June 7, 2017 Regional Capacity-Building Workshop, Singapore. Jae H. Jung

Transcription

1 June 7, 2017 Regional Capacity-Building Workshop, Singapore Jae H. Jung

2 Table of Contents 1 2 UNFCCC BUR Guideline Mitigation Action Reporting : Examples 3 Korean Experience 4 Transition : From MRV To Transparency

3 UNFCCC BUR Guideline Source : FCCC/CP/2011/9/Add.1, Annex III

4 UNFCCC BUR Guideline Source : FCCC/AWGLCA/2011/INF.1

5 UNFCCC BUR Guideline BR/IAR BUR/ICA Entities AI NAI M R (1) Information on GHG emissions and trends (2) Quantified economy-wide emission reduction target (3) Progress in achievement of quantified economy-wide emission reduction targets and relevant information (4) Projections (5) Provision of financial, technological and capacity-building support to developing country Parties * BR + Common Tabular Format (Table 1 ~ 9) (1) Updates of national GHG inventories (2) Mitigation actions (a) Description of actions (quantitative goals, indicators?) (b) Methodologies and assumptions (c) Objectives and Steps taken (d) Progress of mitigation implementation (e) Information on int l market mechanism (3) Finance, technology and capacity-building needs and support received * Parties are encouraged to use a tabular format. V (1) Technical Review (2) Multilateral Assessment (1) Technical Analysis (2) Facilitative Sharing of Views Source : FCCC/CP/2011/9/Add.1, Annex I, III

6 Reference : CTF in BR Table 1(a)~(d) : Emission Trend(6 GHGs by Category) - 6 GHGs by 7 categories + memo items Table 2(a)~(f) : Description of the Quantified Economy-Wide Emission Reduction Targets - Base year, Gas & sector covered, Metrics(GWP), Accounting for emissions and removals from LULUCF, Market-based mechanisms under the Convention(CERs, ERUs, AAUs, Carry-over units, Other market-based mechanisms, Any other information Table 3 : Progress in achievement of the QEWERTs: information on mitigation actions and effects Table 4(a)~(b) : Reporting on progress - Contribution from LULUCF, Quantity of units from market-based mechanisms Table 5 : Summary of key variables and assumptions used in the projections analysis - population, household, GDP, energy price, and etc. Table 6(a)~(c) : Information on updated GHG projections under with measures, without measures, and additional measures scenarios - by year, sector, GHG Table 7 : Provision of public financial support Table 8 : Provision of technology development and transfer support Table 9 : Provision of capacity-building support Source : Common Tabular Format (CTF)

7 Mitigation Actions Reporting : Examples (a) Name and description of the mitigation actions, including information on the nature of the action, coverage (i.e. sectors and gases), quantitative goals and progress indicators e.g. Expansion of renewables in electricity generation, 20% by 2020 (MW or MWh) (b) Information on methodologies and assumptions e.g. data and modeling technique (national electricity statistics and LEAP modeling?) (c) Objective of the action and steps taken and envisaged to achieve that action e.g. To reduce GHGs, to enact the domestic law, to follow other key procedures (d) Information on the progress of implementation of the mitigation actions and the underlying steps taken or envisaged, and the results achieved, such as estimated outcomes (metrics depending on type of action) and estimated emission reductions, to the extent possible e.g. 12.5% by 2014 (TPES) achieved? <-> MWh generated? <-> tco2-eq. reduced? (e) Information on int l market mechanisms e.g. JI, CDM, or other projects (credits generated?)

