Assessment of Indoor Environment Quality on Occupant Wellbeing and Educational Outcomes

Transcription

1 Assessment of Indoor Environment Quality on Occupant Wellbeing and Educational Outcomes 20 th September 2017 TEMC Authors Ben Lindsay CETEC Pty Ltd Consultant Vyt Garnys CETEC Group of Companies Managing Director & Principal Consultant Melbourne-Sydney-Brisbane-London (UK)

2 About us Comprehensive scientific consulting and laboratory services since 1987 Leading provider of multidiscipline and technical risk management solutions for complex facilities. CETEC conducts professional IEQ audits, assessments, investigations & training for occupant health, wellbeing & productivity 4 NABERS Accredited Assessors and 2 WELL Building Standard APs on staff. 2

3 Key Building Services IEQ Indoor air & indoor environment quality (investigations, audits, training & assessments for occupant health, wellbeing & productivity Accreditation & Regulations NABERS and GBCA assessments for energy, IEQ, waste & water. Hazardous Materials Environmental risk management for - asbestos, chemicals & other hazardous substances, including audits, registers, decontamination & control/remediation Design Risk & Dangerous Goods Specialist laboratory & hospital design, dangerous goods risk management, support & risk evaluation Project Management For hazardous materials, dangerous goods, occupational hygiene, IAQ & occupant dissatisfaction

4 Extensive Evidence of IEQ/Performance Link 4

5 Student Performance Increase with Ventilation LiaChatzidiakou,DejanMumovic,JulieDockrell, UCL, UK (2014) 5

6 Australian Schools Performance Down Why? 6

7 Why Conduct Building Indoor Environment Ratings? 7

8 The Cost of Running a Building Buildings affect our health, wellbeing and productivity since more than 80% of occupant time is spent indoors Staff salary and benefits contributes to 90% of a organisations operating costs So a 10% increase in productivity translates to a 9% savings in operating costs 8

9 Why integrate IEQ Rating into FM Good Practise Management - Ordered and integrated overview Complaint resolution efficiency Maintenance KPI - intra and inter-facility Benchmarking KPI intra and inter-facility Legal protection best practise Property Valuation Productivity and Efficiency KPI Marketing and Occupancy Personal recognition and CV

10 Compliance vs Performance Compliance Limits Performance / Sub Clinical Criteria VOC (toluene) TWA VOC (total) 191,000 μg/m μg/m 3 Dust PM1-10 TWA 1,000-5,000 μg/m3 Noise LAeq,8h of 85 db(a) peak 140 db(c) Lighting 160 lux minimum Dust 50 μg/m3 Noise 45-50dB + occupant satisfaction survey Lighting Uniformity, 300 lux + occupant satisfaction survey

11 EnHealth and Legionella Learn more at 11

12 IEQ - Building Related Parameters Typical indoor environment quality assessment parameters include: Indoor Air Quality Thermal Comfort Particulate Matter Airborne Microbials Carbon Monoxide Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and Formaldehyde levels Temperature Relative Humidity Carbon Dioxide (Ventilation Effectiveness) Air Movement Lighting Horizontal Task Illuminance (Lux) Vertical Task Illuminance (Lux) Lighting uniformity Acoustic Comfort Ambient Sound levels Occupant Satisfaction & Productivity Worldwide Benchmarked and Standardised Occupant Satisfaction Survey

13 AVAILABLE MAIN RATING SYSTEMS in AUSTRALIA Green Star Green Building Council of Australia NABERS ( National Australian Built Environment Rating System) Australian Government WELL Building Standard Delos Inc., USA.

14 Green Star Performance IAQ

15 Green Star Performance coverage Cooling Tower Microbial Control / Legionella

16 Green Star Air Tightness 16

17 NABERS Indoor Environment NABERS Indoor Environment World first at measuring and benchmarking the indoor environment performance of offices Base Building, Tenancy & Whole Building ratings Benchmarked against Australian Buildings Since 2009 Can be used as a step for other ratings Occupant Satisfaction Air Quality IEQ Thermal Comfort Acoustics Lighting

18 NABERS IE

19 NABERS IE Parameters assessed for each rating type

20 Typical Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) IEQ assessment Ongoing collaboration with change/design/hr/ sustainability team Occupancy Satisfaction Survey using international benchmarked survey IE rating Generally conducted six months following occupation

21 Work Environment Productivity Assessment CETEC WEPA Work Environment Productivity Assessment Cost benefit of optimising IEQ Correlating productivity metrics related to performance of workers Develop a business case for IEQ optimisation

22 The International WELL Building Institute

23 WELL Building Standard

24 WELL Air & Water Features Matrix

25 Assessment of Indoor Environment Quality on Occupant Wellbeing at the Rose Bowl, Leeds Beckett University 20 th September 2017 TEMC Presenter Ben Lindsay CETEC Pty Ltd Consultant Melbourne-Sydney-Brisbane-London (UK)

