U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES JANUARY 2019

Transcription

1 Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, February 15, USDL Technical information: (202) Media contact: (202) U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES JANUARY U.S. import prices fell 0.5 percent in January, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, following a 1.0-percent drop in December and a 1.7-percent decrease in November. Both fuel and nonfuel prices contributed to the January decline. Prices for U.S. exports decreased 0.6 percent for the second consecutive month in January. Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price : January January 1-month percent change 12-month percent change Jan'18 Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan'19 Imports Prices for U.S. imports declined 0.5 percent in January and 3.1 percent over the last 3 months. The 3-month drop was the largest decrease since the index fell 3.1 percent from July 2015 to October Import prices decreased 1.7 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year decline since the index fell 2.2 percent in August (See table 1.) Impact of the Temporary Lapse in Government Spending The temporary lapse in government appropriations for some federal agencies resulted in an interruption of data collected by the U.S. Department of Agriculture that impacted the collection of export price data for the January release. For more information, please see page 5.

2 Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices decreased 3.2 percent in January and 22.5 percent over the past 3 months, the largest drop over a 3-month period since the index fell 29.2 percent for the 3 months ended in February The January drop was primarily driven by a 44.2-percent drop in natural gas prices; petroleum prices edged down 0.1 percent. The decline in natural gas prices followed a percent increase over the fourth quarter of. Fuel prices decreased 14.4 percent over the past year. A 14.5-percent drop in petroleum prices and a 20.0-percent decline in prices for natural gas each contributed to the overall decrease in fuel prices from January to January. All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports fell 0.2 percent in January. The January decrease was led by falling prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; consumer goods; automotive vehicles; and foods, feeds, and beverages which more than offset higher prices for capital goods. Import prices excluding fuel also declined 0.2 percent over the past year. Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials decreased 0.7 percent in January, driven by lower prices for unfinished metals and chemicals. Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mostly down in January. Consumer goods prices fell 0.3 percent and prices for automotive vehicles declined 0.2 percent. Capital goods prices ticked up 0.1 percent. Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for foods, feeds, and beverages declined 0.3 percent in January. An 11.2-percent drop in vegetable prices more than offset an 8.2-percent rise in fruit prices. Table A. in Import and Export Price es, selected categories 2

3 Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent change in the Export Price : January January month percent change 12-month percent change Jan'18 Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan'19 Exports Prices for U.S. exports decreased 0.6 percent in January, after falling 0.6 percent in December and 0.8 percent in November. Export prices have only recorded one monthly advance since June. In January, both nonagricultural prices and agricultural prices contributed to the decline. The price index for overall exports decreased 0.2 percent for the year ended in January, the first 12-month decline since the index fell 0.2 percent in November (See table 2.) Agricultural Exports: Agricultural export prices declined 2.1 percent in January, the largest monthly decrease since the index fell 5.2 percent in July. The January drop followed increases of 3.8 percent in December and 1.7 percent in November. A 34.6-percent fall in export vegetable prices drove the January decline in agricultural prices. Despite the January drop, export agricultural prices advanced 0.2 percent over the past year. All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports declined 0.3 percent in January, after falling 1.1 percent in December and 1.0 percent in November. Decreasing prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials and consumer goods more than offset higher prices for capital goods and automotive vehicles. Prices for nonagricultural exports fell 0.2 percent from January to January, the first decrease over a 12-month period since the index declined 0.2 percent in November The drop over the past 12 months was driven by a 2.4-percent decrease in nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices. Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials decreased 1.4 percent in January following a 3.4-percent decline the previous month. The January drop was led by a 3.4-percent decline in fuel prices. Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mixed in January. Prices for capital goods advanced 0.4 percent, the largest monthly increase for the index since a 0.6-percent rise in April. The price index for automotive vehicles ticked up 0.1 percent. In contrast, consumer goods prices fell 0.4 percent, the largest decline since the index decreased 1.0 percent in January

4 Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China declined 0.3 percent in January, after edging down 0.1 percent in each of the 2 previous months. The January decline was the largest monthly drop since the index fell 0.3 percent in September The price index for imports from Canada fell 1.5 percent and import prices from Mexico decreased 1.0 percent in January. Lower fuel prices factored into the declines for imports from both countries. In contrast, import prices from Japan ticked up 0.1 percent in January following 0.1-percent declines in December and November. Prices for imports from the European Union increased 0.2 percent in January following declines of 0.1 percent in December and 0.4 percent in November. (See table 7.) Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China declined 0.5 percent in January, after decreasing 0.8 percent the previous month. Lower prices for manufactured exports more than offset higher nonmanufactured export prices. Prices for exports to Japan fell 1.0 percent in January following a 0.4- percent drop in December. The January decline was the largest monthly decrease since the index was introduced in December The price index for exports to Canada decreased 2.8 percent in January and prices for exports to Mexico declined 1.3 percent over the same period. In contrast, export prices to the European Union increased 0.5 percent in January, after falling 0.6 percent the previous month. (See table 8.) Terms of Trade es: Terms of Trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The U.S. terms of trade with China fell 0.2 percent in January following a 0.7-percent drop in December. For both months, the terms of trade fell because export prices to China declined at a higher rate than import prices from China. The U.S. terms of trade with Japan decreased 1.1 percent in January, the largest monthly decline since the index was first published in December Lower export prices to Japan and rising import prices from Japan both contributed to the January drop in the terms of trade. The index of U.S. terms of trade with Canada fell 1.4 percent in January following a 4.7-percent increase in December and a 7.7-percent rise in November. The U.S. terms of trade with Mexico declined 0.2 percent in January. In contrast, the U.S. terms of trade with the European Union rose 0.2 percent in January. (See table 9.) Import and Export Services Imports: Import air passenger fares declined 3.8 percent in January, after a 7.6-percent advance the previous month. In January, the decrease was driven by a 12.3-percent drop in Asian fares and a percent fall in Latin American/Caribbean fares. Despite the January drop, import air passenger fares rose 1.2 percent over the past 12 months. The price index for import air freight fell 1.1 percent in January following a 3.2-percent drop in December. Despite the recent declines, import air freight prices increased 4.7 percent for the year ended in January. (See table 10.) Exports: The index for export air passenger fares rose 7.0 percent in January, the largest monthly advance since the index rose 7.9 percent in December The increase was led by a 14.6-percent rise in Latin American/Caribbean fares and a 12.5-percent advance in Asian fares. Export air passenger fares fell 2.9 percent over the past year. Export air freight prices increased 1.5 percent in January and 5.2 percent over the past 12 months. Import and Export Price data for February are scheduled for release on Thursday, March 14, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT). 4

5 Impact of the Temporary Lapse in Government Spending The temporary lapse in government appropriations impacted some of the prices collected by the International Price Program. Farm Services Data published monthly by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and used to calculate export price indexes were not available for soybeans, corn, wheat, sorghum, and barley. The January prices for those products were estimated using price data from another USDA survey produced by the Agricultural Marketing Service. The related detailed price indexes for January thus do not meet the International Price Program criteria for publication. The estimates will not impact the accuracy of the price indexes at broader product categories. The following detailed product category indexes are solely or mostly derived from estimated prices and will not be published in January. The indexes for export grains will resume publication with the February indexes released on March 14,. Bureau of Economic Analysis End Use Classification System Q000 Wheat and Rice Q00000 Wheat Q001 Soybeans & Other Oil Seeds Q00100 Soybeans and Soybean by-products, Prior to the Extraction of Oil Q00200 Corn Q00210 Other Feedgrains Harmonized Classification System D10 Cereals D1001 Wheat and Meslin D1005 Corn (Maize) D12 Oilseeds and Miscellaneous Grains, Seeds, Fruits, Plants, Straw and Fodder D1201 Soybeans, Whether or not Broken North American Industry Classification System Y1111 Oilseed and Grain Farming Y11111 Soybean Farming Y11114 Wheat Farming Y11115 Corn Farming 5

