MONITORING REPORT OF SAHAMITR TAPIOCA CHONBURI WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND BIOGAS UTILIZATION PROJECT

Transcription

1 MONITORING REPORT OF SAHAMITR TAPIOCA CHONBURI WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND BIOGAS UTILIZATION PROJECT Document Prepared By South Pole Carbon Asset Management Project Title Sahamitr Tapioca Chonburi Wastewater Treatment and Biogas Utilization Project Version 05 Report ID /01 Date of Issue 26-September-2014 this version of the document issued Project ID 425 Monitoring Period Prepared By Contact 01-April-2009 to 31-August-2013 Nattaya Lonawan South Pole Carbon Asset Management (Thailand) 2/22 Iyara Tower, 6th Floor Soi 2, Chan Road, Thungwatdorn, Sathorn Bangkok 10120, Thailand T , 9 E n.lonawan@southpolecarbon.com W 1

2 Table of Contents 1 Project Details Summary of the Implementation Status of the Project Sectoral Scope and Project Type Project Proponent Other Entities Involved in the Project Project Start Date Project Crediting Period Project Location Title and Reference of Methodology Other Programs Implementation Status Implementation Status of the Project Activity Deviations Methodology Deviations Project Deviations Grouped Project Data and Parameters Data and Parameters Available at Validation Data and Parameters Monitored Monitoring Plan Quantification of GHG Emission Reductions and Removals Baseline Emissions Project Emissions Leakage Net GHG Emission Reductions and Removals APPENDIX 1: additional information

3 1 PROJECT DETAILS 1.1 Summary of the Implementation Status of the Project The project activity was implemented at Sahamitr Tapioca Chonburi factory in The production capacity of the plant is 100 tons of native starch per day which generates approximately 1000 m 3 of wastewater for every production day. Before the implementation of proposed project, the wastewater from the starch plant was treated in 12 cascading open anaerobic lagoons, with a retention time of approximately one year. The project activity entails the installation of an anaerobic covered lagoon at the existing starch plant. The anaerobic covered lagoon is installed through a modification of the third existing sequentially open lagoon. The biogas generated during the normal operation is used in the boiler, usually co-fired with fuel oil for stability of heat generation for starch drying process, as well used for power generation process. Biogas is stored in the storage unit available, and used as per availability in storage. In case not enough biogas is available (low production and low storage amount), the boiler uses 100% fuel oil and biogas can be stored till substantial amount is available to start the co-firing process. The treated wastewater from the open lagoon is reused in factory. Table 1 : Summary description of project components Project/Baseline Component Lagoon System Covered lagoon Boiler Gas engine Capacity of auxiliary drives Flare Brief 12 existing open lagoons commissioned along with the operation start date of starch plant. The lagoon system has total volumetric capacity of 171,300 m 3. The retention time of the baseline system is approximately of 171 days if the plant operates at full capacity. The covered lagoon is the third lagoon of existing lagoon system. The capacity of the covered lagoon is 36,720 m 3 which have the retention time of 36 days with the full operation capacity. Typically, the efficiency of the system is around 80%. The biogas produced is stored within the covered lagoon and pumped out by blowers. The hot oil boiler has a capacity of 3.78MW th The gas engine (Guascor) has a capacity of 275kW. The gas engine has been in operation since October The main auxiliary drives in the project are pump and blower. The rated capacity of the auxiliary drives is 29.09kW The flare employed in the project is the open flare with the capacity of 100 m 3 per hour. This monitoring report is for the 1 st verification of this project. Further background information on this project activity can be found in the VCS website : 3%2E &lon=100%2E &bp=1 3

4 1.2 Sectoral Scope and Project Type The project activity involves recovery of fugitive biogas from the wastewater released from the tapioca starch factory using a covered lagoon and utilizing the biogas as a fuel to produce thermal energy, thereby replacing the fossil fuel earlier used by the project participants and to produce electricity to replace import electricity from the grid. According to Appendix B, Simplified Modalities and Procedures for Small-Scale CDM Project Activities, the project activity can be categorized as follows: Methane avoidance component: Type III: Other Project Activities Category III.H: Methane Recovery in Wastewater Treatment Sectoral Scope 13: Waste Handling and Disposal Version: 13 Project claims less than 60,000 emission reductions per annum for the methane avoidance component and small scale methodology is applicable. Thermal energy generation component: Type I: Renewable energy projects Category: I.C: Thermal energy production with or without electricity Sectoral Scope 1: Energy Industries Version: 15 Installed capacity of hot air boiler is less than 45 MWth; thereby project can apply small scale methodology under category 1. Grid connected renewable electricity generation Type I: Renewable energy projects Category: I.D: Grid connected renewable electricity generation Sectoral Scope 1: Energy Industries Version: 14 Installed capacity of the electricity engine is less than 15 MW; thereby project can apply small scale methodology under category Project Proponent Organization name Contact person Title Address Sahamitr Tapioca Chonburi Supakieat Thongtdcahroen Mr. 101 Moo.4 Banglamung, Chonburi Thailand Telephone pcc_chon@hotmail.com 4

5 1.4 Other Entities Involved in the Project MONITORING REPORT: VCS Version 3 Organization name Role in the project Contact person Title Address South Pole Carbon Asset Management Ltd. Emission Reduction project developer/consultant Ingo Puhl Mr. Technoparkstrasse 1, Zurich Switzerland Telephone i.puhl@southpolecarbon.com 1.5 Project Start Date Project start date: October 25 th, 2007 (the date when emissions reduction began). This is the date on which hot oil boiler become operational with the utilisation of biogas. 1.6 Project Crediting Period Crediting period start date: April 1 st, Crediting period end date: March 31 st, Due to insufficiency of monitoring equipment, the operational period prior April 1 st, 2009 will be neglected from our claim of emission reduction. This is in line with the principle of conservativeness as per VCS guideline. 1.7 Project Location The project site is located on the site of the Sahamitr Chonburi Tapioca factory, located at address: 101 Moo4, Banglamung, Chonburi, Thailand about 130 km away from Bangkok. Geographical coordinates: Latitude N Longitude E 5

6 MONITORING REPORT: VCS Version 3 Figure 1: Location map Figure 2: Project activity boundaries 1.8 Title and Reference of Methodology AMS. III.H., refers to: - AMS.I.D Grid connected renewable electricity generation version 14 for estimating project emissions from electricity consumption by the project activity. - Tool to determine project emissions from flaring gases containing methane, Annex 13 of EB 28 AMS.I.C., refers to: - Tool to calculate project or leakage CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion version Tool to calculate baseline, project and/or leakage emissions from electricity consumption version 1.0 AMS.I.D., refers to: - Tool to calculate the emission factor for an electricity system version

7 1.9 Other Programs Not applicable 2 IMPLEMENTATION STATUS 2.1 Implementation Status of the Project Activity After the commissioning of wastewater treatment process was finished in the mid of year 2009, the capacity of project activity has been fully utilized, and the stability of the biogas system has been maintained. The schedule for project implementation is listed below.. Event description Date Start sending biogas to hot oil boiler 25-Oct-07 Commissioning date of generator 26-Oct-09 Commissioning date of flare 15-Sep10 Installation date of GM4 15-Sep-10 There was no change or modifications in project activity, compared to the monitoring diagram in the registered PD. Figure 3 : Present monitoring diagram 2.2 Deviations Methodology Deviations Not applicable Project Deviations There is no deviated approach applied in this monitoring period. 2.3 Grouped Project This project is not a grouped project. 7

8 3 DATA AND PARAMETERS 3.1 Data and Parameters Available at Validation - GWP CH4 Global warming potential of methane gas AMS III.H version 13 Value applied: 2009 to 2012 : 21 Comments 2013 : to 2012 : Default value is applied : Table 2.14 of IPCC Fourth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2007 This parameter is used for baseline and project emission calculations. The applied value for 2013 is updated as per the reference from Annex 3 of EB 69, STANDARD FOR APPLICATION OF THE GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALS TO CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM PROJECT ACTIVITIES AND PROGRAMMES OF ACTIVITIES FOR THE SECOND COMMITMENT PERIOD OF THE KYOTO PROTOCOL B o,ww Value applied: 0.21 kg CH 4 / kg COD Methane generation capacity of COD in wastewater IPCC default value, corrected as per methodology AMS III.H is used for estimation Default value is applied. This parameter is used for baseline emission calculations. 8

9 UF BL Factor AMS III.H version 13 Value applied: 0.94 MONITORING REPORT: VCS Version 3 Model correction factor to account for model uncertainties Default value is applied. This parameter is used for baseline emission calculations. UF PJ Factor AMS III.H version 13 Value applied: 1.06 Model correction factor to account for model uncertainties Default value is applied. This parameter is used for project emission calculations. - MCF ww,treatment,bl,lagoon Methane correction factor for the baseline anaerobic wastewater treatment system Table II.H 1 from AMS III.H version 13 Value applied: 0.8 Default value is applied. This parameter is used for baseline emission calculations. Comments IPCC Default values from chapter 6 of volume 5 page no Waste in 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. 9

10 EF CO2 tco 2 /TJ Emission factor of fossil fuel replaced residual fuel oil IPCC 2006 default value for residual fuel oil, Volume 2, Chapter 1, 1.23 Value applied: 77.4 Default value is applied. This parameter is used for baseline emission calculations. - MCF ww,treatment,pj,covered lagoon Methane correction factor for the project wastewater treatment system, covered lagoon equipped with biogas recovery Table II.H 1 from AMS III.H version 13 page 6 Value applied: 0.8 Default value is applied. This parameter is used for project emission calculations. Comments IPCC Default values from chapter 6 of volume 5 page no Waste in 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories - MCF ww,treatment,pj,lagoon Methane correction factor for the project wastewater treatment system k Table II.H 1 from AMS III.H version 13 page 6 Value applied: 0.8 Default value is applied. 10

11 MONITORING REPORT: VCS Version 3 This parameter is used for project emission calculations. Comments IPCC Default values from chapter 6 of volume 5 page no Waste in 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories % Value applied: COD removal efficiency - baseline Measured Colorimetric analysis COD removal efficiency of baseline wastewater treatment system Fixed value is applied. This parameter is used for baseline emission calculations. - Value applied: 0.9 CFE ww Capture efficiency of the biogas recovery equipment in the wastewater treatment systems. Equation 10 in AMS III.H, Version 13 methodology Default value is applied. This parameter is used for project emission calculations. EF y tco 2 /MWh Value applied: CO 2 emission factor for grid power The calculation of emission factor for an electricity system in Thailand 2007, DEDE. 11

12 MONITORING REPORT: VCS Version 3 National default value is applied. This parameter is used for project emission calculations. NCV FO GJ/tonne Value applied: NCV of fuel oil i.e. fossil fuel displaced by biogas Thailand Energy Situation 2005, published by Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency, Ministry of Energy National default value is applied. This parameter is used for baseline emission calculations. NCV biogas MJ/Nm 3 Value applied: NCV of biogas Thailand Energy Situation 2005, published by Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency, Ministry of Energy National default value is applied. This parameter is used for baseline emission calculations. Q FO,starch litres/tonne Litres of fossil fuel required per tonne of dry starch historically Historic data 12

13 Value applied: 34.3 Fixed value is applied. This parameter is used for baseline emission calculations. D CH4 kg/m 3 Value applied: Density of methane at normal conditions Tool to determine project emissions from flaring gases containing methane Default value is applied. This parameter is used for baseline and project emission calculations. Comments CDM EB as per EB28 Meeting report (Annex 13) D FO kg/litre Value applied: 0.93 Density of fuel oil Fixed value is applied. This parameter is used for baseline emission calculations. FE % 13

14 Value applied: 50% Flare efficiency MONITORING REPORT: VCS Version 3 Tool to determine project emissions from flaring gases containing methane Default value is applied. This parameter is used for project emission calculations. DE % Destruction efficiency of a biogas combustion for gainful use SSC WG Value applied: 100% Default value is applied. This parameter is used for baseline emission calculations. P el kw Total electrical capacity of the equipment installed in the project activity List of electrical consumption from name plates of installed motors Value applied: 29.1 Fixed value is applied. 14

