International Experience: MSW Solutions for Urban Centres in India Waste-to-Energy Options

Transcription

1 7/09/0 International Experience: MSW Solutions for Urban Centres in India Waste-to-Energy Options Hyderabad - CII September 0 DR PORST INTERNATIONAL Environmental Consulting Bangalore INDIA Urban Centre Daily MSW generation CURRENT SITUATION MSW India: Approach not up-to-date Garbage transport Currently no further treatment of waste at existing landfills & no capping (inadequate management) Negative environmental impact, health risks Neighbour protests against existing landfills No land for more landfills available Avoid / Abandon landfilling Re-claim areas of existing landfills Existing landfills Daily MSW generation Anaerobic Treatment Composting Garbage transport Bio-degradables Solution for MSW: Garbage transport SEGREGATION Inerts URBAN BIO-MINING Non-bio-degradables RDF WASTE INCINERATION Waste-to-Energy German TECHNOLOGY Existing landfills Capping landfills - No odour, dust, etc. -Leachate minimisation - No environmental impact - Less health risks Important Issues & Requirements Challenging Indian conditions: High moisture content Varying MSW composition Fluctuating quantities Calorific value low Inconsistencies in waste delivery Climate (dry / wet waste) Unskilled labourers Decentralised solutions needed Segregation: yes or no System capabilities: Highly flexible systems High energy co-generation Sturdy equipment Largely simple technology Automated but not too much Technical robustness Long-life cycle Same systems for unsegregated waste or RDF Low footprint Incineration (W-t-E Systems) Made in Germany LOCATION & CAPACITIES OF W--E PLANTS IN GERMANY Technologies applied: 9% of waste - W-t-E - Incineration with energy recovery Most advanced State-of-the art Most recent technology 00 % Environment friendly through zero emission Full air pollution control In line with all German and EU- Standards Residues for re-use, not for landfilling Small decentralised plants Very long life time, sturdy & stable plants Small Footprint (- ac) Energy Co-generation (heat, steam, hot water, electricity) Technically suitable & economically viable All kinds of incinerable waste MSW, HW, BMW, etc. Very high flexibility Fully sustainable World-wide usage 6

2 P0 7/09/0 Energy production of German WE plants (without RDF) Waste management: the European strategy 0 plants combined heat and electric power 0 plants only electric power 9 plants* only heat or process steam *) 7 plants delivering steam to neighbouring manufacturing plant increase/decrease value to 008 heat exp. [mil MWh] % Generator output [MW] % Power prod. [mil MWh] % Power exp. [mil MWh] % EU waste directive: Hierarchic approach: prevention // reuse // recycling // recovery // disposal German implementation: Source separation, e.g. packaging, paper, glass, WEEE Generation of secondary raw materials, e.g. glass, paper, plastics, scrap, metals, bio-materials, textiles Untreated municipal waste banned from landfilling since 00 Energy recovery of remaining residual waste Production of refuse derived fuels (RDF) and secondary recovered fuel (SRF) Waste-to-energy and recycling in Europe 008 Combustion: drying, gasification, oxidation Start of drying process Waste-toenergy and recycling do not interfere End of drying, gasification and start of primary combustion, Primary combustion: conversion of solid organic matter into gases Complete oxidation of organic matter Secondary combustion: Oxidation of gasesous matter with additional combustion air 0 Incineration (W-t-E Systems) Made in Germany Big W-t-E Plants Most advanced State-of-the art Most recent technology 00 % Environment friendly through zero emission Full air pollution control In line with all German and EU- Standards Residues for re-use, not for landfilling Small decentralised plants Very long life time, sturdy & stable plants Small Footprint (- ac) Energy Co-generation (heat, steam, hot water, electricity) Technically suitable & economically viable All kinds of incinerable waste MSW, HW, BMW, etc. Very high flexibility Fully sustainable World-wide usage The Nuremberg plant: Location: Downtown Nürnberg Operation since: 00 Troughput: t/y. Products: Steam Customers: Local power company, district heating

3 7/09/0 Small Decentralised Modular Plants Recently Developed by a German Company Michaelis Energy from Waste Systems Incinerator / Boiler Systems Taylor made for moved bed incinerators Waste Incineration Energy Recovery Clean Air Technology ENERGY RECOVERY MICHAELIS Decentralised W-t-E Plant Hanoi Vietnam 00 & 000 TPD (recently contracted) 6 ENERGY RECOVERY Optimised Energy Utilisation by Cogeneration ~- % Boiler Losses 00 % Fuel Energy ~ % Energy Utilization ~ 8-7% Electrical Output ~ % Heat Solution for Indian Urban Centres, Wards, etc. Further Losses Energy Recovery: -00 kg of industrial waste substitute about MW primary energy => equals approx. 00 l oil or about 00 m³ natural gas 7 8

4 7/09/0 Solution for de-centralised/semicentralised MSW Mgt MSW unsegregated (900-,000 kcal/kg) Addition of high calorific waste (plastics, MSW, manufacturing wastes, STP-sludge, BMW, etc.) Incineration - Waste-to-energy 00-0, 00, 000 TPD Plant MSW segregation: ) RDF (for incineration) (>,00 kcal/kg) 0% ) Compostable (bio-degradeable) for composting (fertilizer, soil conditioner) for sale ) Inerts (for re-use) KEY BENEFITS OF SMALL W-t-E Simple & rigid construction (flexible): use of standard units, modular systems Post-combustion chamber: elimination of all odour & organic matter Generation of energy: electric power production, external use of heat and steam (marketable) Low space requirement: stage incineration, integrated in housing, compact construction in containers (- acres) 00% environmental friendly: complete air pollution control, zeroemission Easy operation: automatic function control, large openings for firing and ash discharge, optionally automatic charging & de-ashing systems Low operation & maintenance costs: all important components are clearly arranged and easy accessible Made in Germany quality: extremely long-life cycle Approved and patented products: comply with various standards (DIN/EN, VDE, TUV Certified ISO 900 : 000) 0 MODULAR MUNICIPAL WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM (00 TPD unit) Process Data per Modular Unit Waste characteristics Mass flow (kg/h) Up to 8,00 Assumed calorific value (kj/kg / kcal/kg) 6,00 /,00 Incinerator Temperatures Outlet main combustion chamber ( C) approx. 90 Outlet secondary combustion chamber SCC ( C) >,00 Residence time Solids main combustion chamber (min) approx. 0 Flue gas-scc at 80 C (sec) >.0 Deliverables - Energy Possible heat production:,600 kwh/h Possible steam mass flow: t/h or Possible hot water / cooling energy / thermal oil:,600 kwh/h Possible electrical power production: approx. 0 kwh/h per t waste MODULAR MUNICIPAL WASTE TREATMENT SYSTEM (00 TPD unit) Consumables per t of waste 00 TPD unit Electrical power (KW/h / t waste): => depending on waste composition Water (m³/t waste): 0.0 Natural gas or Diesel oil (m³/h (kg/h) / t waste): 0-0 => depending on moisture content in waste Additives (kg/t waste): 0 Residuals per t of waste Ash from incinerator (kg / t waste) 0-00 => depending on ash content in waste) Filter residuals (kg / t waste): 0 Space required per line: L x W x H: x 0 x 7 m Plus storage space for waste (segregation, shredder, etc.) ac Comprehensive MSW Mgt Solutions e.g. for Urban Centres, Wards. Shredder Magnetic Separator Disc Separator / Dryers (coarse/fine fraction) Emission Control for Dryers Drum Separator Hand sorting station Bailing press for recyclables Conveyers Incinerator/gasifying System (incl feeder/deashing) Steam Boiler Steam engine / turbine Hot air exchanger Direct injection Emission Control Absorber Emission control Fan & stack Automated control system Waste-to-Energy Plant: All Components, TPD Background 0 years of experience as environmental consultant: Own company in Germany: Chemical Lab, Testing Facilities Environmental Consulting since 98 in Europe and over 0 Developing Countries Working for: Since 987: GIZ German International Cooperation (Frankfurt, New Delhi, Bangalore) Government of Bavaria, Government of Karnataka (DFEE, KSPCB) State Governments in India (CPCB, SPCBs) Pollution control in private sector companies: Industries, production sector Since 0 for German Companies on the Indian Market Since 00based in Bangalore (since 0 as Independent Consultant) Water and Waste Management, Recycling, Green Manufacturing, Technology Transfer KSPCB-HAWA Project: Hazardous Waste Management System for Karnataka - Development of TSDF (Model Landfill) for Hazardous Waste at Dobbasapete (Tumkur) 00-00

5 7/09/0 DR PORST INTERNATIONAL Environmental Consulting Bangalore INDIA THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION