2 iv

8 Abbreviations AC ACSR AEIC AFN ANDS av. AVR CCGT DABM DABS DC est. GIS KED KMA MoEW MOM MORRD N/A OLTC OPGW PS PVC SCADA sec. SS SWGR UPS WHRB alternating current aluminum conductor steel reinforced Afghanistan Energy Information Center Afghanistan afghani Afghanistan National Development Strategy average automatic voltage regulator combined cycle gas turbine Da Afghanistan Breshna Moassea Da Afghanistan Breshna Shirkat direct current estimate(d) gas insulated substation Kabul Electricity Development Kabul metropolitan area Ministry of Energy and Water Ministry of Mines Ministry of Rural Reconstruction and Development not available/applicable on-load tap changer optical ground wire or optical fiber composite overhead ground wire power station polyvinyl chloride supervisory control and data acquisition secondary or second substation switchgear uninterruptible power supply waste heat recovery boiler v

9 Units of Measure cm Hz GW GWh kv kwh km km 2 m m 2 mm MVA MW tcf VA centimeter hertz gigawatt gigawatt-hour kilovolt kilowatt-hour kilometer square kilometer meter square meter Millimeter mega volt-ampere megawatt trillion cubic feet volt-ampere vi

10 CHAPTER 1 PRESENT CONDITIONS OF POWER SUPPLY 1.1 Administration, Policies and Plans for Power Development in Afghanistan Power administration The power supply in Afghanistan is the responsibilities of three ministries: the Ministry of Energy and Water (MoEW) in charge of bulk power supply covering generation, transmission and distribution, the Ministry of Rural Reconstruction and Development (MORRD) in charge of small independent generation (smaller than 500kW) and distribution, and the Ministry of Mines (MOM) in charge of power supply for fertilizer and cement companies. The power supply for Kabul is undertaken by the Kabul Electricity Development (KED) corporation under the supervision of Da Afghanistan Breshna Moassea (DABM) within MoEW. DABM is now transformed into a new organization named Da Afghanistan Breshna Sherkat (DABS) Power sector policy and master plan The Power Sector Policy Paper issued in 2003 has set the general direction of the sector s reform. It proposed the separation of policy formation and services provision, establishment of the Power Regulatory Authority, commercialization of DABM, utilization of the private sector and other measures. The paper and the Power Sector Master Plan are reflected in the report Securing Afghanistan s Future prepared in January The power development in Afghanistan has been following largely these documents. The master plan spelled out the following for stage-wise power development in Afghanistan: 1) Rehabilitation of the existing power facilities as the urgent measures (up to 2005) 2) Implementation of three priority projects ( ), consisting of a) the northern transmission lines (220kV) between Termez and Kabul for power import from Uzbekistan, b) the construction of the Baghdara hydropower plant (280MW) for the Kabul-Ghori-Balkh region and the Kajaki II (100MW) for the Kandahar region, and c) the construction of a gas turbine plant in the Sheberghan area 3) Development of the Surobi II (180MW), and other hydropower plants on the Kunar and the Kokcha rivers Afghanistan National Development Strategy The Afghanistan National Development Strategy (ANDS) has reviewed the master plan and set targets and priority for power sector development as part of the national energy strategy. In line with the private sector-led market oriented economic development, the ANDS has established the government priority to privatize key state-owned enterprises. In particular, the national electricity authority, DABM will be corporatized to increase the efficiency. The targets for the medium term national development include the following related to power and energy development by 2011: 1) Electricity will reach at least 65% of households and 90% of non-residential establishments in major urban areas, and 25% of households in rural areas. 2) At least 75% of the costs will be recovered from users connected to the national power grid. 3) A strategy for the development and use of renewable energy will be pursued. More specific measures to expand the power supply capacity are spelled out in the ANDS. In addition to major infrastructure projects such as Kokcha, Kunar, Baghdara, Gulbahar, Surobi II and Sherberghan gas and oil fields, promotion of renewable energy such as micro-hydro, solar, wind, biomass and diesel power is mentioned to increase access to rural energy. 1-1

