When fossil fuels burn, they release gases into the atmosphere. Two products that result are acid

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1 Chapter 15 Study Guide STUDY TIPS Read the chapter objectives. Look up any unfamiliar words. Read the questions below before you read the chapter. As you read the chapter, answer the following questions. Later you can use this guide to review the information in the chapter. Lesson 1 1. Where does most air pollution come from? The burning of fossil fuels. 2. What happens when fossil fuels burn? What are two products that result? When fossil fuels burn, they release gases into the atmosphere. Two products that result are acid rain and ozone. 3. Define ozone. Explain how ozone can be both helpful and harmful. Ozone is a special form of oxygen. Ozone at ground level can cause many kinds of respiratory problems. In the atmosphere, ozone is very helpful. A protective layer of ozone shields the earth from harmful rays of the sun. 4. Name the two sources of the water that people drink, and explain or give an example of each. Surface water, such as lakes and rivers, and groundwater, or water that collects under the earth s surface. 110 TEEN HEALTH COURSE 2 STUDENT WORKBOOK Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill

2 Lesson 2 5. For what does the acronym EPA stand? What is the EPA and what does it do? Environmental Protection Agency; The EPA is an agency of the United States government that is committed to protecting the environment. 6. For what does the acronym OSHA stand? What is OSHA and what does it do? Occupational Safety and Health Administration; OSHA is a branch of the U.S. Department of Labor whose job is to ensure the protection of American workers. 7. List four ways that people can reduce air pollution. Carpool or take public transportation, ride your bike or walk to nearby activities, remain tobacco free, plant trees. 8. List four ways that people can prevent water pollution. Reduce toxic runoff by walking pets in grassy or undeveloped areas; use biodegradable soaps, detergents, and bleaches; help protect oceans, streams, rivers, and lakes; dispose of chemicals properly. 9. What are the Three Rs that you can use to keep garbage out of landfills? Reduce, reuse, recycle. 10. List five types of common household items that can be recycled. Aluminum, cardboard, glass, paper, plastic. 11. What is one way to conserve energy while cooking? Any one: When cooking a small amount of food, use a microwave or toaster oven instead of a conventional oven; don t preheat a conventional oven for longer than necessary; don t open the oven door unnecessarily while cooking. Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill TEEN HEALTH COURSE 2 STUDENT WORKBOOK 111

3 Activity Use with Chapter 15, Lesson Applying Health Skills Pollution Words Define the words as indicated and answer the related questions. 1. What is the difference between biodegradable and nonbiodegradable materials? List an example of each. Biodegradable material is easily broken down in the environment. It would slowly disintegrate if you left it outside, where it would be exposed to air and rain. Nonbiodegradable materials would not disintegrate in these conditions. Examples will vary: Biodegradable: newspapers; food wastes. Nonbiodegradable: plastics. 2. Define hazardous wastes and list four examples. Hazardous wastes are human-made liquid, solid, or sludge wastes that may endanger human health or the environment. Examples may vary: detergents, paint, batteries, plastics, fabrics, pesticides, some types of insulation. 3. What are acid rain and smog? What is the source of both? Acid rain is rain that is more acidic than normal. Smog is a yellow-brown haze that forms when sunlight reacts with air pollution. The source of both is the burning of fossil fuels. 4. What is ozone? What is its source? Ozone, a special form of oxygen, is a major component of smog, which can cause many kinds of respiratory problems. The source of ozone is the burning of fossil fuels. 5. What is the difference between surface water and groundwater? Why are oil spills and chemical waste a threat to these sources of water? Surface water is the kind found in lakes and rivers. Groundwater is water that collects under the earth s surface. Oil spills and chemical waste are a threat to these sources of water because runoff rainwater or snowmelt runs over the land and through the ground. As it moves, it picks up pollution and wastes and carries these chemicals to surface water or groundwater supplies. 112 TEEN HEALTH COURSE 2 STUDENT WORKBOOK Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill

4 Activity Use with Chapter 15, Lesson Applying Health Skills Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Suggest a way to reduce, reuse, or recycle each waste item listed below. Then answer the question that follows. One item has been filled in as an example. Answer will vary possible answers are provided. Waste Item Reduce Reuse Recycle paper grocery Use your own basket Carry groceries Use for crafts bag or cloth bags instead again. projects. of paper. glass tomato Buy products that Store leftovers. Store nails sauce jar come in bulk. or other hardware. stack of used Print only when Print drafts Use as scratch computer printer necessary. on both sides paper for notes. paper of paper. out-of-fashion Avoid buying Keep jeans Donate to charity. jeans trendy clothes. fashions change, or cut them to make shorts. used juice Buy concentrate No way to reuse. Accepted for boxes and mix your own. recycling in some areas only. Based on your suggestions, which types of products would you say are the worst for the environment? Explain. The worst products for the environment are those that have no use except what they were originally intended for, such as juice boxes or paper towels. This makes them impossible to reuse. Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill TEEN HEALTH COURSE 2 STUDENT WORKBOOK 113

5 Chapter 15 Health Inventory Health Do you take steps to protect yourself and the environment from the health hazards of pollution? In the space at the left, put a check ( ) next to each statement that describes you or your home. 1. I carpool or take public transportation when I can. 2. I ride my bike or walk to nearby activities. 3. I remain tobacco free. 4. In my home we use biodegradable soaps, detergents, and bleaches. 5. I do not throw hazardous materials out with the regular trash. 6. I clean up after my pets. 7. I don t litter. 8. In my home, we accumulate a full load before we wash laundry or run the dishwasher. 9. I turn off the television when it s not in use. 10. I pick up litter left by others. 11. I recycle aluminum, cardboard, glass, paper, and plastic. 12. I avoid using disposable plates and cups. 13. During cold weather, I wear an extra layer of clothing instead of turning up the thermostat. 14. I switch off the lights when I leave a room. 15. When cooking a small amount of food, I use a microwave or toaster oven instead of a conventional oven. Score yourself: Write the number of checks here : You re acting responsibly toward the environment. 8 11: You could do more to reduce pollution. Fewer than 8: The environment is everyone s responsibility. Reread Chapter 15 to review the steps you can take. 114 TEEN HEALTH COURSE 2 STUDENT WORKBOOK Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill