Renewable Energy Deployment in Mauritius, in INDC Context

Transcription

1 Renewable Energy Deployment in Mauritius, in INDC Context Presentation by Dr. P.M.K. Soonarane Ministry of Energy & Public Utilities

2 Structure of Presentation Background- General Energy Data INDC CO2 Abatement 2030 Targets for RE Co2 mitigation option Ongoing Strategies & RE Projects for next 6 years Constraints RE Gap Potential technologies Conclusions

3 Background Data 2014 Fuel Sources Coal- 742,000 tons (90% electricity) 1.1 million tons of petroleum products Rs 31 billion CIF ($ 900 million) Electricity Generation (about 20%) Electricity Demand 2014: 446 MW/2600 GWh Demand 2030: 700 MW/4000 GWh

4 INDC CO2 Abatement 2030 BAU- 7 million tons of CO2/annum INDC 5 million ton, 30% reduction Raft of Mitigation Measures- $1.5 billion Contingent on international financial support Eg GCF, AREI? Other mechanisms

5 Mitigation Options Sector Mitigation option INDC type Mitigation in 2030 % of 2030 projected inventory Energy 10% EE by 2025 Mauritian Energy 35% RE by 2025 Mauritian Energy 35% RE in 2030 With Assistance Energy 50% RE in 2030 With Assistance Energy 50% of households using Solar Hot Water Mauritian Waste Separation and Composting Mauritian Waste Waste to energy With Assistance Energy LNG electricity generation fuel substitution With Assistance Energy LNG electricity generation fuel substitution With Assistance 25% reduction in SLCFs NA Energy Low Emissions Transport 1 With Assistance Up to Energy CNG fuel substitution With Assistance 25% reduction in SLCFs NA LULUCF Tree planting Mauritian up to 0.08 Up to 1.1 Synthetic gases Leapfrog to low GWP refrigerants With Assistance Energy Emissions free Rodrigues With Assistance

6 Targets set in 2009 (under review 2030) Percentage of Total Electricity Fuel Source Generation Renewable Bagasse 16% 13% 14% 17% Hydro 4% 3% 3% 2% Waste to 0 5% 4% 4% energy Wind 0 2% 6% 8% Solar PV 0 1% 1% 2% Geothermal % Sub-total 20% 24% 28% 35% Non-Renewable Fuel Oil 37% 31% 28% 25% Coal 43% 45% 44% 40% Sub-total 80% 76% 72% 65% Total 100% 100% 100% 100%

7 Private Sector Interest-Market sounding June 2015(Source CEB)

8 Current Subsidy to RE FIT introduced in 2010 For next years SSDG: sell surplus, after own consumption, to the CEB, sole utility Wind, hydro and PV Capacity less than 50 kw Limit set at 3 MW-scheme over Not Sustainable New SSDG Scheme of 5 MW-no FIT, but fiscal incentives More than Rs 225 million subsidy annually ($ 7m)

9 1. PV Projects EOI Interest- >190 projects; more 1300 MW 3 MW SSDG, following FIT MW SSDG on-going, no FIT 15 MW PV farm operational in GWh 10 MW (2MWx5) by end of MW (3x15) by end of MW (1-9MW) by end of GWh/MW PV remains central for 35% target in 2030 Constraints- Intermittent, Grid stability - Expensive storage Solar water heaters widely adopted-good substitution

10 2. Wind Energy June 2015 EOI 17 Projects for 197 MW total Mature technology 9 MW under commissioning 30 MW wind farm private promoter blocked by case at EAT 1.6 GWh/MW Constraints - Intermittent source of supply; eyesore, noise - Cyclones - Land Constraint- Offshore? - Penetration limited to 30% of night load - case in point in an outer island (Rodrigues) Other wind farms still an option!

11 3. Hydro Power Mature technology-59 MW Firm power Seasonality in water availability Developed almost to its full potential in Mauritius

12 4. Bagasse-Based Power Mature technology Firm power, coupled with coal Biomass cogeneration is well established in Mauritius 14% of electricity generation was from bagasse in 2015 Cane residues boiler tubes fouling Decreasing areas under cultivationpolicies to stop trend Bagasse-based power: from 380 to 500 GWh- Additional 27 MW 4 GWh/MW

13 5. Waste to Energy Waste disposal an issue EOI- 17 proposals for 257 MW 30 MW planned Procurement underway 225 GWh 7 GWh/MW

14 6. Geothermal Energy Preliminary study of the geothermal potential of Mauritius (financial support from AFD) Study, included geophysical survey and borehole drilling Results not conclusive Little hope for geothermal energy

15 Summary (Source CEB) RE Projects Capacity (MW) Annual Estimated Energy (GWh) Sarako SSDG Plaines Des Roches Plaines Sophie MSDG Solar PV Large Scale PV (3x15 MW) Solar PV (1-9 MW) MSDG (Phase 1 & 2) Waste to Energy Alteo Bagasse + Other Bagasse Plant Landfill Gas to Energy Hydro Total RE Generation WB Total Generation Forecast % Share of RE

16 RE Gap Currently 500 GWh of RE 35% of 4000 GWh-1400 GWh Additional 500 GWh with ongoing REcompleted by 2021 Gap of 400 GWh for period Options:- PV, Wind - Biomass/energy crops - Wave/offshore wind/otec - Grid stability- Batteries, GCF project Ongoing study to retain optimum options

17 Conclusions Target of 35 % RE by 2030 & 30% CO2 reduc Many RE projects up to GWh RE Gap GWh Many options Ongoing study to retain optimum options Target achievable Condition 1: Technology Transfer Condition 2: Financial support: GCF/AREI Mitigation assistance: $ 1.5 billion

18 Thank you