15 This parameter is used for project emission calculations. 3.2 Data and Parameters Monitored m 3 of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording Q y,ww Volume of wastewater treated in the year y Volumetric flow meters (FM1,FM2) The volumetric flow meters are installed and monitoring will be done manually by trained employees. Continuous monitoring with data recording on daily basis Value monitored: The monitored data is presented in Table 4. Monitoring equipment FM1 1, FM2 2 as per detail in Table 5 QA/QC procedures to be applied The flow meters are calibrated at least once every 3 years. Calculation method - Calculation of baseline and project emissions of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording COD y,in,covered mg/l COD of wastewater entering the covered lagoon treatment process Measured Colorimetric analysis The COD content is analyzed using a colorimetric method in the on-site laboratory of the treatment plant. The tests are carried out in every operational day. Value monitored: The monitored values are presented in Table 4. Monitoring equipment Spectrophotometer 3 as per detail in Table htm htm

16 QA/QC procedures to be applied Calculation method - The spectrophotometer is calibrated at least once every 3 years. The wastewater sample is tested by external laboratory at least once a year. Calculation of baseline and project emissions of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording COD y,out,covered mg/l COD of wastewater exiting the covered lagoon treatment process Measured Colorimetric analysis The COD content is analyzed using a colorimetric method in the on-site laboratory of the treatment plant. The tests are carried out in every operational day. Value monitored: The monitored values are presented in Table 4. Monitoring equipment Spectrophotometer 4 as per detail in Table 5 QA/QC procedures to be applied Calculation method - The spectrophotometer is calibrated at least once every 3 years. The wastewater sample is tested by external laboratory at least once a year. Calculation of project emissions of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording COD y,out,pj,lagoon mg/l COD of water exiting the open lagoon treatment process Measured Colorimetric analysis The COD content is analyzed using a colorimetric method in the on-site laboratory of the treatment plant. The tests are carried out in every operational day. Value monitored: The monitored values are presented in Table

17 Monitoring equipment Spectrophotometer 5 as per detail in Table 5 QA/QC procedures to be applied Calculation method - The spectrophotometer is calibrated at least once every 3 years. The wastewater sample is tested by external laboratory at least once a year. Calculation of project emissions Nm 3 of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording BG combusted,y Amount of biogas sent to generator and boiler Measured - Biogas flow meters (GM1) The gas flow meter is installed and the readings are regularly taken by responsible staff. Continuous monitoring with data recording on daily basis Value monitored: The monitored values are presented in Table 4. Monitoring equipment GM1 6, meter s accuracy and calibration history is shown in Table 5 QA/QC procedures to be applied Calculation method - The flow meter is calibrated at least once every 3 years. Calculation of baseline emissions Nm 3 of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording Biogas boiler,y Amount of biogas sent to boiler Measured by biogas flow meters, GM2 The gas flow meter is installed and the readings are regularly taken by responsible staff. Continuous monitoring with data recording on daily basis ST51, ST75 Guides & Manuals/ST51 Guide (06EN ).pdf 17

18 Value monitored: The monitored data is presented in Table 4. Monitoring equipment GM2 7 as per detail in Table 5 QA/QC procedures to be applied The flow meter is calibrated at least once every 3 years. Calculation of baseline emissions Calculation method - Nm 3 BG Toflare,y of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording Amount of biogas flared Measured by biogas flow meters, GM4 The gas flow meter is installed and the readings are regularly taken by responsible staff. Continuous monitoring with data recording on daily basis Value monitored: The monitored data is presented in Table 4. Monitoring equipment GM4 8 as per detail in Table 5 QA/QC procedures to be applied The flow meter is calibrated at least once every 3 years. Calculation of project emissions Calculation method - Comments Before the installation of the flare equipment, the amount of biogas flared is assumed as 0. When the GM4 is removed, the valve at biogas discharge pipe to flare is also shut off. Whereas the operation of biogas blower at this station is manually switched on then the entire flaring system is temporary closed. Hence the amount of biogas flared during the absence of GM4 is considered as 0. %CH 4 % Methane content in biogas 7 ST51, ST75 Guides & Manuals/ST51 Guide (06EN ).pdf 8 ST51, ST75 Guides & Manuals/ST51 Guide (06EN ).pdf 18

