Lighting for Today s Sustainable World. Carla R. Bukalski, PE, LC, LEED Commercial Engineer Great Lakes

Transcription

1 Lighting for Today s Sustainable World Carla R. Bukalski, PE, LC, LEED Commercial Engineer Great Lakes

2 Sustainable Lighting Solutions Benefits: Triple Bottom Line Better Lighting Improves the Triple Bottom Line (a.k.a. Three Ps People, Planet, Profit) 1) Improved Work Environment 2) Positive Contribution to Environmental Sustainability 3) Increased Profit Bottom Line

3 What is a Sustainable Lighting Solution? High Performance Lighting that provides: Decreased overall environmental impact Significant reduction in operating costs Safety and security in all parts of your operation Increased employee productivity and health Reduced carbon footprint

4 How do we get there? Longer Lamp Life Fewer lamps purchased Lower maintenance costs Reduced raw material Fewer lamps to dispose of at end of life Reduced Use of Hazardous Materials Comply with European RoHS* directive Comply with TCLP and Universal Waste Reduced environmental impact Higher Efficacy Fewer lamps used Fewer CO2 emissions from power plants Operating costs reduced Lighting Controls Reduced energy consumption and power plant emissions Proper Disposal (Recycling) 4 Keeps mercury from being released to the environment * RoHS: Reduction of Hazardous Substances

5 Higher Efficacy and Energy Efficiency

6 Electricity Consumption Power plants burn fossil fuel to generate electricity 42% of US electricity comes from coal-burning power plants

7 How Does Lighting Fit Into An Environmental Strategy? Lighting is the single largest source of electricity use in nonresidential buildings

8 Lighting Innovation and Solid State -- LEDs Light source efficacy ( Lumen/Watt) Year of invention Metal Halide lamps High power LED Fluorescent // 1959 Incandescent Mercury Vapor lamps 1981 Halogen CFL

9 Lighting Controls

10 Specific Savings from Lighting Controls

11 Case Study Toronto General Hospital - Results Lighting energy consumption reduction of 74% Lighting energy demand reduction of 37% Personal Control capability for over 300 users Annual energy cost reduction of $47,000 or $4.50/sq. m. Simple payback from energy savings of 4 years (net payback of 3.2 years with incentives)

12 Reduced Use of Hazardous Materials

13 What is mercury? Mercury is a naturally occurring element It can neither be created nor destroyed Mercury has special properties that make it the perfect element for use in lighting When mercury is charged, it excites the phosphor in a lamp, which emits visible light

14 Brief science lesson on mercury-containing lamps Lamp begins life with pure mercury As lamp operates and ages, pure mercury is consumed Combines with the glass Combines with the phosphor Combines with the deposits on the bulb wall around the filament Combine with any other impurities in the lamp At the end, the amount not bound up is very small

15 Amount of Mercury in Low Dose lamps mg Mercury Dose

16 Fluorescent lamp performance: light output Mercury required for: Initial lumen output Maintained lumen output Pink lamp, symptomatic of mercury starvation

17 5-year Mercury Contribution Fluorescent Lamp vs. Incandescent Lamps Milligrams of mercury Hg from power plant (5 years) Mercury in lamp FO32 32W OCTRON T8 Fluorescent 4ft T8 lamp 0 Incandescent 150 watt - equivalent light output Lamp life 20,000 hrs Hg per lamp = 3.5 mg T8, 0 mg incandescent Based on fossil fuel power generation and 12 hour per day usage Emissions factors: U.S. EPA s Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database s (egrid) [1] 2007 State-Level Average All (Total) Generation Electricity Emission Factors

18 Industry Average Mercury Reduction Over Time H g m g mg 23mg 12mg 10mg 5.6mg

19 Reducing the use of heavy metals Lead-Free Manufacturing Fluorescent manufacturing - Lead-free solder - Lead-free lamps - Lead-free glass - HID manufacturing - Lead-free solder - Lead-free lamps - Lead-free glass Electronic ballast manufacturing - RoHS Compliant* - Lead-free solder - Lead-free printed circuit boards ***Meets European Union Reduction of Hazardous Substances Directive (Directive 2002/95/EC)

20 Proper Lamp Disposal

21 Lamp Recycling State disposal regulations 11 states in the US have mandatory landfill and incinerator bans Mandatory landfill bans commercial only Connecticut Florida New York Rhode Island Tennessee Mandatory landfill bans commercial and household California Maine Massachusetts Minnesota New Hampshire Vermont Requires hazardous waste disposal or recycling

22 Recycling is Just 1% of Total Cost of Lighting

23 Lamp Recycling Programs Online recycling initiatives Recycling kits for purchase Price includes delivery, box and liner, Shipping label and delivery charge, and recycling certificate Tailored program for end users Large volume pickup Discount box program Contractors Turnkey approach Lighting service and maintenance Lamp recycling included in contracts

24 Other environmental factors to consider Use of Recycled Materials Pre-consumer materials Post-consumer materials Glass, metals, mercury Packaging Transportation Cube efficiency Routing efficiency Speed management and no-idling policies Location of manufacturing and distribution centers Made in the USA

25 Life Cycle Analysis

26 Sustainable Lighting.beyond Energy Efficiency

27 Thank you Carla R. Bukalski, PE, LC, LEED AP Commercial Engineer Great Lakes