6 Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January to January [2000=100, unless otherwise noted] End Use to to to to to All commodities All imports excluding food and fuels ( 2010=100) All imports excluding petroleum All imports excluding fuels ( 2001=100) Foods, feeds, & beverages Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages) Industrial supplies & materials Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels ( 2001=100) Industrial supplies & materials, durable Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum Fuels & lubricants Petroleum & petroleum products Crude Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas Gas-natural Paper & paper base stocks Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials Selected building materials Unfinished metals related to durable goods Finished metals related to durable goods Nonmetals related to durable goods Capital goods Electric generating equipment Nonelectrical machinery Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles ( 2001=100) Automotive vehicles, parts & engines Consumer goods, excluding automotives Nondurables, manufactured Durables, manufactured Nonmanufactured consumer goods figures are based on 2017 trade values. 6

7 Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January to January [2000=100, unless otherwise noted] End Use to to to to All commodities Agricultural commodities All exports excluding food and fuels ( 2010=100) Nonagricultural commodities Foods, feeds, & beverages Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages) Industrial supplies & materials Industrial supplies & materials, durable Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable Agricultural industrial supplies & materials Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials Fuels & lubricants Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials Selected building materials Capital goods Electrical generating equipment Nonelectrical machinery Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles ( 2001=100) Automotive vehicles, parts & engines Consumer goods, excluding automotives Nondurables, manufactured Durables, manufactured Nonmanufactured consumer goods ( =100) to 1 figures are based on 2017 trade values. 7

8 Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: January to January [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted] NAICS to to to to Nonmanufacturing Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting Crop production Mining Oil and gas extraction Manufacturing Manufacturing, part Food manufacturing Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing Textile mills ( 2011=100) Textile product mills Apparel manufacturing Leather and allied product manufacturing Manufacturing, part Paper manufacturing Petroleum and coal products manufacturing Chemical manufacturing Plastics and rubber products manufacturing Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing Manufacturing, part Primary metal manufacturing Fabricated metal product manufacturing Machinery manufacturing Computer and electronic product manufacturing Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing Transportation equipment manufacturing Furniture and related product manufacturing Miscellaneous manufacturing to 1 figures are based on 2017 trade values. 8

9 Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: January to January [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted] NAICS to to to to Nonmanufacturing Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting Crop production Mining Mining (except oil and gas) Manufacturing Manufacturing, part Food manufacturing Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing Manufacturing, part Wood product manufacturing ( 2017=100) Paper manufacturing Petroleum and coal products manufacturing Chemical manufacturing Plastics and rubber products manufacturing Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing Manufacturing, part Primary metal manufacturing Fabricated metal product manufacturing Machinery manufacturing Computer and electronic product manufacturing Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing Transportation equipment manufacturing Furniture and related product manufacturing ( 2011=100) Miscellaneous manufacturing to 1 figures are based on 2017 trade values. 9

10 Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January to January [2000=100, unless otherwise noted] Harmonized system to to to to to Live animals; animal products.... I Meat and edible meat offal Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates Vegetable products... II Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons Coffee, tea, mate and spices Animal or vegetable fats and oils ( 2009=100)... III Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco... IV Cocoa and cocoa preparations ( 2009=100) Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants Beverages, spirits, and vinegar Mineral products... V Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes Products of the chemical or allied industries... VI Inorganic chemicals Organic chemicals Pharmaceutical products Fertilizers ( 2009=100) Essential oils and resinoids ( 2016=100) Miscellaneous chemical products Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof... VII Plastics and articles thereof Rubber and articles thereof Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel goods, etc... VIII Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork... IX Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products... X Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard Textile and textile articles.... XI Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted Made-up or worn textile articles See footnotes at end of table. 10