11 1.1.4 Power supply system in Afghanistan There are four major individual power supply systems covering the national territory: north, east (including Kabul), south and west. The power supply system for the west relies on power import from Iran and Turkmenistan. The north and the east systems are expected to be interconnected within Existing Power Supply in KMA Power supply system The power is supplied to the Kabul area from four generating plants with the total installed capacity of 245MW. The power supply for general public is still limited to evening through early morning, except during winter, December through February, when a peak demand is recorded. The electric power supply system for the Kabul city is outlined as follows (1) Generating facilities The generating capacity for the Kabul area consists of 188MW (75%) by hydro and the rest by thermal power. Existing power generating facilities are summarized in Table 1.1. Table 1.1 Outline of Existing Generating Facilities Plant name Generating Capacity (MW) Year method Installed Available Note Mahipar Hydro (3 22) Operate Oct.-April Naghlu Hydro (4 25) 100 Reserve water: 65% at end of July 2008 Sarobi Hydro (2 11) 16.5 Operational in Nov. to Mar: 75% North West Gas turbine (22+23) 40 Small DEG Diesel N/A Total Source: MoEW (2) Transmission and substation system The main transmission lines operating in the grid are of 110kV, extending over 355km. There are 5 substations with the total capacity of about 240MVA. (3) Distribution system The distribution voltage is 15/20kV which is dropped by step-down transformers to 400/220V, 50Hz. There are twelve junction stations that have a total capacity of 250MW. Future distribution voltage shall be 20kV to reduce the electrical losses. Based on a report of the latest distribution system analysis, it is recommended that the total required capacity of new transformer is 165MVA until 2012 and two new 110/20kV substations are to be installed for the central and the southwest systems. The report also estimated the peak demand of 278MVA at 0.9 power factor, which corresponds to about 250MW in Load shedding occurs every day, and some distribution transformers are over-loaded. Electrical design standards and codes are not fixed. The number of residential including commercial users with access to power supply is about 200,000, and the electrification rate is estimated at about 36 % at the end of (4) Generating cost The generating cost by various types of power generation in Afghanistan is shown in Table

12 Table 1.2 Comparison of Generating Costs, 2007 No. Generating method Av. estimated unit price (US /kwh) Remarks 1 Hydro Thermal Kabul NW PS 3 Imported Diesel All provinces 5 Hydro and diesel Hydro, thermal and diesel Natural gas Based on Sheberghan 8 Coal N/A Source: Energy Sector Strategy, January 2008, MoEW Consumers and demand (1) Consumers The number of consumers by use category in recent years is summarized in Table 1.3. Residential consumers are by far the largest, followed by commercial consumers. The total number of consumers increased only by 25.1% from 2005 to 2007, and non-electrified residential users are estimated to be about 370,000 in Table 1.3 Number of Consumers, Customer type Annual rate of increase (%) Residential 125, , , Commercial 7,317 7,550 11, Government 1,347 1,388 1, Holy place 1,152 1,220 1, Industrial 1,272 1,291 1, Total 137, , , Source: DABM (2) Peak demand The peak demand was 171MW recorded from 18:00 to 21:00 on January 30, The distribution of peak demand between user categories is indicated in Table 1.4. The total demand of waiting consumers was calculated to be 30MW based on load shedding schedule at the end of July (3) Others Table 1.4 Outline of Peak Demand Composition Category 1:00 9:00 16:00 19:00 Residential Commercial Government Holy place Industrial Total Source: JICA Study Team. The tariff collection rate is about 74% in 2006, and the estimated average power consumption of residential users is about 1,800kWh/year. 1-3

13 1.3 Power Projects Ongoing power projects Ongoing power projects are shown in Table 1.5 for power generation projects, and in Table 1.6 for substation and transmission projects. Table 1.5 Ongoing Power Projects Project name Specification Total capacity (MW) Expected completion Tarakhil PS (I) Diesel (6 units) 36 May 2009 Tarakhil PS (II) Diesel (12 units) 72 End of 2009 Baghdara Hydro , Parwan province Surobi-II Hydro Aynak TPP Thermal (coal) by MOM Source: MoEW Table 1.6 Ongoing Transmission and Substation Projects Description Specification Expected completion Kabul NW SS: 110/20-15 kv, 2 40 MVA June 2009 Kabul North SS 110/20/ 15 kv, 2 40 MVA June 2009 Chimtala SS 220/110kV, MVA 110/20 kv, 2 40 MVA June 2009 Botkhak SS 110/20 kv, 2 40 MVA July kV T/L Kabul NW PS Kabul North SS June 2009 Source: ibid Planned international transmission line projects The following international transmission line routes will be established. (1) Uzbekistan-Afghanistan: 220kV (2 150MW) (2) Turkmenistan-Afghanistan: 500kV (300MW) (3) Tajikistan-Afghanistan: 220kV (2 150MW, from March to September) (4) Kyrgyzstan (after 2016, from April to September)-Tajikistan (117km)-Afghanistan (562km) -Pakistan (71km): 500 kv (1 1,300MW) The Tajikistan line to Afghanistan shall be DC 500kV because of the elevation along the line route. (5) Iran-Afghanistan-Tajikistan 1.4 Other Potential Energy Resources Renewable energy in Afghanistan Hydropower potentials are estimated to total about 18GW, and wind power potentials about 158GW. Generating cost of some of them is estimated to be around US 9/kWh Natural gas Reserves are estimates about 3,530 billions cubic feet in Crude oil The total oil reserves could be as much as 270 billion barrels as estimated by the US government, and gas reserves may be between 1 and trillion cubic feet (tcf). 1-4

