Perspectives for an Economic and Climate Friendly Power Generation

Transcription

1 Perspectives for an Economic and Climate Friendly Power Generation Forum II Fossil Fired Power Generation Position of Technology Suppliers ALSTOM Power AG Dr. Georg Gasteiger Hanover, April 26th 2006 Seite 1

2 World Content Energy Dialogue 2006 Perspectives for an economic and climate friendly power generation Opportunities and Challenges for Technology Suppliers in the World Power Generation Market Status and Outlook on Advanced Highly Efficient Power Generation Technologies CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) as a Bridge Function towards a Sustainable Energy Future Seite 2

3 World Power Energy Generation Dialogue and Demands 2006 of Society Providing profitable growth, environmental protection and reliability of supply for social welfare Parameters in Power Generation Worldwide Growing world population Economic growth Increasing per capita energy consumption Development of energy prices Environmental concerns (CO2, nuclear safety, etc.) Structural changes in industries Increasing power demand Commercial Profitability Social Welfare Global Trends in Power Generation Deregulation / Liberalization Globalization Privatization New requirements for power generation Environmental Impacts Reliability of Supply Source: Siemens Seite 3

4 World Export Energy Drives Dialogue German Power 2006 Plant Supplier s Business High order intake in 2005 Order intake of German technology suppliers for power generation was almost 9 b in 2005 Export quote of contracts was more than 80% Increased activities in German home market due to upswing in new orders German power plant suppliers employ about 60,000 people worldwide of which approx. 1/3 are in Germany Cost competitive power generation solutions must be offered for the world market to fulfill the need for affordable addition of power generation capacity Source: VDMA Seite 4

5 World Orders Energy in Power Dialogue Generation 2006Equipment Worldwide About 100 GW/a new power plant installation are forecasted for the next years GW/a. 160 by Technology GW/a 160 by Region GT 80 China f-09f CC ST Conv. ST Nuclear Hydro f-09f India Rest of Asia LAM NAM MEA Russia & CIS Europe LAM = Latin Americas, NAM = North Americas, MEA = Middle East & Africa Source: Alstom Seite 5

6 World Outlook Energy of Global Dialogue CO2 Emissions 2006 Reduction Advised Goal: A long-term moderate and stable CO2 concentration in the atmosphere Global Carbon Emissions [Gt] IPCC* Scenarios 1000 ppm 550 ppm 450 ppm Business-as-usual Required reduction Desirable reduction Global Temperature Rise ºC ppm 550 ppm 1000 ppm 2100 range Further rises to ~40% caused by Power Generation * Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Source: WBCSD 2005 Seite 6

7 World Efficiency Energy Development Dialogue 2006 of Fossil-Fueled Power Plants Less consumption of resources by efficiency increase is a no-regret strategy Lignite-fired steam power plant Hard coal-fired steam power plant Combined-cycle power plant 965 MW η = 43% 1100 MW η > 45% 400 MW η = 58% BoA-1 Niederaußem, Germany Datteln 4, Germany (commissioning: 2011) Development of state-of-the-art electric net efficiency * Mainz-Wiesbaden, Germany 1992: 36 % 2005: 43 % Target 2020: >52% * based on lower heating value (LHV) 1992: 42 % 2005: 46 % Target 2020: >52% 1992: 52 % 2005: 58 % Target 2020: >63 % Seite 7

8 World Status Energy of Today s Dialogue Technology: 2006 Steam Power Plants BoA-2 World s largest lignite-fired supercritical boiler and first european turbine with Titanium last stage blades Fuel: Lignite Power Output: 2 x 1,100 MW Live Steam: 260 bar / 595 C Commissioning: 2009 Source: RWE Customer: RWE Power AG Location: Neurath, Germany Source: Alstom Seite 8

9 World Lignite-fired Energy Steam Dialogue Generator 2006 Development Significant progress has been made and continues - Power Output (gross) - Efficiency (net) - Steam Parameter Source: RWE /530/ /530/ > MWe > 52 % > /600/ /580/ /554/ /547/ /700/720 bar/ C/ C Process Optimization Once Through Technology Low NOx FGD Flue Gas Waste Heat Utilization Pre-dried Lignite (WTA) Material Development (SH) X20 T91 Austenitic Materials Ni-based Materials Seite 9

10 World Status Energy of Today s Dialogue Technology: 2006 Steam Generators Pulverized fuel and fluidized bed combustion systems offer specific advantages Pulverized Fuel Technology: Fuel: Hard coal Power Output: 2 x 1000 MW Live Steam: 297 bar / 605 C Fluidized Bed Technology: Fuel: Hard coal, biomass Power Output: 340 MW Live Steam: 197 bar / 565 C m Wai Gao Qiao III, China Sulcis, Italy + 55,4 m ± 0.0 m + 2,3 m Source: Alstom Seite 10