26 Introduction Estates Services wanted to test claim that the BREEAM Excellent building had been designed with staff & student wellbeing at its heart. Needed to understand how to evaluate health & wellbeing. Rose Bowl 1. What should be measured? 1. Air quality 2. Therm. comfort 3. Acoustics 4. Lighting 5. Surveys of staff NABERS IE Parameter measured BASE TENANCY WHOLE BUILDING Carbon monoxide Y Y Y TVOC Y Y Formaldehyde Y Y Particulates Y Y Y Carbon dioxide Y Y Y Temperature * Y Y Relative Humidity Y Y Air speed Y Y Acoustic comfort Y Y Y Lighting Y Y Occupant survey Y y NABERS single items to complete Energy Indoor Environment Waste Water BREEAM all items to be completed Energy Materials Health & well. Management Innovation Pollution Stand alone rating. includes survey. IE-Occupied building Since 2009 Measurement data All or nothing rating. No surveys. No Measurement data Waste IEQ parameters 1. Air quality 2. Therm. comfort 3. Acoustics 4. Lighting 5. Surveys 2. Which rating scheme to use? All or nothing rating. No surveys. Occupied Building New All or nothing rating. No surveys. WELL all items to be completed Air Comfort Fitness Innovation Light Nourishment Mind Water LEED all items to be completed Energy & Atmos. Indoor Env Qual. Innovation Materials & Res Regional priority Sustainable sites 3. What specific parameters to measure? Land use Transport Water Location & trans. Water efficiency 26

27 Benchmarks for IEQ Table 1: International standards for what equals a good quality atmosphere for work Parameter 1 st level threshold limit (ref) 2 nd level tougher limit (ref) Carbon monoxide 9ppm (NABERS/LEED/WELL/WHO) - TVOC 500ug/m 3 (NABERS/LEED/WELL) - Health criteria Comfort criteria Formaldehyde 100ug/m 3 (NABERS/WHO) 40ug/m 3 (LEED/WELL) Particulates 50ug/m 3 PM 10 (NABERS/LEED/WELL) 15ug/m 3 PM 2.5 (LEED/WELL) Ozone 80ppb (LEED/NEPM) - Carbon dioxide 1000ppm (ASHRAE) 800ppm (WELL) Temperature o C (ASHRAE) - Relative Humidity 30-70% (ASHRAE) - Air speed >0.2m/s (NABERS) - Acoustic comfort 35-45dB (NABERS) - Lighting Horizontal >320 lux /vertical >180 lux (AS1680) - 27

28 Sample locations classroom classroom Level lecture room Level 4 office 421 Level office Level classroom Lecture theatre canteen Level 1 classroom classroom Canteen office 28

29 Summary results from IEQ assessment Location Pass ( ) / Fail (x) in relation to threshold values in table 1 Air speed temp RH CO 2 CO O 3 PM 2.5 PM 10 TVOC Form. db lux Ambient # - Roof n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Classroom 513 x Classroom 525 x - - x x Office 404 Office 421 x - - Classroom 320 x - - Classroom 307 x - - x Lecture x x - Classroom 208 x Office 148 x Canteen area x x - - x - KEY Criteria met Criteria not met - Not measured 29

30 Temperature o C Formaldehyde (ug/m 3 ) Roof Roof classroom 525 classroom 525 classroom 513 classroom 513 office 421 office 421 office room 404 office room classroom 320 classroom 320 classroom 307 classroom 307 Lecture 241 Lecture 241 classroom 208 classroom 208 office 148 office 148 canteen area canteen area Carbon dioxide ppm Acoustic levels (db) Roof Roof classroom 525 classroom 525 classroom 513 classroom 513 office 421 office 421 office room office room 404 classroom 320 classroom 320 classroom 307 classroom 307 Lecture 241 Lecture 241 Areas where problems were revealed classroom 208 classroom 208 office 148 office 148 canteen area canteen area H-lux / V-lux (ratio) Roof classroom 525 Roof classroom 513 classroom 525 office 421 classroom 513 office room 404 office 421 office room 404 classroom 320 classroom 320 classroom 307 classroom 307 Lecture 241 Lecture 241 classroom 208 classroom 208 office 148 office 148 canteen area canteen area recommended range guideline limit PM (2.5) mg/m guideline limit guideline limit recommended range guideline limit 30