14 1.4.4 Geothermal Some geothermal reserves are located in the Hindu Kush mountains and the northern Heart-Panjsheer fault line, at approximately 50km from the Kabul city. These reserves may be tapped for heating systems Solar energy An average peak of daily radiation is estimated to be 700W/m 2 in the Kabul region. 1-5

15 CHAPTER 2 The Study for the Development of the Master Plan for the Kabul Metropolitan Area STRATEGY AND FRAMEWORK FOR POWER SUPPLY PLANNING FOR KMA 2.1 Power Supply Development Strategy for KMA The power supply for the KMA should follow generally the power development policy and plan in Afghanistan outlined above. As part of the national power development plan, the power supply for the new city may be planned by extending the existing or planned power supply network from the nearest substation. In line with the national power sector policy, however, the power supply for the new city should utilize the private sector as much as possible. A separate power supply company may be established to serve the new city, coordinated with MoEW and DABS. In line with the development and planning concepts for the new city, use of renewable energy should be encouraged in the new city. Power generation facilities by solar and wind may be installed to tap abundant resources available naturally in the new city area for rural electrification as well as bulk power supply complementary to the grid power. Mini-hydro facilities may be installed on water channels fed by springs to serve the villages surrounding the new city. A public utility duct such as power, gas, telephone, city water, drainage systems, may be considered in the center areas of the new city. 2.2 Framework for Power Supply Planning for KMA Objectives and output of the power supply planning (1) Objectives The main objectives of power supply plan are to prepare such a plan to ensure reliability and high quality of power supply, and to minimize the energy losses. (2) Output The expected output of the power supply plan comprises: a) Conceptual power system diagram b) Conceptual single line diagram for KMA c) Project lists for 2015, 2020 and 2025 with project profiles for priority projects Key parameters and conditions The following parameters are used for the conceptual design: (1) Unit power demand The power demand is expected to increase as the income levels increase. The power demand for residential consumers is taken as 100W per capita at present by MoEW. This may increase to 150 W per capita at least by (2) Peak demand The peak demand will increase as the unit demand per capita increases, the economy develops, and the population grows. Considering the peak demand of 171MW recorded in 2009 dominantly by residential demand, the following average annual rates of increase are applied for the residential demand: a) : 5 % b) : 3% d) : 3% in the Kabul city and 10 % in the new city considering the 26 Delwa Project The distribution of peak demand will change as the economy develops, and industrial and commercial 2-1

16 demand mainly during the daytime will dominate the peak demand rather than the residential demand mainly during the night. (3) Power supply points The power supply for the existing Kabul city will be through the existing supply network configurations already established. Only the supply capacities for transmission and distribution with substations as well as power sources need to be increased. The power supply to the new city should be newly established since the new city area is currently underdeveloped. Therefore, new facilities will have to be installed to ensure high reliability and low energy losses. To satisfy these conditions, following three power supply points are recommendable: a) Tarakhil 110kV substation about 12km from the Dehsabz South substation (Dehsabz South area) b) Chimtala 220kV substation about 10km from the Paymonar substation (Paymonar area) c) Charikhar 220kV substation about 20km from the Barikab substation (Barikab area) d) Pul-e-Khumri 220kV substation about 210km from the Bagram substation (Barikab area) e) Baghdara 220kV hydropower station about 65km from the Bagram substation (Barikab area) (4) Transmission lines and distribution systems The power transmission from the power supply points to demand centers is either by overhead or under ground transmission and distribution lines (Table 2.1). In general, overhead transmission is adopted for high voltage lines. Part of transmission/distribution within urbanized areas may adopt underground lines, but for household distribution, overhead lines are common adopted. It is recommendable to install gas-insulated substations (GIS) for new substations, considering heavy dust, elevation of the supply areas, seasonal and other conditions. (5) Substation facilities Transformers shall be of low loss type and all electrical facilities shall be of energy saving types such as lighting facilities, etc. Heat pump shall be applied for the substation buildings. Communication systems shall adopt minimum three methods such as OPGW on 110/220kV transmission lines, telephone and micro-wave system Table 2.1 Transmission and Distribution Method Description Overhead Underground and/or indoor Note 220kV line /20kV SS Gas Insulated Substation (GIS) 110kV line /20kV SS GIS 20kV line /220 V 0 0 Source: JICA Study Team. The power supply system for the KMA consists of a transmission system with double transmission lines and dual bus-bar with back-up (50%) power supply feeders to neighboring substations, and a distribution system with junction stations having area ring connections Power demand projection (1) Recorded peak demand The peak demand of 171 MW recorded at 18:00 on 30th January 2009 was under the partial power supply from Uzbekistan. The rate of increase is about 2% compared to the peak demand in 2007, which was 167 MW. Figure 2.1 shows the daily load curve on that day. 2-2