11 World Next Generation Energy Dialogue of Steam 2006 Generators: Development Goals Test facility COMTES 700 integrated in Scholven power plant Qualification of manufacturing processes of Nickel-based materials for large components Demonstration of operation safety and reliability at steam temperature of 700 C Proof of integrity under real operation conditions Tests with 43 t/h steam Goal: 700 C Demonstration Power Plant Source: Alstom Seite 11

12 World Material Energy Aspects Dialogue of High 2006 Pressure 700 C Steam Turbines Ability to manufacture components with new advanced materials Nickel Based Alloy 10% Chrome Steel Steam Turbine Rotor: welding tests for later fabrication Valve Block: demonstration of operational safety at 700 C steam temperatures Welding Test Valve Block 9 mm Nickel Based Alloy 10% Chrome Steel Nickel Based Alloy Source: Alstom Seite 12

13 World Specific Energy CO2 Emissions Dialogue 2006 of Hard Coal Fired Power Plants High potential of CO2 mitigation by efficiency increase 1400 Spez. Spec. CO2-Emissionen Emissions [g/kwh] Worldwide Average - 35% CO 2 Status of Technology - 42% Advanced Steam Power Plant (700 C) or 3rd Gen. IGCC Wirkungsgrad Efficiency [%] Source: Alstom Seite 13

14 World Status Energy of Today s Dialogue Technology: 2006 Combined Cycle Power Plants Optimised plant integration on the basis of GT26 technology Fuel: Natural Gas Power Output: 1,200 MW Net Efficiency: > 57 % Commissioning: GT26 gas turbines, single-shaft power trains Picture of Cartagena plant during construction Customer: Gas Natural Location: Cartagena, Spain Source: Alstom Seite 14

15 World Next Generation Energy Dialogue of Gas 2006 Turbines: Development Goals Consensus of gas turbine manufacturers Compression & Expansion Unit Capacity: > 300 MW Parameters: up to 1,700 K / 30 bar Efficiency: > 40% NO x -Emissions: < 10 ppm Combustion Cooling Increase of turbine inlet temperature and combustion flexibility, less cooling air Higher efficiency of compressor and turbine, lower aerodynamic losses Source: AG Turbo Seite 15

16 World Technology Energy under Dialogue Demonstration: 2006 IGCC Power Plants Coal-fueled integrated gasification combined cycles Fuel: Coal, Pet Coke Power Output: 300 MW Net Efficiency: > 42 % Commissioning: 1997 Customer: Elcogas Location: Puertollano, Spain Picture of Puertollano demonstration plant Source: Siemens Gasification Gas Conditioning Combined Cycle Dust Sulfur Feed stock Air Separation Unit Slag CO 2 Air Principle scheme of an IGCC process with CO2 capture Development goals for 3 rd generation IGCC power plants to become commercial: - net efficiency > 50% - higher availability - lower capital cost Seite 16

17 World Polygeneration Energy Dialogue via Gasification 2006 IGCC Flexibility IGCC uses a diversity of feedstocks for co-production of power, H2 & chemicals IGCC combines proven technologies of chemical and power industry Source: NTEL Saving noble natural gas and oil by using low-grade feedstocks Sustaining domestic power supply Bridging to a future hydrogen-based economy Source: Siemens Seite 17

18 World Strategy Energy Towards Dialogue Long-term 2006 Zero Emission Power Plants Flexible strategy to cover an uncertain future CO 2 Reduction Depends on CO 2 costs and storage potential Zero Emission Trajectory Increased Efficiency Trajectory Highest efficiencies underpin the realization of zero emission power plants Near-term Mid-term Long-term Time Seite 18

19 World Catagories Energy of CO2 Dialogue Capture 2006Processes Zero emission technologies might play an important option Power Plant with CO 2 Capture Pre-combustion Oxyfuel Post-combustion Source: Vattenfall Source: Vattenfall Efficiency reduction: 5-14 %-points Cost of CO 2 avoided: /t CO 2 Seite 19

20 World Development Energy Needs Dialogue of CO2 2006Capture Processes Step-by-step progress towards a first-of-a-kind large-scale plant Post-combustion CO 2 Capture (Amine Process) Improvement of chemical and physical sorbents Pre-combustion CO 2 Capture (IGCC) Fuel decarbonization and H 2 combustion turbines, membrane technologies Cross Technology Actions: Optimised integration Limitation of efficiency reduction Oxyfuel Process Oxyfuel combustion with flue gas recirculation, adapted firing system and steam generator, oxygen membranes Chemical looping processes (metal oxides) Seite 20

21 World Conclusion Energy for Dialogue High-Efficient 2006 and Low-Emission Technologies Perspectives for an economic and climate friendly power generation Today s power generation portfolio includes advanced technologies for high efficient fossil-fired power plants. Best available technologies and solutions improve our customers competitiveness and profitability worldwide. Significant power plant innovations including CO 2 capture as a long-term option are under development. However, the success of near zero emission plants depends on future market conditions and public acceptance. Ongoing R&D investments should be pushed in close cooperation with utilities, science and governments. We welcome and actively support related initiatives such as the European Technology Platform ZEFFPP and the German power generation technology program COORETEC. Seite 21