19 of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording MONITORING REPORT: VCS Version 3 Measured Portable methane analyzer is used. Portable methane analyzer is manually used by well trained employees and then recorded in log sheet. The measuring is done once a day when the biogas is supplied from covered lagoon system. Value monitored: The monitored data is presented in Table 4. Monitoring equipment Portable gas analyzer 9 as per detail in Table 5 QA/QC procedures to be applied The gas analyzer is calibrated at least once every 3 years. Calculation method - Calculation of project emissions of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording q FO,y Litres Quantity of fossil fuel co-fired or fired along with biogas during a year y. Measured by fuel oil flow meter, OM A proper record of all the fossil fuel consumed shall be maintained at the project site. Continuous monitoring with data recording on daily basis Value monitored: The monitored data is presented in Table 4. Monitoring equipment Fuel oil flow meters 10 as per detail in Table 5 QA/QC procedures to be applied The liquid flow meter is calibrated at least once every 3 years. Calculation method - Comments Calculation of baseline emissions During the absence of dairy recorded data, 1-Apr-09 to 28-Jun-09, the daily fuel consumption data from MIS is used for emission reduction calculation. Q starch,y

20 of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording Tonnes Quantity of dry starch produced Based on operational log sheet at the plant A proper record of all starch produced shall be maintained at the project site. Daily recording on daily basis Value monitored: The monitored data is presented in Table 4. Monitoring equipment Truck scale as per detail in Table 5 QA/QC procedures to be applied Calculation method - The production data is crosschecked with sales records, if necessary. The calibration and the accuracy of truck scale is controlled and verified by Central Bureau of Weights and Measures. The calibration certificate is valid for 2 years. Calculation of baseline emissions of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording Value monitored: 0 Monitoring equipment - QA/QC procedures to be applied Calculation method - Sludge removal and its application Tonnes / type of application The quantity of organic material / sludge removed from treatment plant and its application Weighing equipment available at the site are used. Proper log records is maintained for sludge removal and disposal at the project site. Recorded every time sludge is removed from the system Periodic calibrations to ensure accuracy of monitoring equipment shall be taken up. Calculation of project emissions EC y MWh 20

21 of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Electricity consumption by wastewater treatment plant in year y Maximum rated consumption is calculated by multiplying total electrical capacity with operational hour with 10% additional factor to be conservative. - Frequency of monitoring/recording - Value monitored: The calculated values are presented in Table 4. Monitoring equipment - QA/QC procedures to be applied Calculation method In the absence of electric meter for the electricity consumption of project activity, maximum rated consumption shall be used to calculate the emissions from PE power, y. Since this approach has taken into account the distribution losses of 10% and the calculation is based on an assumption that the electrical appliances will be running at full capacity for the entire year, the QA/QC aspect has already been assured. Calculation of project emissions Calculation based on maximum rated consumption is conducted in a conservative manner (as per paragraph 35 in AMS III. H., version 13). of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording EG y MWh/y Electricity production in year y Measured Electricity meter installed at the generation set Measured electronically on a continuous basis. Data will be recorded manually on a daily basis in the plant operation report. Continuous monitoring with data recording on daily basis Value monitored: The monitored data is presented in Table 4. Monitoring equipment Power meters, EM as per detail in Table 5 QA/QC procedures to be applied The function for power measuring of the generator s control unit is certified by manufacturer

22 Calculation of project emissions Calculation method - of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording - Value monitored: Q biogas,flare,h Nm 3 /hr Biogas sent to flare during a particular hour h same as BG TOFlare,y Log record shall be maintained on an hourly basis to ascertain net amount of biogas has gone to flare unit during a particular hour. No monitored value in this unit. The same value of of BG TOFlare, y in Nm 3 /d is used. Monitoring equipment GM4 12, as per detail in Table 5 QA/QC procedures to be applied The biogas flow meter is calibrated at least once every 3 years. Calculation method - Calculation of project emissions % of measurement methods and procedures to be applied Frequency of monitoring/recording - Value monitored: Monitoring equipment - η flare-h Flare efficiency Tool to determine project emissions from flaring gases containing methane The efficiency of the flaring process is defined as 50% based on the default factor for open flares. Due to the absence of flare efficiency monitoring system, the 0% of flare efficiency is used for conservativeness ST51, ST75 Guides & Manuals/ST51 Guide (06EN ).pdf 22

23 QA/QC procedures to be applied Calculation method - MONITORING REPORT: VCS Version 3 Maintenance of the flare system shall be conducted periodically as per supplier s specifications to ensure optimal operation. Calculation of project emissions 3.3 Monitoring Plan The monitoring plan is as described in section 3.4 of the registered PD. 1. Monitoring Management The required monitoring equipment will be installed by supplier. Flow meters will be annually calibrated to recognize procedures by the accredited laboratory and sampling is carried out by the onsite Biogas Lab officer according to appropriate industrial standards. Data acquisition for the gas and wastewater flow meters is executed directly from flow meters. Lab data will first note in logbook then later keep into the excel spread sheet and Management Information System (MIS). The COD data of the wastewater will be collected and tested at the standard lab within the plant. The method used for this lab is Colorimetric method which is recognized by EPA. The COD value will be collected daily and note in logbook which is later record in the excel spread sheet, The plant will be operated by two trained operators in each shift who also collect data under the supervision of the Chief of environmental section who is in charge of filing and processing data. The Chief of environmental section will collect all information and submit it to a consultant for emission calculation. All monitoring data is available in an excel spread sheet. This spread sheet consists of: 1. A summary worksheet containing the results of the monitoring for every day of the monitoring period on a yearly basis; 2. The monitored parameters during the monitoring period. Organization structure Vice President Chief of environmental section Biogas plant operator 23

24 2. Quality Assurance and Quality Control The Vice President monitors overall performance of the plant, ensures proper and timely calibration, data acquisition and storage via MIS report. 3. On-site Procedures Procedures for Calibration of Equipment The Chief of environmental section will contact third parties to carry out calibration according to international standards. 4. Data Storage and Filing Electric Workbook All relevant data is first stored manually in operational log sheets, then electronically in a computer unit, both in excel spread sheet and MIS. All parameters monitored under the monitoring plan will be kept for a period of two years following the end of the crediting period or the last issuance of VERs for the project activity, whichever occurs later. The original log sheets are collected and stored in the starch production office by Administrator. The data in excel format is saved in computer and the same data is recorded in MIS with daily backup. The excel spreadsheet submitted to consultant is stored and backup via consultant s internal server on monthly basis. 5. Emergency preparedness The project activity does not result in any unidentified activity that can result in substantial emissions from the project activity. However, the leakages, if any, in the piping or digester shall come under notice of plant operator either instantly on the control screens else at the time of data logging, due to mismatch between expected biogas generation from wastewater quantities processed or other way around. 4 QUANTIFICATION OF GHG EMISSION REDUCTIONS AND REMOVALS 4.1 Baseline Emissions Baseline Emissions for AMS III.H BE y = BE power,y + BE ww,treatment,y + BE s,treatment,y + BE ww,discharge,y + BE s,final,y Where: Equation 1 Parameter Details BE y Baseline emissions in year y (tco 2 e) 24

25 BE power, y Baseline emissions from electricity or fuel consumption in year y (tco 2 e) BE ww, treatment, y BE s, treatment, y BE ww, discharge, y BE s, final, y Baseline emissions of the wastewater treatment systems affected by the project activity in year y (tco 2 e) Baseline emissions of the sludge treatment systems affected by the project activity in year y (tco 2 e) Baseline methane emissions from degradable organic carbon in treated wastewater discharged into sea/river/lake in year y (tco 2 e). Baseline methane emissions from anaerobic decay of the final sludge produced in year y (tco 2 e). Baseline Emissions for AMS.ID Baseline emissions from electricity generation (BE gen,y ) As per AMS I. D., paragraph 10, the baseline is the MWh produced by the renewable generating unit multiplied by an emission coefficient as follows: BE y = BE gen,y = EF y EG y Equation 4 Where: Parameter EG y EF y Details The quantity of electricity supplied by the project activity during the year y (MWh) Thailand National Grid emission factor (tco 2e /MWh) Baseline Emissions for AMS IC Emissions from steam/heat displacement by the project activity (BE thermal,co2, y) According to paragraph 15 of AMS I.C., the baseline emissions are estimated based on the amount of heat/steam delivered by the equipment (as per equation below). BE!!!"#$%,!"!,! = ( EG!!!"#$%,! η!",!!!"#$% ) EF!"! Equation 5 Where: Parameter EG thermal Details The net quantity of steam/heat supplied by the project activity during the year y (TJ) 25

26 η BL, thermal EF CO2 The efficiency of the plant using fossil fuel that would have been used in the absence of the project activity. The CO 2 emission factor per unit of energy of the fuel that would have been used in the baseline plant in (tco 2 / TJ), obtained from reliable local or national data if available, otherwise, IPCC default emission factors are used. The deviation explained in section 4.1 of the registered PD takes into account the baseline efficiencies and a simplified approach is explained here to estimate the baseline emissions, the approach is based on historical consumption of fuel oil per tonne of starch generation. The deviation addresses the coherence with paragraphs 15 and 10 of the methodology. BE!!!"#$%,!"!,! = ER!!"#,! = Q!"#$%!,! Q!",!"#$%! q!",! D!" NCV!" EF!"! 10! Where: Parameter Q starch, y Q FO, starch q FO, y D FO NCV FO Details Quantity of dry starch produced in year y (tonnes) Quantity of fossil fuel per unit of dry starch (liter/tonne) Quantity of fossil fuel consumed at the project site in year y (litres) Density of fossil fuel (kg/litre) Net Calorific value of the fuel oil (TJ/ton) 26

27 Table 2 : Summary of baseline emission calculation MONITORING REPORT: VCS Version Project Emissions Project activity emissions for AMS III.H PE y = PE power,y + PE ww,treatment,y + PE s,treatment,y + PE ww,discharge,y + PE s,final,y Where: + PE fugitive,y + PE biomass,y + PE flaring,y Parameter Details PE y Project activity emissions in the year y (tco 2 e) PE power,y PE ww,treatment,y PE s,treatment,y Emissions from electricity or fuel consumption in the year y (tco 2 e). Methane emissions from wastewater treatment systems affected by the project activity, and not equipped with biogas recovery, in year y (tco 2 e). Methane emissions from sludge treatment systems affected by the project activity, and not equipped with biogas recovery, in year y 27

28 (tco 2 e). PE y,ww,discharge PE s,final,y PE fugitive,y PE flaring,y PE biomass,y Methane emissions from degradable organic carbon in treated wastewater in year y (tco 2 e). Methane emissions from anaerobic decay of the final sludge produced in year y (tco 2 e). Methane emissions from biogas release in capture systems in year y Methane emissions due to incomplete flaring in year y Methane emissions from biomass stored under anaerobic conditions. Table 3 : Summary of project emission calculation 4.3 Leakage The used technology is not equipment transferred from another activity, therefore according to the AMS.III.H, there is no leakage to be considered. All the equipment used in the project activity for power and heat generation is either already existing or brought for purpose of project activity and there is no shifting of old equipment takes place. Therefore, there is no leakage as per AMS.I.C and AMS.I.D. 28

29 4.4 Net GHG Emission Reductions and Removals ER!,!"!"#$ = min( BE!,!"!"#$ PE!,!"!"#$ LE!,!"!"#$, MD! PE!"#$%&&,! LE!,!"!"#$ ) Where : ER y,expost BE y,expost PE y,expost MD y Emission reductions achieved by the project activity based on monitored values for year y (tco 2 e) Baseline emission calculated as per paragraph ex-post monitored values Project emission calculated as per paragraph ex-post monitored values Methane captured and destroyed/gainfully used by the project activity in year y Justification for the increasing of emission reductions in this monitoring period The increasing of emission reduction in this monitoring period is from ; The higher amount of starch production quantity as a result of the increasing of operating hours of starch plant. The improvement of covered lagoon treatment efficiency. The project owner enhances the acidification process, the first stage of anaerobic digestion. The raw wastewater is easier converted into biogas under anaerobic condition. The final result is the higher amounts of biogas produced and better COD removal efficiency of covered lagoon system. Year Baseline emissions or removals (tco 2 e) Project emissions or removals (tco 2 e) Leakage emissions (tco 2 e) Year ,065 1, ,688 Year ,287 2, ,298 Year ,707 3, ,533 Year , ,021 Year ,839 2, ,330 Net GHG emission reductions or removals (tco 2 e) Total 84,028 10, ,870 29

30 APPENDIX 1: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Table 4 : Summary of monitored data Table 5 : Monitoring equipment information 30