17 Demand [MW ] Day Time [Hour] Kabul System From Uzbekistan Total Source: AEIC Figure 2.1 Daily Load Curve of Kabul City (Jan. 30, 2009) (2) Latent demand There exists latent demand as load shedding is routinely practiced, and some waiting customers exist, for which the total demand is estimated by MoEW to be about 10MW in Also, many power consumers, especially industrial ones, have their own generating facilities, for which the total generating capacity is estimated by MoEW to be about 10MW. They would rely exclusively on the grid power once the supply conditions are improved such as supply reliability and stable voltage. Thus, these also constitute the latent demand. The total demand of waiting consumers was assumed at 5MW for 2009, considering the peak demand and load shedding conditions as of January 30, (3) Unit residential demand The number of residential customers including commercial users having access to power supply is estimated to be about 200,000 (Table 2.2). The electrification ratio is estimated at 55% as of The peak demand is due to the residential use as shown in Table 1.4. The total number of people served by power supply is estimated to be about 1.6million in 2007, based on the number of residential customers shown in Table 2.2 and the average number of household assumed at 8.0. The unit domestic demand is calculated to be 107W. This corresponds well with the standard of 100W per capita taken by MoEW. Table 2.2 Number of Consumers, Category Increase/yr. (%) Residential 125, , , Commercial 7,317 7,550 11, Government 1,347 1,388 1, Holy place 1,152 1,220 1, Industrial 1,272 1,291 1, Total 136, , , Source: DABM (4) Demand projection The unit domestic demand will increase as the income levels increase and also as the supply reliability improves. Therefore, the unit domestic demand is assumed at 150W per capita in The service coverage by the grid power should increase to 65% in accordance with the ANDS in several 2-3

18 years and further to 80% by 2025 in the Kabul city. For the new city, 100% service coverage is planned to be realized by By applying the planned population of the Kabul city and the new city, the total domestic demand is projected to reach 825MW by 2025, consisting of 600MW in the Kabul city within the upper Kabul basin and 225MW in the new city. Power demand for industrial, commercial and public uses is roughly estimated based on the economic structure and planned distribution of various economic activities in the Kabul city and the new city. The total industrial land in the KMA will be about 2,600ha in The unit power demand is at least 2MVA/km 2 of the land area even for light industries. The total power demand for industrial use may be about 50MW in The total floor area for service activities will be about 1,800ha. The unit power demand for service use is typically 10-30VA/m 2 of the floor area. The total power demand for services use may be MW in2025. The combined demand for industrial, commercial and public uses is projected to become 300MW, consisting of 180MW in the Kabul city and 120MW in the new city. However, the peak demand is due to residential use during the evening, while the industrial and commercial uses occur during the day. Therefore, the total power demand in the KMA is projected to be the same as the residential demand. The total power demand would increase from 250MW in 2008, including latent demand, to 825MW in 2025 at the average annual rate of 7.3%. In terms of energy, the average increase would be much larger due to the industrial and services demand. This rate of increase is necessary to support the high economic growth expected to be at 9.7% per annum in the Kabul province, which should be supported mostly by the economic development of the KMA. In fact, the power demand has been increasing rapidly in recent years at 9.6% per annum during in terms of energy (Table 2.3). More detailed data on energy consumption are given in Appendix 1 to this sector report. Table 2.3 Energy Consumption by User Category in Kabul City, Category 2005 (GWh) 2006 (GWh) 2007 (GWh) Increase/yr. (%) Residential Commercial Government Holy place Industrial Total Source: ibid. 2-4

19 CHAPTER 3 The Study for the Development of the Master Plan for the Kabul Metropolitan Area POWER AND ENERGY SUPPLY DEVELOPMENT PLAN FOR KMA 3.1 Power Demand-Supply Balance The power demand in the Kabul city and the new city projected above for 2025 will be realized in steps. The power demand in 2015 and 2020 is determined reflecting the planned population increase and economic development in stages in the Kabul city and the new city. The development of power supply capacity is determined following the implementation schedule of the on-going and planned projects presented above. Of the power generated by new plants and transmitted by planned international connections of transmission lines, only use of 50-60% is assumed in the KMA. Based on these, the power balance is worked out as shown in Table 3.1. Table 3.1 Power Balance for KMA (Unit:) 2008 (MW) 2015 (MW) 2020 (MW) 2025 (MW) 1. Peak demand a) Kabul city b) New city Subtotal Power supply a) Power plants b) Transmission lines N/A Subtotal ,010 Power balance Source: JICA Study Team As seen from Table 3.1, no power shortage will develop once the power transmission lines from neighboring countries are connected to the system. If additional hydropower plants are not introduced by 2025, the domestic supply capacity will be 273MW to make the total supply capacity 903MW, which will be exceeded by the projected demand by Early introduction of another hydropower is indispensable, which will contribute also to enhancing the supply reliability and stability. Detailed power balance analyses are presented in Table Power Supply Plan for New City Proposed power supply system A conceptual power supply system for the new city having high reliability is illustrated in Figure 3.1. Figure 3.2 shows the coverage area by 20 kv distribution network corresponding to the bulk power supply. Major components of the power supply system to be implemented in each phase are as follows: 1) Phase-I (by 2015): Construction of the Dehsabz south substation with 20/0.4kV distribution network, and initiation of construction of the Bagram substations with 20/0.4kV distribution network 2) Phase-II (by 2020): Construction of the Paymonar substation and 20/0.4kV distribution network 3) Phase-III (by 2025): Completion of the Bagram substation and 20/0.4kV distribution network 3-1

