Innovation in biomass - challenges and opportunities. Carolina Andrade, PhD Diretora do Instituto SENAI de Inovação em Biomassa

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1 Innovation in biomass - challenges and opportunities Carolina Andrade, PhD Diretora do Instituto SENAI de Inovação em Biomassa

2 SENAI SENAI: National Service for Industrial Training A non-profit network established and maintained by the Brazilian Confederation of Industry 27 Industry Federations (more than 800 establishments) About industrial establishments contributes do the system.

3 SENAI - Program for supporting Brazilian Industrial Competitiviness

4 Institutes SENAI for Innovation Business plan and implantation Innovation zones

5 Institutes SENAI for Innovation PA: Mineral technology RN: Renewable Energy AM: Microeletronic TOTAL PE: IT & Comunication BA: Welding & Material Union BA: Automation BA: Logistic MG: Surface Engenering MS: Biomass PR: ConstructiveTecnology PR: Eletrochemistry SC: Laser Technology SC: Embedded systems SC: Manufacturing systems MG: Special Alloys MG: Mineral Processing MG: Electric Energy RJ: Interactive production system RJ: Applied Green Chemistry RJ: Biosynthetic SP: Micromanufacturing SP: Ceramic engineering SC: Polymer engineering SP: Biotechnology SC: Integrated solution for Metal-mecanic SP: Defense

6 Location of ISI Biomass

7 Service Portfolio / Technology Platforms: ISI Biomass Core Competences Use of Waste and Engineering Process Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Applications for residual Biomass from forestry and agriculture. Chemical and instrumental analysis of biomass products. Disposal of waste generated in the production of bio-products. Chemical processes for converting biomass Energy and Sustainability Scheduling the process of biomass processing. Development and optimization of fermentation processes. Bio-integrated production. Applied enzymology and bio-catalysis. Fermentation in solid state and submerged for the production of enzymes. Development of Product Oriented Materials Improved and increased efficiency in the process of transformation of biomass into fuels. Economic feasibility studies and technical process of biomass. Environmental impacts of bio-based production processes. Use of methodologies for sustainable manufacturing Selection and cultivation of microorganisms (archaea, bacteria and fungi) that are enzyme producers. Processes for microbial conversion of biomass and byproducts. Production of various types of sugars via chemical or fermentation process. Chemicals and monomers of renewable raw materials

8 ISI Biomass Biomass processing for innovation and value aggregation Pectins Proteins Chem. Soc. Rev., 41,

9 Equal or Different?

10 Energy from Biomass

11 Wood as a source for biofuels Large amount of stored energy in cellulose Fast grow tree Brazil is the first producer of short-fiber pulp from the world Sixth in total production of cellulose

12 Conventional Genetic Breeding Same area in 70`s Nowadays Increasing in homogeneity Incrasing in productivity

13 The Ideal Wood? High cellulose content Low lignin content Low growth rate Not adapted to Brazilian climate Eucalyptus globulus (Tasmania Blue Gum) Fast growth rate E. globulus Intermediate andis cellulose content Intermediate resistance ophylla Eucalyptus grandis (Rose Gum) Insect-resistance Resistance to abiotic stress Low cellulose content High Recalcitrance (high lignin content?) Eucalyptus urophylla (Timor Mountain Gum)

14 Cell Wall Architecture Glycome Profiling Cell Wall Isolation Cell wall fractionation with increasing harshness solutions Ammonium oxalate Weak ligation Calcium carbonate Potassium hydroxide 1M Potassium hydroxide 4M Sodium chlorite Potassium hydroxide 4M (PC) Strong ligation Pattathil et al. Plant Physio 153:

15 E. gl E. gl E. gl E. gl E. gl E. gl Week binding Strong binding Glycome Profiling - Carbonate Fraction E. globulus andis ophylla More xyloglucan released in ophylla. Less Cellulose Less secondary cell wall Salazar et al., unplublished data Ammonium Carbonate 1M 4M Chlorite 4M PC

16 E. gl E. gl E. gl E. gl E. gl E. gl Week binding Strong binding Glycome Profiling - Chlorite Fraction E. globulus andis ophylla Xyloglucan and group of xylan released only in ophylla. More connections between cell wall molecules = MORE RECALCITRANCE Salazar et al., unplublished data Ammonium Carbonate 1M 4M Chlorite 4M PC

17 Eucalyptus wood Cell wall molecules in two different scenarios: Molecules loosely connected to the wall including cellulose Molecules tightly connected to the wall Architecture has more influence on wall recalcitrance than lignin content More cellulose content Less lignin content Looser wall E. globulus andis ophylla More lignin content Intermediate loose wall Less cellulose content Tightly wall More recalcitrance

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19 Final considerations Enzymatic process to optimize hydrolysis of biomass energy; Tools to increase productivity related to bioenergy ; Bioreactor to cultivate biomass degraders; and others. Project 1 Project 3 Project 2 Project 4

20 Thank you! Carolina Andrade, PhD