31 Occupant Satisfaction of Staff and Students of the IE How satisfied with temperature at work place How satisfied with air quality at work place very satisfied satisfied ~ 33% very satisfied satisfied 42% Somewhat satisfied Somewhat satisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied Somewhat dissatisfied Dissatisfied Very dissatisfied How satisfied with acoustic quality at work place ~ 52% Somewhat dissatisfied Dissatisfied Very dissatisfied How satisfied with overall building ~ 39% very satisfied satisfied ~ 46% very satisfied satisfied ~ 51% Somewhat satisfied Somewhat satisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied Somewhat dissatisfied Dissatisfied ~ 37% Somewhat dissatisfied Dissatisfied ~ 39% Very dissatisfied Very dissatisfied 31

32 Overall survey performance Rose Bowl All buildings acoustic quality cleanliness & maintenance general satisfactionbuilding general satisfactionworkplace office layout key: lighting office furnishings 1 = very dissatisfied 4 = neither satisfied or dissatisfied 7 = very satisfied air quality thermal comfort Note: All buildings refer to the total average of results across the independent database 32

33 Summing up 1. Engaged Estates Services Proactive approach Responding to complaints 2. Identify what needs to be measured Health & wellbeing (IEQ) Occupant satisfaction 4. Measure IEQ Use external IEQ experts Don t rely on un tested sensors NABERS IE 3. Select relevant rating tools Robust science based approach Efficient & timely IEQ assessment 5. Act on results At Rose Bowl; Ventilation rates increased to eliminate formaldehyde Ventilation increased to reduce temperature Looking to enhance acoustic barriers and create quiet zones Looking to update specification on materials and furniture in relation to VOCs Will reassess situation after measures implemented Will extend IEQ analysis to other buildings across the University 33

34 Financial Benefits of Wellness and Productivity

35 The Facts from Research and Application Indoor climate/environments (IAQ/IEQ) affect performance/efficiency at work. There is systematic and strong evidence that suboptimal office IEQ conditions (for knowledge work) will produce efficiency and probably productivity loss of the order of 1-10% of labour outcomes. Targetted improvements will recover this loss. The loss may be a few percent of labour outcomes but its value is large and much more than energy and building management savings. IEQ improvements are a significant tool for occupant satisfaction and wellbeing

36 Barriers Till Now Many stakeholders consider topic is too complex to understand. Investors/Owners vs Tenants/Occupants, two different views Sharing gains/profit mechanisms not developed Adoptees using IEQ for own commercial gain and not sharing data. Fear of HR and Brand Image from poor IEQ exposure Definitions of Efficiency and Productivity Links with Finance and Economic experts Education and Research alignments

37 WorldGBC endorsement of IEQ WorldGBC s Health, Wellbeing and Productivity in Offices report raised awareness of this important topic and set out a framework for organisations to measure how their building impacts on their most valuable asset, their employees.

38 World Green Building Council DOLLARS MATTERS

39 Regular publication of indices allows for immediate high level management

40 OECD - Types of Productivity Measures Labour productivity Quantity index of gross economic output / Quantity economic index of Labour Input Labour remains the single most important input to office work. Labour input is..measured as the total number of hours worked Hours paid and full-time equivalent persons can provide reasonable alternatives. Labour Efficiency Ratio of non-economic parameters e.g. task speed, sick leave rate and cognitive ability. Efficiency may contribute to productivity.

41 Cascade of Productivity Measurement Global Continent Country Regional Organizational Facility Sectional Personal Increasing # of Sectors Productivity Index = Output/Input

42 Educational Productivity Measures Educational productivity gross academic output / Fiscal Input gross academic output / Labour Cost Input gross academic output / Capital Cost Input Educational Efficiency Ratio of non-economic parameters e.g. task speed, sick leave rate and cognitive ability, scores/student. Efficiency may contribute to productivity.

43 Educational Productivity and Ranking Hanushek.Stanford.edu, (2015) 43

44 Rating Systems to Obtain Productivity from IEQ? Readily Available Well Structured and Proven Technically Accepted by owners and occupiers Internally comparable Design Ratings eg BREEAM, LEED,..- Weak on POE and IEQ, no Occupant Satisfaction Surveys WELL Comprehensive but not all data dose response related NABERS Strong on performance IEQ and Occupant Satisfaction- Rate Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE)

45 Case Studies Evidence of IEQ affecting Productivity

46 Labour Productivity Gains 6 months after move % average but not uniform Productivity% Productivity%

47 Ten Other P&POE Productivity Assessments by CETEC IEQ Gain 200/m2 Energy Gain = $A100- = $A 15-20/m2

48 Work Environment Productivity Assessment for Education Administration and FM Staff productivity and KPIs Research Research productivity Education Student satisfaction Student performance Branding Reputation

49 Assessment of Indoor Environment Quality on Occupant Wellbeing and Educational Outcomes 20 th September 2017 TEMC Authors Ben Lindsay CETEC Pty Ltd Consultant Vyt Garnys CETEC Group of Companies Managing Director & Principal Consultant Melbourne-Sydney-Brisbane-London (UK)