20 Table 3.2 Power Balance for KMA, No. Description [Unit] Remarks A: Increasing Rate [%] For Kabul City For New City B: Peak Demand [MW] 1 Kabul City Including demand for new city; 2009 to New City Including demand for 26 Delwa Project 3 Waiting Consumer Assumed by MEW/DABS Total C: Power Supply System Rated C1: Power Station Output C11 Kabul System [MW] 1. Naghlu Surobi Kabul North West GTG Emergency Operation. 4. Mahipar Partial Ope.: from Dec. to Feb. at 50 % output 5. GTG in NW Emergency Operation. Studying CCGT 6. Tarakhil (DEG) Emergency Operation. 7. Surobi (from 180 to 280 MW) Sub-total C12 Other System (*1) [MW] 1. Kelagai HPP Multipurpose dam, Baghlan Prov. 2. Upper Kokcha HPP Kama HPP Multipurpose dam, Nangarhar Prov. 4. Aynak TPP (by MOM) 5. Baghdara HPP (from 180 to 360 MW) 6. Gulbahar HPP Multipurpose dam (from 30 to 120 MW) Sub-total C2: Transmission Lines [MW] International Connections 1. Uzbekistan to Naibabad Uzbekistan to Naibabad Tajikistan to Pul-e-Khumri Tajikistan to Pul-e-Khumri Turkmenistan to Naibabad Receiving from March to September 6. Turkmenistan to Naibabad Receiving from March to September Sub-total D: Power Balance (Not including Emergency and seasonal operation units) D1 Available power to KMA [MW] 1. By Kabul System By Transmissions (*2) Sub-total ,020 1,020 D2 Power Balance [MW] Item (D1) - Item (B) Source: ibid. Remarks: *1: Assumed that KMA can receive *2: Assumed that KMA can receive From Turkmenistan 50 % of power supply from other power stations located outside of Kabul system. 60 % of the supplied power from International connections. From Uzbekistan Naibabad S/S (164 km) Pul-e-Khumri S/S From Tajikistan (202 km) 220 kv (210 km) Charikar S/S 220 kv 220 kv Bagram S/S (20 km) (65 km) 220 kv (40 km) 20 kv (20 km) Baghdara HPP (58 km) Dehsabz North JS 20kV 20 kv (25 km) (20 km) Paymanor S/S Dehsabz South S/S 20 kv 220 kv (20 km) 110 kv (10 km) (12 km) 220 kv (20 km) Chimtala S/S Tarakhil TPP From Kabul NW TPP From Mahipar HPP From Naghlu HPP From Surobi HPP : 220 kv Transmission Line S/S : Substation : Power Supply : 20 kv Distribution Line S.S : Switching Station HPP : Hydro Power Plant : Existing Facilities JS : Junction Station TPP : Thermal Power Plant Remarks: (1) 220 kv lines from Baghdara to Charikar S/S shall be planned to pass the future Barikab S/S area. (2) shows future projects to be completed by Figure 3.1 Conceptual Power Supply System for New City 3-2

21 From Charikar S/S From Plu-e Khumri S/S From Baghdara P/S Bagram S/S Dehsabz North JS Paymanor S/S Dehsabz South S/S Chimtala S/S Tarakhil P/S Road km : 110 or 220 kv Lines : For Bulk Supply : Phase-I (2015) : For Residential : Phase-II (2020) : Phase-III (2025) Figure 3.2 Service Coverage Area by 20kV Network for New City Switchgears for 220 kv and 110 kv should be installed at each substation for a gas insulated substation, and the main distribution system configuration should adopt double bas bar and two bank system to ensure high reliability. All electrical facilities, considering dusts, etc., should be installed in the building except step-down transformers. The latter may be located outside the building, considering ambient conditions and possible circumstances, to be examined by a feasibility study, of 110/220 kv interconnection cables. Building facilities should adopt an energy saving type such as heat pumping system, etc. The distribution network for 20 kv should be designed, considering several distribution stations with remote control capability, minimum 10 feeders, and minimum capacity of 20 MVA and adoption of loop connections by cables as much as possible. The following points should also be taking into consideration. 1) A link system should be applied for load transfer with adequate section points on the link to minimize the distribution losses. 2) Loads among feeders should be balanced. 3) Conductor size should be standardized with specifications. 4) Adequate conductor size should be selected considering future demand for at least 10 years. 3-3

