ENERGY REQUIREMENTS IN BR10

Transcription

1 ENERGY REQUIREMENTS IN BR10 - AND PROSPECTS FOR 2015 AND 2020 KIRSTEN ENGELUND THOMSEN SENIOR RESEARCHER, MSC (CIV.ENG.) DANISH BUILDING RESEARCH INSTITUTE, SBI, AALBORG UNIVERSITY

2 Agenda Building Regulation (BR) energy requirements Energy Performance Certificates Calculation tools Concerted Action EPBD SBi/AAU 2

3 Requirements for new buildings BR 2006 Introduced the plans for requirements to new buildings in 2010 and 2015 Announced tightening of 25% and 50% resp. compared with the 2006 level BR 2010 Changed requirements for new buildings slightly, both in 2010 and for 2015 Introduced plans for the 2020 building class which will be approx. 25% of the 2006 requirements

4 Development of relative energy use in new buildings (2006 = index 100). The interval for the first two columns indicates that it is not possible to give a precise value compared to the reference, as the current scale and method were different then Energy use in new buildings <

5 Energy frame for new buildings Calculated primary energy demand for heating, ventilation, domestic hot water, electricity for building operation, electricity for lighting (non-residential), system efficiency, internal energy transport, and a potential overheating (+26 ºC) penalty minus renewable energy sources (RES) contribution Standard conditions for building use One climate zone One national tool for calculating energy performance in new and existing (certification) buildings Two building types, residential and non-residential Possible to obtain an extension of the energy frame for special usage of non-residential buildings 5

6 Energy frames 1 Residential /A kwh/m² year Non-residential /A kwh/m² year /A kwh/m² year /A kwh/m² year kwh/m² year kwh/m² year 1) Primary energy for: heating, ventilation, domestic hot water, electricity for building operation, electricity for lighting (non-residential), system efficiency, internal energy transport, potential overheating penalty - RES 6

7 Primary energy factors in Denmark - fuel conversion factors 3,0 Development in Danish primary energy factors 2,5 2,0 1,5 1,0 0,5 0, Other District heating Electricity SBi/AAU 7

8 Thermal indoor climate In buildings complying with Low Energy class 2015 or Building class 2020, thermal indoor climate must be documented via calculations In dwellings, institutions, offices etc. the thermal indoor climate must not exceed 26 C, except during a limited number of hours compared with the reference year For dwellings, a temperature of 26 C must not be exceeded for more than 100 hours per year, and a temperature of 27 C must not be exceeded for more than 25 hours per year Documentation for the thermal indoor climate can be done according to DS474 - Norm for specification of the thermal indoor climate using dynamic simulation tools For dwellings proof can be provided via a simplified calculation implemented in the compliance checking tool Be10 Buildings energy demand 2010 SBi 8

9 Dimensioning 1) heat loss through the thermal envelope storey /1 Q <= 5 W/m² Q <= 4 W/m² Q <= 3.7 W/m² s 25 cm s 31 cm s 34 cm 2storeys /2 Q <= 6 W/m² Q <= 5 W/m² Q <= 4.7 W/m² s 21 cm s 25 cm s 27 cm storeys /2+ Q <= 7 W/m² Q <= 6 W/m² Q <= 5.7 W/m² s 18 cm s 21 cm s 22 cm 1) T = 32 C SBi 9

10 Minimum thermal insulation U-value [W/m² K] External walls 0.30 Partition walls 0.40 Horizontal division/cold room 0.40 Horizontal division/floor heating 0.50 Ground slabs 0.20 Ceiling and roof 0.20 External doors

11 Facade windows - energy gains in kwh/m² year Facade windows Roof windows E ref = I g w G U w = ) g w U w Energy gain through a standard 1.82 m² window in kwh/m² year Based on a calculation of a standard single family house 能量增益是以一座标准的独栋住宅的一个标准的 1.82m² 的窗户在一年中 kwh/m² 来计算的 1) I = for facade windows and 345 for roof windows 1) = 建筑物正面窗户 和屋顶窗户 345 SBi 11

12 Energy certification of windows Energy classes A Energy gains E ref kwh/m² 0 E ref B -17 E ref < 0 C -33 E ref < -17 D -55 E ref < -33 E -60 E ref < -55 F E ref < -60

13 Air-tightness Air-change must not exceed x.x l/s per m² (heated floor area) demonstrated at a pressure difference of 50 Pa Pressure test airchange The Municipality must require a pressure test in no less than 5% of all new buildings Compliance with 2015 or 2020 regulations always require a pressure test 13