8 Mitigation Actions Reporting : Examples Sector Key Indicators Sector Key Indicators Share of renewable output Transformation (Power Supply) Share of nuclear energy output Capacity share Carbon intensity Zero-carbon share CCS capacity Building (cont ) Per capita energy use by source Per capita CO2 emission Appliance energy efficiency target Energy intensity Industry Carbon intensity Electrification rate Agriculture GHG emissions per agriculturalland GHG emissions per animal Fuel substitution Per capita energy use by source Per capita CO2 emission Total waste per capita Transport Vehicle fuel economy standard Waste Share of waste recycled, composted or (Green car) Zero-carbon car share incinerated with energy recovery measures Contribution share of public transit Energy intensity Building Enhancement of building code Appliance energy efficiency Forestry Share of forestry land Indicators for biodiversity Share of LED

9 Korean Experience NC1 (FEB 12, 1998) NC2 (DEC 1, 2003) NC3 (MAR 20, 2012) BUR1 (DEC 29, 2014) BUR2 (4Q, 2017)

10 Korean Experience NIR 2011 NIR 2012 NIR 2013 NIR 2014 NIR 2015 NIR 2016 ROADMAP 2011 ROADMAP 2014 ROADMAP 2016 제 1 차기후변화대응기본계획및 2030 국가온실가스감축기본로드맵

11 Korean Experience 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s Forest Statistics by KFS - Report from local forest office, yearly Agriculture and Fisheries Statistics by Statistics Korea (SK) - Complete survey, every 5 yrs 1961 National Electricity Statistics by KEPCO - Report from power generation companies and plants, yearly 1964 Trade Statistics by Korea Customs Service (KCS) - Report from regional customs office, monthly 1975 Mining Production Statistics by MKE - Report from companies, monthly 1981 National Forest Resource Survey by KFS - Sample survey + interview, every 5 yrs 1981 National Energy Survey by MKE & KEEI - Sample survey + interview, every 3 yrs 1986 Energy Balance by KEEI - Report from relevant associations, corporations, and companies, monthly (yearly from 1983) 1994 Oil Demand and Supply Statistics by KNOC - Report from gas station to relevant associations, monthly 1996 National Waste Statistics by MoE - Sample survey + interview, every 5 yrs

12 Korean Experience 1960s ~ 2000s Aug ~ 09.Jun/ Joint research team established for GHG emission projection (BAU scenarios) - 8 institutes including KEEI, KIER, KEI and etc. participated for 10 months - energy modeling(markal) and economic modeling(cge) - 6 sectors and 10 sub-sectors Feb/ Presidential Committee on Green Growth(PCGG) established Jul/ Nat l Strategy for Green Growth and 5-year Implementation Plan announced Aug/ Review Committee selected 3 scenarios and announced by PCGG - 21%, 27%, and 30% reduction for low carbon development Aug ~ Oct/ over 80 times of public hearings for 3 months - 2 intensive special discussions - industries(over 30 times), NGOs and citizens(44 times) - public opinion poll(2 times) Nov/ National voluntary mid-term reduction target (NAMA) for 2020 set Jun/ GIR established by the enforcement of the Framework Act on LCGG Jun ~ 2011.Apr/ Mitigation potential analysis through modeling for 11 months - various modeling tool for scientific comparison(leap, MESSAGE, AIM,) - 7 sectors and 25 sub-sectors - designed low carbon development paths by year Apr ~ Jun/ Sectoral sub-target setting and Mitigation Roadmap published - GIR and relevant ministries - over 30 times of public hearing from experts and ministries Mar/ Target Management Scheme(TMS) - 1 st performance plan submitted by controlled entities to GIR (May) Dec/ GIR started publishing annual National Inventory Report (NIR) Jan/ Mitigation Roadmap (updated) published Jan/ Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) implemented Jun/ Institutional arrangement for climate change response reformed (+ INDC for 2030 submitted)

13 Korean Experience Reliable data is the key for modelling analysis with regard to (1) GHG reduction target setting, (2) tracking the progress of implementation, and (3) managing mitigation pathways towards the target

14 Reference : Various Modelling Tools

15 Korean Experience Source : 1 st Biennial Update Report, Republic of Korea (2014)

16 Transition : From MRV To Transparency Source : Paris Agreement (Article 13)

17 Transition : From MRV To Transparency Source : APA 1-3, Item 5, Informal Note by Co-Facilitators

18 Transition : From MRV To Transparency Source : WRI(2017), Mapping the Linkages between the Transparency Framework and Other Provisions of the Paris Agreement

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