Converting Block A Building (Bapu GKV Campus) into Zero Waste Campus

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1 IJIRST International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology Volume 5 Issue 2 July 2018 ISSN (online): Converting Block A Building (Bapu GKV Campus) into Zero Waste Campus Shadabkhan Pathan BE Student Department of Civil Engineering SVBIT, Vasan, Gandhinagar, India Dhaval M. Patel Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering SVBIT, Vasan, Gandhinagar, India Abhijitsinh Parmar Head of Department Department of Civil Engineering SVBIT, Vasan, Gandhinagar, India Abstract Our project is about zero waste campus, a feasibility study. Zero Waste means that all unwanted products and materials will be treated as resources that can be used again, resulting in virtually zero garbage generated on campus. This project focusses on reducing overall waste disposal as part of zero waste action plan. Waste reduction in the campus and reuse of waste like using anaerobic digester to generate biogas from campus waste are the key goals of the present study. Our aim is to achieve campus area that is clean and hygienic, and reduce the burden of solid waste in dump yards. Zero Waste Management should include discard management through recycling and composting, and also must incorporate waste reduction and environmentally preferred purchasing practices. Zero Waste means designing and managing products and processes to systematically to avoid and eliminate the volume and toxicity of waste and materials, conserve and recover all resources, and not burn or bury them. Keywords: Environmentally, Feasibility, Zero Waste, Disposal Zero Waste I. INTRODUCTION Zero Waste means designing and managing products and processes to systematically avoid and eliminate the volume and toxicity of waste and materials, conserve and recover all resources, and not burn or bury them. Basic Introduction about Zero Waste Campus Zero Waste is a goal that is ethical, economical, efficient and visionary, to guide people in changing their lifestyles and practices to emulate sustainable natural cycles, where all discarded materials are designed to become resources for others to use.zero Waste means designing and managing products and processes to systematically avoid and eliminate the volume and toxicity of waste and materials, conserve and recover all resources, and not burn or bury them. Implementing Zero Waste will eliminate all discharges to land, water or air that are a threat to planetary, human, animal or plant health. Study Area The aim of this study is to convert the Bapu GKV Campus into a zero waste campus by suggesting effective methods of waste management which is done by conducting a detailed study of the solid and liquid waste generated in the campus. There are eight blocks A, C, D, E, F, CIVIL, Canteen, Boy s hostel, girl s hostel, workshop and animal house, that we conduct an audit. There are three floors and basement in A, C, D, E, F, CIVIL, Boy s hostel, girl s hostel. I have conducted waste collection data for block and carried out research for the same. The plan of the blocks is stated below. All rights reserved by 28

2 Plan (Block-A) Fig. 1: Plan (Block-A) II. OBJECTIVE The zero waste campus is a R3 (reduce, reuse and recycle) educational campaign, designed to increase waste diversion and awareness. Create awareness about waste segregation at source, Conduct a waste audit of campus to study the existing waste disposal pattern. Take collective action against waste production and disposal, providing access to environmental education III. PROBLEM Types of waste generated in campus: The most of the paper waste is generated in the A, C, D, E, F, and Civil. And most of the plastic waste is generated in the boy s hostel, girl s hostel and canteen. The maximum, plastic waste is generated in the canteen. The food waste also generated in canteen. Paper Waste The amount of paper waste generated in campus is maximum among total waste generation. It is recyclable material. Fig. 2: Paper Waste All rights reserved by 29

3 ( =X&ved=0ahUKEwiwpICzicnPAhXHgI8KHaqwAlIQ_AUIBigB#imgrc=w-ydbxwdRWQG-M%3A) Plastic Waste Maximum amount of plastic waste is generated in the canteen area of the campus. It includes different types of materials like waffers packet,plastic bottles, tea cups etc. These all are recyclable eccept silver coated plastic. Fig. 3: Plastic Waste Fig. 4: Plastic Waste Food Waste Food waste is generated in canteen area of the campus. Leftover food from canteen and vegetable cuttings are collected by local cowherds to feed their livestock. Fig. 5: Food Waste Fig. 6: Food Waste E Waste E waste means waste of electrical and electronic devices. In e waste include computers, LCD screen, cooling appliances, mobile phones etc. All rights reserved by 30

4 Fig. 7: E Waste Source of image ( =isch&sa=x&ved=0ahukewiclpoaisnpahxjui8khvqecmsq_auibigb&dpr=1#imgrc=id1l4ueqtavu3m%3a) Audit Forecasting Data Table 1 Date Result Date Result Date Result Date Result Date Result Average Khambha Composter IV. POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS Ideal for individual homes to compost in flats, apartments and tight spaces. Every installed 3 T Kambha keeps about 15 kgs of waste from landfill / month (360 kgs / year). Layer your kitchen waste with Remix Powder daily for smell free and fool proof composting. For outdoor use only. For use on a balcony, terrace or garden. Requires a sheltered area away from direct rain (or use our Kambha raincoat large). Holes in the surface and porosity of terracotta regulates moisture and airflow optimally. Harvest compost every time the base unit is full (about every 6 weeks). Rodent proof. Handcrafted terracotta, made by artisan communities. Its modular design makes replacement of parts simple and cost effective. Leaf Composter Fig. 8: Khambha Composter Leaf composters are a great place to begin composting, if you haven't already, because they don't need much maintenance. Just add all your leaves and garden litter into the composter and water it daily. If you add accelerator daily, you will get your first All rights reserved by 31

5 harvest in 4 months. (Diluted cowdung, microbes, EM are all great accelerators). The design of the product allows for easy harvesting. A large landscape with many types of trees will need many of these to ensure that no garden clippings and leaves leave the site. Yes you can add branches and palms, make sure you cut them down to size. Gardeners value leaf compost highly for use in lawns. It can reduce the landfilling of garden waste. Biogas Plant Fig. 9: Leaf Composter Plastic Tank Biogas Plant a) Materials Used Plastic Tank, Feedstock Inlet, Reside Outlet, Floating Tank, Rubber for Sealing b) Tools List Jigsaw, Welding Machine, Hammer, Chisel, Tap Measure, Marker Pen. According to Sintex industrial Ltd probable Cost of 4 cubic meter Capacity plant around 70,000 rs, without the excavation work. RCC Biogas Plant a) Design Criteria for RCC Biogas Plant Volume of Tank Food Waste 45kg + Water 45kg = 90kg Input for six Week = 90*42 =3990kg 1000kg =1 cubic meter Therefor 3780kg = cubic meter Hence, Minimum capacity of tank is 3.7 cubic meter. Paper Recycling Unit Fig. 10: RCC Biogas Plant Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. The primary raw material for the paper production is pulps fibres obtaining by a complicated chemical process from natural materials, mainly from wood. This fibres production is very All rights reserved by 32

6 energy demanding and at the manufacturing process there are used many of the chemical matters which are very problematic from view point of the environment protection. The paper recycling, simplified, means the repeated deferring, grinding and drying, when there are altered the mechanical properties of the secondary stock, the chemical properties of fibres, the polymerization degree of pulp polysaccharide components, mainly of cellulose, their supramolecular structure, the morphological structure of fibres, range and level of inter fibres bonds. Paper recycling saves the natural wood raw stock, decreases the operation and capital costs to paper unit, decrease water consumption and last but not least this paper processing gives rise to the environment preservation. In campus annually paper waste is generated around 7 tones. Waste Generated in the Campus V. CONCLUSION After the present study it was found that the amount of waste generated in the Bapu GKV campus is as mentioned below Table 2 Type of Waste Amount of Waste Unsegregated solid Waste tone/year Wet Waste tone/day Current Waste Disposal Practices At present the Paper waste is directly sold in market every six months. Garden waste like dry leaves is accumulated in the area behind the girl s hostel and is burnt on a regular basis. Wet waste generated in the canteen is given to the local cattle herds on a daily basis. Other waste like dry waste from different buildings is burnt off. It is found that it is possible to convert Bapu GKV campus to a zero waste campus. All rights reserved by 33