SUMMER CAMP OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES AGRI-KNOWS PROJECT

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1 SUMMER CAMP OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES AGRI-KNOWS PROJECT Ema, Eva, Nina, Anže, Nicolo, Nik

2 INTRODUCTION WHAT WE DID? At the beginning of the week we listened to presentations of our hosts and so we found out what we are going to do and explore. Aims of the camp and also of the project were to transfer the knowledge about different types of pollutants in the soil, especially pesticides and nutrients. Our mainly pesticide was imidacloprid, which is used for treating plants against insects. Imidacloprid belongs to group of neonikotinoids, which effects on target organisms, on insects, because they have different nervous system.

3 In the market we can find it under different names and brands (Prestige, Confidor, ). Nutrients are necessary for growth of plants. Plants require 16 different elements. Some are absorbed from soil in large quantities (N, K, P, Ca, S, Mg ). Farmers and particulary hobby gardeners want the best for their plants, so that they would grow well they use lots of fertilizers. Because this group of people exaggerate, soil may become full of some substances. The problem become when this substances come in water bodies. There starts a process of evtrofication. With this algaes starts to grow and cover the surface of water. As a result there is less oxygen and sunlight which step by step leads to death of water organisms.

4 Our researching of polutants in soil was devided on four days. First day we visitted Biotehnical school of Nova Gorica, where we collected soil samples. We analized them on Tuesday at KGZ Nova Gorica. There we measured ph, potassium and phosphorus. On Wednesday and Thursday we worked at University of Nova Gorica where worked with imidacloprid and nutrients in soil. ph measuring on field (Biotehnical school). Work in a laboratory (UNG).

5 Diary of the day one.

6 Project Agri-Knows Cross border project between Slovenia and Italy Pollution because of Agriculture Education about pesticides Aknowledging problem of polluted environment

7 Day 1 Schedule Lecture about project Agri-knows Lecture about pesticides Taking samples of soil around Biotechnical school s campus (zucchini, peas, american blueberries, apples, peaches and apricots) Preparation of soil colones in university lab Ph measurements (two times)

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9 TUESDAY The Agricultural Institute

10 Preparation of soil samples from biotechnical school Crushing + cleaning of samples with machine

11 Measuring of ph Prepare the solution of dh2o + soil plastic flesk Measure ph with electrode Sample number Plant ph 1 Pumpkin Peas American blueberry Apple Peach Apricot 5.35

12 Measuring of phosphorus (P) Concentration depends on the intensity of the blue color (amon molibdate solution) Filtrate the solution Spectrofotometry Result: mg [P]/100 g [soil]

13 Measuring of potassium (K) Method of AAS atomic absorption Prepare the solution filtration measurment with AAS Results: mg [K] / 100 g [soil]

14 Measuring of organic carbon Prepare the solution of soil, cromatic + sulphuric acid and dh2o green colour of solution Measure the intensity of green colour with spectrofotometer

15 SET UP OF EXPERIMENTS Nicola David Summer School Nova Gorica, 06-11/07/2014

16 Microcosms experimental Aim: Study of the behavior of N and imdacloprid in the soil. NH 4 + NO 2 - NO 3 -

17 Experimental setup Thesis: 1: imidacloprid 2: ammonium nitrate 3: control

18 Experimental setup soils: 1. agricultural soil (from biotechnical school) 2. forest soil (nova gorica) 6 colums 4 elutions with 500 ml of water every ca. 1 h

19 Methodology: Imidacloprid added 1.77 g/m Kg/Ha In 150 ml laboratory beaker weigh g imidacloprid and add 10 ml of acetonitrile. The solution transfer into 500 ml flask and fill it with deionized water. Ammonium nitrate added 0.8 g/m 2 8 Kg/Ha 30 mg/l of nitrate and 8.7mg/L of ammonium In laboratory beaker weigh g ammonium nitrate and dissolved in water, the solution transfer into 500 ml flask. Control We put just water without any other compound, because we wanted to se if the soil is contaminated with imidacloprid before and original content of NO 3 - NH 4 +

20 RESULTS Prepared by: Eva Gričar and Ema Odra Raščan Nova Gorica, July 2014

21 Površina kromatografskega vrha [mau*s] Calibration curve for imidacloprid Umeritvena krivulja za imidakloprid y = x R² = Koncentracija [mg/l]

22 koncentracija [mg/l] Rinsing imidacloprid from column 1: soil from the orchard 7 Izpiranje imidakloprida iz kolone 1: zemlja iz sadovnjaka frakcija 2.frakcija 3.frakcija 4.frakcija Frakcije

23 Koncentracija [mg/l] Rinsing imidacloprid from column 2: soil from the forest 0.07 Izpiranje imidakloprida iz kolone 2: zemlja iz gozda frakcija 2. frakcija 3. frakcija 4. frakcija Frakcije

24 Površina kromatografskega vrha [mau*s] Calibration curve for nitrate UMERITVENA KRIVULJA ZA NITRAT y = 40540x R² = Koncentracija [mg/l]

25 Koncentracija [mg/l] Rinsing nitrate from column 3: soil from the orchard 1400 Izpiranje nitrata iz kolone 3: zemlja iz sadovnjaka frakcija 2. frakcija 3. frakcija 4. frakcija Frakcije

26 Koncentracija [mg/l] Koncentracija [mg/l] Rinsing nitrate from the 4 th column: soil from the forest Izpiranje nitrata iz kolone 4: zemlja iz gozda frakcija 2. frakcija 3. frakcija 4. frakcija Frakcija frakcija 2. frakcija 3. frakcija 4. frakcija Frakcija

27 Koncentracija [mg/l] Comparison of rinsing the nitrate from the 3 rd column with the control Primerjava izpiranja nitrata iz 3. kolone s kontrolo frakcija 2. frakcija 3. frakcija 4. frakcija Frakcija

28 Koncentracija [mg/l] Comparison of rinsing the nitrate from the 4 th column with the control Primerjava izpiranja nitrata iz 4. kolone s kontrolo frakcija 2. frakcija 3. frakcija 4. frakcija Frakcija

29 Absorbanca [AU] Calibration curve ammonium ion UMERITVENA KRIVULJA ZA AMONIJ y = x R² = , , , , , Koncentracija [mg/l]

30 Koncentracija [mg/l] Rinsing ammonium ion from column 3: soil from the orchard 12 Izpiranje amonija iz kolone 3: zemlja iz sadovnjaka kolona (zemlja iz sadovnjaka) Kontrola frakcija 2. frakcija 3. frakcija 4. frakcija Frakcija

31 Koncentracija [mg/l] Rinsing ammonium ion from column 4: soil from the forest Izpiranje amonija iz kolone 4: zemlja iz gozda Kolona 4 - zemlja iz gozda Kontrola frakcija 2. frakcija 3. frakcija 4. frakcija Frakcija

32 DISCUSSION WITH CONCLUSIONS OBTAINING KNOWLEDGE OF POLLUTANTS FROM AGRICULTURE GETTING SKILLS IN EXPERIMENTAL FIELD AND LABORATORY WORK GETTING KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

33 AGRI-KNOWS Knowledge transfer in agriculture as an added value in protecting the environment Hvala za vašo pozornost! Grazie per l attenzione! Projekt je sofinanciran v okviru Programa čezmejnega sodelovanja Slovenija-Italija iz sredstev Evropskega sklada za regionalni razvoj in nacionalnih sredstev Progetto finanziato nell'ambito del Programma per la Cooperazione Transfrontaliera Italia- Slovenia , dal Fondo europeo di sviluppo regionale e dai fondi nazional. Ministero dell'economia e delle Finanze