Assessment of air quality measures in Helsinki. Mikko Savolahti Finnish Environment Institute

Transcription

1 Assessment of air quality measures in Helsinki Mikko Savolahti Finnish Environment Institute

2 The National Energy and Climate Strategy for 2030 & Impact Assessment Fine particle concentrations in 2015 (left) and 2030 (right)

3 The National Energy and Climate Strategy for 2030 & Impact Assessment Use of primary energy in 2015 and [PJ] 2030 WEM [PJ] 2030 WAM [PJ] Energy production and industrial combustion Coal and coke Peat Wood, waste Black liquor Oil Gas Industrial processes Residential combustion Wood combustion Road transport Off-road and machinery Sum

4 The National Energy and Climate Strategy for 203 Goals in WAM (With Additional Measures) Attain the EU targets for 2030 and set the course for achieving an 85-90% reduction in GHG emissions by 2050 Measures Phasing out of coal use Increasing the share of biofuels in transport to 30% Increasing the share of biofuels in machinery and residential oil combustion to 10% Increasing the number of electric and gas-powered vehicles to and Improving the system level efficiency of the electricity market Granting aid to cost-effective new electricity production from renewable energy Improving the efficiency of residential wood combustion

5 The National Energy and Climate Strategy for 2030 & Impact Assessment Emissions of air some air pollutants in 2015 and 2030 Primary PM2.5 [kton] WAM SO2 [kton] NOx [kton] Primary PM2.5 [kton] SO2 [kton] NOx [kton] Energy production and industrial combustion Industrial processes Residential combustion Road transport Off-road and machinery Road dust Other sources Sum

6 The National Energy and Climate Strategy for 2030 & Impact Assessment Number of annual premature deaths due to exposure to fine particles 2015 WEM 2030 WAM 2030 Current population Expected population Current population Expected population Energy production and industry Residential combustion Road traffic Off-road and machinery Road dust Other sources Sum of primary emissions Transboundary emissions Total Secondary particles from other Finnish towns

7 Environmental impact assessment of airborne particulate matter: the effects of abatement and management strategies (BATMAN) A three year research project ( ) Participants: National Institute for Health and Welfare, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Finnish Environment Institute

8 Cost-efficiency of emission reduction Measures for residential wood combustion* Unit cost of emission reduction [ /kg] PM 2.5 EcoDesign 35 Requirements for sauna stoves 17 Informational campaign Additional measures to boilers 29 -installing accumulator tanks 3 -installing ESPs 45 Measures for road dust** PM 10 Dust binding 2 10 Street cleaning Measures for medium combustion plants PM 2.5 ESPs & cyclones 20 * Savolahti M., Karvosenoja N., Tissari J., Kupiainen K., Sippula O. & Jokiniemi J Black carbon and fine particle emissions in Finnish residential wood combustion: Emission projection, reduction measures and the impact of combustion practices. Atmospheric Environment 140 (2016) DOI: /j.atmosenv **

9

10 Background Traffic emissions (nitrogen dioxide), street dust (respirable particles PM 10 ) and small-scale wood burning (PM 2,5 and carcinogenic benzo(a)pyrene) have the most significant impacts on the air quality in Helsinki The most problematic areas are the busy street canyons the annual limit value of NO 2 exceeded and also PM 10 and PM 2,5 values are high especially during spring time Small-scale wood burning reduces air quality in densely built single-family housing areas, where the EU's target value for carcinogenic benzo(a)pyrene is at times exceeded. Also the levels of fine particles (PM 2,5 ) may also sometimes be as high as or even higher than in busy inner city traffic areas.

11

12

13

14

15 Development of NO 2 concentrations in different scenarios by 2024 (HSY)

16

17

18

19

20 Thank you Contact info: Finnish environment institute SYKE