11 Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January to January Continued [2000=100, unless otherwise noted] Harmonized system to to to to Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc... XII Footwear and parts of such articles Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc... XIII Ceramic products Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins... XIV Base metals and articles of base metals.... XV Iron and steel Articles of iron or steel Copper and articles thereof Aluminum and articles thereof Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof Miscellaneous articles of base metal Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc... XVI Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment... XVII Motor vehicles and their parts Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof ( 2002=100) Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces XVIII Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments Clocks and watches and parts thereof Miscellaneous manufactured articles.... XX Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof Miscellaneous manufactured articles figures are based on 2017 trade values. to 11

12 Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January to January [2000=100, unless otherwise noted] Harmonized system to to to to Live animals; animal products.... I Meat & edible meat offal ( 2006=100) Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates ( 2016=100) Vegetable products... II Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons Cereals Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco... IV Miscellaneous edible preparations ( 2017=100) Beverages, spirits, and vinegar ( 2008=100) Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed Mineral products... V Ores, slag and ash ( 2012=100) Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes Products of the chemical or allied industries... VI Inorganic chemicals Organic chemicals Pharmaceutical products Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints varnish, putty, & inks ( 2015=100) Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes Miscellaneous chemical products Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof... VII Plastics and articles thereof Rubber and articles thereof Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork ( 2014=100)... IX Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products... X Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard Textile and textile articles.... XI Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc... XIII Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins... XIV Base metals and articles of base metals.... XV to See footnotes at end of table. 12

13 Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January to January Continued [2000=100, unless otherwise noted] Harmonized system to to to to Copper and articles thereof Aluminum and articles thereof Miscellaneous articles of base metal Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc... XVI Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment... XVII Motor vehicles and their parts Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces XVIII Miscellaneous manufactured articles.... XX Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi; Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof figures are based on 2017 trade values. to 13

14 Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: January to January [2000=100, unless otherwise noted] to to to to Industrialized Countries Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing Canada Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing European Union Manufacturing France ( 2003=100) Germany ( 2003=100) United Kingdom ( 2003=100) Latin America Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing Mexico ( 2003=100) Nonmanufacturing ( 2008=100) Manufacturing ( 2008=100) Pacific Rim ( 2003=100) China ( 2003=100) Japan Taiwan ( =100) Asian NICs ASEAN ( 2003=100) Asia Near East ( 2003=100) to 1 figures are based on 2017 trade values. 2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. 3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. 4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. 5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. 6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. 7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Regions are not mutually exclusive. 14

15 Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: January to January [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted] to to to to to Industrialized Countries Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing Canada European Union Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing Germany Latin America Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing Mexico Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing Pacific Rim Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing China Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing Japan Nonmanufacturing Manufacturing figures are based on 2017 trade values. 2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. 3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. 4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. Regions are not mutually exclusive. 15

16 Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: January to January 1 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted] to to to to to Industrialized Countries Canada European Union Germany Latin America Mexico Pacific Rim China Japan Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. 3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. 4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. Regions are not mutually exclusive. 16

17 Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: January to January [2000=100, unless otherwise noted] Air Freight to to to to to Import Air Freight Europe ( 2003=100) Asia Export Air Freight Europe ( 2006=100) Inbound Air Freight Europe ( 2003=100) Asia Outbound Air Freight Europe ( 2003=100) Asia Air Passenger Fares Import Air Passenger Fares Europe Asia Latin America/Caribbean Export Air Passenger Fares Europe Asia Latin America/Caribbean figures are based on 2017 trade values. 17

18 TECHNICAL NOTE Import and Export Goods and Services Price es - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and additional information may be obtained at or by calling (202) Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price (PPI) to produce the NAICS primary products indexes. Import Price Goods es - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. Export Price Goods es - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Services Price es - es for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline consulting service source since September Before April, the export air passenger fares data were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at under "MXP Publications." 18

19 Import Price es by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are defined as NAICS Export Price es by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are defined as NAICS Terms of Trade es - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, region, or grouping s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price index on a scale of 100. Importance - A relative is a specific index s price-updated value share (expressed as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. values are affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the relative will increase as well. Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision in the releases for February, March, and April. Rounding Policy - values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth decimal place. Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more appropriate for market analysis. Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an subscription service at Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price es home page at For import and export price indexes data requests, send an to mxpinfo@bls.gov. Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) ; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)