14 Ventilation in dwellings In a dwelling the rate of outdoor air must not be less than 0.3 l/s pr. m 2 heated floor area (½ air-change per. hour) Kitchens must be equipped with a cooker hood with controllable ventilation and exhaust to the surroundings Bathrooms/toilets must be equipped with exhaust ventilation Single family houses can be ventilated by either mechanical or by natural ventilation In case (always in multi family buildings) of balanced mechanical ventilation, the system must be equipped with an efficient heat recovery unit

15 Technical installations Requirements to: Efficiency of ventilation systems Boilers dependent on energy source Heat pumps dependent on heating systems and size Combined heat and power systems In new buildings or renovation of existing buildings outside district heating areas with an expected domestic hot water consumption above 2000 litres pr. day must have a thermal solar heating system

16 Other regulations in BR Accessibility Structural safety Fire safety Indoor climate Air quality Moisture Acoustics Daylight / electric lighting Installations and services Distribution systems for heating, cooling and domestic hot water Ventilation systems Water and drainage systems Combustion plants and exhaust systems Renewable energy systems Waste disposal facilities Lifts

17 Requirements for insulation of the building envelope, existing buildings Specific measures U-value W/m² K External walls 0.20 Partition walls 0.40 Ground slabs 0.12 Ceiling and roof 0.15 External door, skylight etc

18 Voluntary energy frames for existing buildings in BR15 To fulfill the new renovation classes the energy need has to be improved with at least 30 kwh/m² pr. year There has to be a part of renewables in the energy supply to the building Renovation class 2 (label C) (in kwh/m² year) Non-residential Residential /A /A Renovation class 1 (label A2010) (in kwh/m² year) Non-residential Residential /A /A 18

19 Mandatory measurements In new and existing buildings, individual meters must be installed for measurement of electricity, gas, and heat consumption Distribution of a collective cost for the buildings total consumption must be made according to individual meters Correction for heat consumption in end-units must be introduced to avoid uneven distribution of costs Metering of hot and cold water-consumption is voluntary

20 Energy Performance Certificates In the current EPC scheme, from September 2006 until August 2014, the number of certificates issued is about 445,000 DEA registers about new EPCs every year Total number of issued EPCs in Denmark since the initiation of the certification in 1997 is more than 1.2 million

21 Format and content of the EPC Energy efficiency rating Numerical criteria for each class (kwh/m²/year) Dwellings Non residental A A /A /A A /A /A B /A /A C /A /A D /A /A E /A /A F /A /A G > /A > /A EPC rates buildings on an energy efficiency scale ranging from A (high energy efficiency) to G (poor energy efficiency). Class A is divided into three sub-categories, A2020, A2015 and A2010

22 The evolution of the classes for dwellings (pr. building) EPC's for dwellings G F E D C B A

23 Energy certificate and prices One-family houses with good labels give a higher price per m 2 by sale Energy performance rating of properties now play a significant role in relation to sales There are regional differences in DK in relation to how big an importance the certificate has for the selling prices Market adoption of energy performance rating is much slower for properties than the market adoption of energy efficiency labels for white goods and cars Authors: Anders Rhiger Hansen, Ole Michael Jensen, Jesper Kragh 23

24 Be10 a compliance checking tool Calculation procedure in BR2010 is described in SBi Direction 213: Energy demand in buildings Monthly quasi-stationary calculation procedure follows relevant CEN standards with national adaptations This publication also includes the PC calculation tool Be10 Calculation core of this program is to be used by all other programs for compliance checks and for energy certification in order to ensure identical calculation of the energy performance of buildings 24

25 One calculation core One calculation engine have been developed (by SBi) Used in different tools with different user interface Building compliance checking tool Be10 used to apply for a building permit Tool(s) for carrying out a building energy performance certification Anyone are allowed to make their own tool But any new tool must provide the same results as the calculation engine developed by SBi for any building model 25

26 Be10 compliance checking tool GUI Input XML Calculation core Be10Eng.dll XML GUI Output Be10 26

27 Be10 compliance checking tool 27

28 Energy10 certification tool SBi/AAU 28

29 Build-up SBi 29

30 Concerted Action EPBD Concerted Action (CA) EPBD was launched by the European Commission to promote dialogue and exchange of best practice between the Member States (MS). An intensely active forum of national authorities from 29 countries, it focuses on finding common approaches to the most effective implementation of this EU legislation. More information see:

31 Concerted Action EPBD purpose The Specific objectives of the CA are to: Enhance and structure the sharing of information and experience from national implementation and promote good practice in activities required of Member States for implementation of the Energy Performance of Building Directive (EPBD) Create favourable conditions for faster convergence of national procedures on EPBD related matters Supplement the work of the Article 26 Committee and possible ad-hoc groups on CEN standards and certification exercises Establish a dialogue with CEN in their work deriving from the mandate to prepare 2 nd generations standards to support the implementation of the recast EPBD

32 Thank you for your attention