22 5) The capacity of interconnection lines may be determined for 66 % load as normal peak load considering emergency power supply. 6) Priority feeders should be considered for load shedding in case of emergency. Figure 3.3 shows a conceptual power network for the new city, where the main step-down transformer capacity may be selected for 60/80 MVA (ONAN/ONAF) considering actual load density. Figure 3.3 Conceptual Power Network Configuration for New City Implementation schedule Implementation schedule for the construction of substations and associated distribution networks has been prepared for Phase 1, Phase 2 and Phase 3 as shown in Figures 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6. They cover the following: 1) 220kV Bagram substation, 110kV Dehsabz South substation and distribution network 2) 220kV Paymonar and Dehsabz North substations and distribution network 3) 220kV Bagram substation and distribution network Facilities and equipment necessary for the power supply system for new city Facilities and equipment necessary for the power supply system for the new city have been determined for each substation as summarized in Table 3.3. Details of facilities and equipment necessary for the power supply system for the new city are given in Tables 3.4, 3.5, 3,6, 3.7 and 3.8, covering the Bagram substation, Dehsabz north junction station, Dehsabz south substation, Paymonar substation and equipment Investment schedule for power supply system for new city An investment schedule for power supply system for the new city has been prepared as summarized in Table 3.9. The investment schedule for each substation is given in Tables 3.10 through

23 Source: JICA Study Team Figure 3.4 Implementation Schedule for Power Supply System for New City, Phase 1 3-5

24 Source: ibid. Figure 3.5 Implementation Schedule for Power Supply System for New City, Phase 2 3-6

25 Source: ibid. Figure 3.6 Implementation Schedule for Power Supply System for New City, Phase 3 3-7

26 Table 3.3 Facilities and Equipment for Power Supply System for the New City: Summary No. Description Unit Phase-I Phase-II Phase-III Total Specifications (1) 220 kv System 1 220/20 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire 2 220/110 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, kv GIS Bay ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: kv CB Lot SF6, 1250 A, 31.5 ka (1-sec) 5 LS (3-phases) Lot Motor operation 6 LA (3-phases) Lot With SC for each phase 7 VT (3-phases) Lot Class: CT (3-phases) Lot Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 9 Control and Protection Panels Lot (2) 110 kv System 1 110/20 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, kv GIS Lot ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: LS (3-phases) Lot Motor operation 4 LA (3-phases) Lot With SC for each phase 5 VT (3-phases) Lot Class: CT (3-phases) Lot Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 7 Control and Protection Panels Lot (3) 20 kv System (Switchgear: SWGR) 1 Main SWGR Set Distribution SWGR Set Control and Protection Panels Lot (4) Common System 1 AC 400/230 V Facilities Lot DC 110 V Facilities Lot UPS Lot Common Supervisory Panel Lot Communication System Lot Double Bus-bars, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Single Bus-bar, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Including outdoor lightings, etc. Dual system Dual system, Battery capacity shall be Min. 1-hour Dual system (5) Substation and/or JS Building Lot Building facilities including fire s Remarks: 1) 2) All electrical facilities shall have SCADA provision. Enough future spaces for Phase-I & II shall be proveded in Phase-I. 3-8

27 Table 3.4 Facilities and Equipment for Bagram Substation No. Description Unit Phase-I Phase-II Phase-III Total Specifications (1) 220 kv System 1 220/20 kv Transformer Set /110 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, kv GIS Bay ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: kv CB Lot SF6, 1250 A, 31.5 ka (1-sec) 5 LS (3-phases) Lot Motor operation 6 LA (3-phases) Lot With SC for each phase 7 VT (3-phases) Lot Class: CT (3-phases) Lot Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 9 Control and Protection Panels Lot (2) kv System 110/20 kv Transformer Set kv GIS Lot LS (3-phases) Lot LA (3-phases) Lot VT (3-phases) Lot CT (3-phases) Lot Control and Protection Panels Lot (3) 20 kv System (Switchgear: SWGR) 1 Main SWGR Set Distribution SWGR Set Control and Protection Panels Lot (4) Common System 1 AC 400/230 V Facilities Lot DC 110 V Facilities Lot UPS Lot Common Supervisory Panel Lot Communication System Lot OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, 31.5 ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: 0.5 Motor operation With SC for each phase Class: 1.0 Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X Double Bus-bars, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Single Bus-bar, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Including outdoor lightings, etc. Dual system Dual system, Battery capacity shall be Min. 1-hour Dual system (5) Substation and/or JS Building Lot Stories with crane and pressurized GIS room and building facilities including fire s Remarks: 1) All electrical facilities shall have SCADA provision. 2) Enough future spaces for Phase-I & II shall be proveded in Phase-I. 3-9

28 Table 3.5 Facilities and Equipment for Dehsabz North Junction Station No. Description Unit Phase-I Phase-II Phase-III Total Specifications (1) 220 kv System 1 220/20 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire 2 220/110 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, kv GIS Bay ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: kv CB Lot SF6, 1250 A, 31.5 ka (1-sec) 5 LS (3-phases) Lot Motor operation 6 LA (3-phases) Lot With SC for each phase 7 VT (3-phases) Lot Class: CT (3-phases) Lot Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 9 Control and Protection Panels Lot (2) 110 kv System 1 110/20 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, kv GIS Lot ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: LS (3-phases) Lot Motor operation 4 LA (3-phases) Lot With SC for each phase 5 VT (3-phases) Lot Class: CT (3-phases) Lot Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 7 Control and Protection Panels Lot (3) 20 kv System (Switchgear: SWGR) 1 Main SWGR Set Distribution SWGR Set Control and Protection Panels Lot (4) Common System 1 AC 400/230 V Facilities Lot DC 110 V Facilities Lot UPS Lot Common Supervisory Panel Lot Communication System Lot Double Bus-bars, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Single Bus-bar, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Including outdoor lightings, etc. Dual system Dual system, Battery capacity shall be Min. 1-hour Dual system (5) Substation and/or JS Building Lot Stories with crane and pressurized GIS room and building facilities including fire s Remarks: 1) 2) All electrical facilities shall have SCADA provision. Enough future spaces for Phase-I & II shall be proveded in Phase-I. 3-10

29 Table 3.6 Facilities and Equipment for Dehsabz South Substation No. Description Unit Phase-I Phase-II Phase-III Total Specifications (1) 220 kv System 1 220/20 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire 2 220/110 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire Outdoor, SF6, 1250 A, 31.5 ka kv GIS set (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: kv CB Lot SF6, 1250 A, 31.5 ka (1-sec) 5 LS (3-phases) Lot Motor operation 6 LA (3-phases) Lot With SC for each phase 7 VT (3-phases) Lot Class: CT (3-phases) Lot Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 9 Control and Protection Panels Lot (2) 110 kv System 1 110/20 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, kv GIS Lot ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: LS (3-phases) Lot Motor operation 4 LA (3-phases) Lot With SC for each phase 5 VT (3-phases) Lot Class: CT (3-phases) Lot Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 7 Control and Protection Panels Lot (3) 20 kv System (Switchgear: SWGR) 1 Main SWGR Set Distribution SWGR Set Control and Protection Panels Lot (4) Common System 1 AC 400/230 V Facilities Lot DC 110 V Facilities Lot UPS Lot Common Supervisory Panel Lot Communication System Lot Double Bus-bars, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Single Bus-bar, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Including outdoor lightings, etc. Dual system Dual system, Battery capacity shall be Min. 1-hour Dual system (5) Substation and/or JS Building Lot Stories with crane and pressurized GIS room and building facilities including fire s Remarks: 1) 2) All electrical facilities shall have SCADA provision. Enough future spaces for Phase-I & II shall be proveded in Phase-I. 3-11

30 Table 3.7 Facilities and Equipment for Paymonar Substation No. Description Unit Phase-I Phase-II Phase-III Total Specifications (1) 220 kv System 1 220/20 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire 2 220/110 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, kv GIS Bay ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: kv CB Lot SF6, 1250 A, 31.5 ka (1-sec) 5 LS (3-phases) Lot Motor operation 6 LA (3-phases) Lot With SC for each phase 7 VT (3-phases) Lot Class: CT (3-phases) Lot Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 9 Control and Protection Panels Lot (2) 110 kv System 1 110/20 kv Transformer Set OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, kv GIS Lot ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: LS (3-phases) Lot Motor operation 4 LA (3-phases) Lot With SC for each phase 5 VT (3-phases) Lot Class: CT (3-phases) Lot Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 7 Control and Protection Panels Lot (3) 20 kv System (Switchgear: SWGR) 1 Main SWGR Set Distribution SWGR Set Control and Protection Panels Lot (4) Common System 1 AC 400/230 V Facilities Lot DC 110 V Facilities Lot UPS Lot Common Supervisory Panel Lot Communication System Lot Double Bus-bars, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Single Bus-bar, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Including outdoor lightings, etc. Dual system Dual system, Battery capacity shall be Min. 1-hour Dual system (5) Substation and/or JS Building Lot Stories with crane and pressurized GIS room and building facilities including fire s Remarks: 1) All electrical facilities shall have SCADA provision. 2) Enough future spaces for Phase-I & II shall be proveded in Phase-I. 3-12

31 Table 3.8 Associated Equipment for Power Supply System for the New City A: Transmission Lines No. From To Unit Phase-I Phase-II Phase-III Total kv Transmission Line: ACSR: 300 mm 2 (1) Double circuits 1) Plu-e-Khumri S/S Bagram S/S [km] ) Chimtala S/S Paymanor S/S [km] Sub-total (2) Single circuit 1) Charikal S/S Bagram S/S [km] ) Baghdara HPP Bagram S/S [km] ) Paymanor S/S Bagram S/S [km] ) Paymanor S/S Dehsabz South S/S [km] Sub-total Total kv Transmission Line: ACSR: 185 mm 2 (1) Double circuits 1) Tarakhil TPP Dehsabz South S/S [km] B: 20 kv Distribution System No. From To Unit Phase-I Phase-II Phase-III Total 1 20 kv Interconnection cable (1) Main Line: 3c-240 mm 2, Cu cable 1) Bagram S/S Dehsabz North JS [km] ) Dehsabz North JS Paymanor S/S [km] ) Dehsabz North JS Dehsabz South S/S [km] ) Paymanor S/S Dehsabz South S/S [km] Sub-total (2) Sub Line: 3c-240 mm 2, Cu cable (Between FPs) 1) Bagram S/S Dehsabz North JS [km] ) Dehsabz North JS Paymanor S/S [km] ) Dehsabz North JS Dehsabz South S/S [km] ) Paymanor S/S Dehsabz South S/S [km] Sub-total Total kv Distribution Line 1) 3c-120 mm 2, Cu cable [km] ) 3c-95 mm 2, Cu cable [km] ) ACSR 185 mm 2 [km] ) ACSR 120 mm 2 [km] Total Distribution Station [Lot] Single 2,000 A Bus, CB: SF6 or VCB, 25 ka 3-sec, 10-feeders with AC/DC system and house. 4 20/ 0.4 kv Distribution Transformer 1) 1,000 kva [set] ) 630 kva [set] ) 300 kva [set] ) 100 kva [set] Total ,

32 No. Table 3.9 Investment Schedule for Power Supply System Project for the New City Unit Price [M-Yen] Description Specifications [Myen] P1 P2 P3 Total (1) 1 220/20 kv Transformer /110 kv Transformer kv GIS 600 2,400 3,600 1,800 7,800 Class of CT/VT: kv CB SF6, 1250 A, 31.5 ka (1-sec) 5 LS (3-phases) Motor operation 6 LA (3-phases) With SC for each phase 7 VT (3-phases) Class: CT (3-phases) Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 9 Control and Protection Panels ,800 3,185 5,181 2,386 10,752 (2) 110 kv System 1 110/20 kv Transformer OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, kv GIS 200 1, ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: LS (3-phases) Motor operation 4 LA (3-phases) With SC for each phase 5 VT (3-phases) Class: CT (3-phases) Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 7 Control and Protection Panels , ,006 (3) 20 kv System (Switchgear: SW Double Bus-bars, CB: SF6 or 1 Main SWGR ,000 VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Single Bus-bar, CB: SF6 or 2 Distribution SWGR VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) 3 Control and Protection Panels , ,000 (4) Common System Including outdoor lightings, etc. 1 AC 400/230 V Facilities Dual system 2 DC 110 V Facilities Dual system, Battery capacity shall be Min. 1-hour 3 UPS Dual system 4 Common Supervisory Panel Communication System ,088 Sum 7,439 6,021 2,386 15,846 (5) 220 kv System Substation and/or JS Building OLTC with AVR and fire OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, 31.5 ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Building facilities including fire s 3-14

33 Table 3.10 Investment Schedule for Bagram Substation Unit Price [M-Yen] No. Description Specifications [Myen] P1 P2 P3 Total (1) 1 220/20 kv Transformer /110 kv Transformer /20 kv Transformer kv GIS LS (3-phases) LA (3-phases) VT (3-phases) CT (3-phases) Control and Protection Panels (3) Main SWGR Distribution SWGR Control and Protection Panels (4) Common System 1 AC 400/230 V Facilities DC 110 V Facilities UPS Common Supervisory Panel Communication System Sum 4, ,386 6,411 (5) 220 kv System OLTC with AVR and fire OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, kv GIS 600 2, ,800 4, ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: kv CB SF6, 1250 A, 31.5 ka (1-sec) 5 LS (3-phases) Motor operation 6 LA (3-phases) With SC for each phase 7 VT (3-phases) Class: CT (3-phases) Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X 9 Control and Protection Panels , ,386 5,571 (2) 110 kv System 20 kv System (Switchgear: SW Substation and/or JS Building OLTC with AVR and fire Double Bus-bars, SF6, 1250 A, 31.5 ka (1-sec), Auto-reclose, Class of CT/VT: 0.5 Motor operation With SC for each phase Class: 1.0 Four (4)-cores, Class: 0.5/X Double Bus-bars, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Single Bus-bar, CB: SF6 or VCB, 2,000 A bus, 25 ka (3- sec) Including outdoor lightings, etc. Dual system Dual system, Battery capacity shall be Min. 1-hour Dual system 2-Stories with crane and pressurized GIS room and building facilities including fire s 3-15