NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL DATABASE (NED) Presentation for the Physical Activity Policy Research Network Plus (PAPRN+)

Transcription

1 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL DATABASE (NED) Presentation for the Physical Activity Policy Research Network Plus (PAPRN+) Dr. Lawrence Frank, PhD, AICP, ASLA President, UD4H Eric H. Fox, MScP GIS Manager, UD4H March 31, 2016 CIVL 583: Transportation Planning & Analysis

2 PROJECT PURPOSE Standardized set of metrics that characterize the built, social and natural environment Nationally consistent at the block group scale Support analyses on a variety of environmental indicators as part of RWJF s Culture of Health initiative 2

3 OUTLINE Project Overview Variable development Types of Variables Variable Criteria Composite Variables Examples from the Healthy Communities Atlas Applying the Data Synergy with EPA National Model Predicting Health Impacts and Related Costs 3

4 PROJECT LEADERSHIP Dr. Tracy Orleans, PhD - Senior Program Officer, RWJF Dr. Larry Frank, PhD, AICP, ASLA - President, UD4H Mr. Eric Fox, MScP GIS Manager, UD4H 4

5 ADVISORY COMMITTEE Dr. David Berrigan, PhD National Cancer Institute Dr. Jamie Chriqui, PhD Univ. of Illinois Chicago Dr. Kristen Day, PhD New York University Ms. Melissa Jordan, MS Florida Dept. of Health Dr. Jim Sallis, PhD Univ. of California San Diego/ALR Dr. John Thomas, PhD Environmental Protection Agency Dr. Sandra Whitehead, PhD - National Environmental Health Association 5

6 ROLE OF ADVISORY COMMITTEE Feedback on strengths and weaknesses of initial selection of data sources Potential areas of cautions Review methods utilized to operationalize key variables Recommend potential end users and ways to further strengthen connections with other efforts underway to disseminate national data 6

7 DATABASE DEVELOPMENT Types of Variables Existing nationwide variables (e.g. SLD 1, EnviroAtlas 2 ) Composite measures Variable weighting Region-specific new variables at smaller spatial scale Frequent updates of variables at regular intervals where available 1 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Smart Location Database (SLD), EPA EnviroAtlas,

8 CRITERIA FOR SUITABLE VARIABLES 1) National Coverage 2) Scalable - Block Group, Sub-Area, Jurisdiction, Region 3) Publicly Available Built Natural Social Urban Form Topography Socio-demographics Public Transit Tree Canopy Crime Traffic Crashes Parks Communities of Concern Bicycle Facilities Air Pollution Exposure 8

9 VARIABLE EXAMPLES Category Type Variable Description Built Bicycle Facilities Access to Non- Motorized Trails Bike Lanes % of households within walking distance (2km) of a non-motorized trail % of road network with bicycle lanes Natural Green Infrastructure Tree Canopy Coverage Presence of street trees Quality of tree canopy cover Low Income 1/3 of households with annual income < $30,000/year Social Communities of Concern 1 Low Mobility Minority Population >25% no car households, >25% disabled persons, >20% over 65 years of age >65% minority population Low Community Engagement >20% disabled persons, >20% non-english speaking households, >20% without high school diploma 1 Source: San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG),

10 BUFFERING 1km crow fly buffer of block group population center UD4H testing to compare effects of buffered vs. unbuffered 10

11 MSAS 100 Largest MSAs Multi-modal intersection density ( 4 legs) per sq. mi. 1 1 Source: EPA SLD,

12 ENVIROATLAS & NHTSA TRAFFIC CRASH DATA 10 Largest MSAs % Impervious Surface Cover 1 % Forest 1 % Natural Area 1 Mean Fatal Crash Rate Per 1,000 2 Mean Pedestrian Involved Fatal Crash Rate Per 1,000 2 New York-Newark-Jersey City 11.0% 30.2% 51.0% Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim 16.2% 5.6% 54.2% Chicago-Naperville-Elgin 13.8% 7.5% 14.1% Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington 7.6% 12.7% 52.9% Houston-The Woodlands 7.4% 12.7% 44.3% Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington 9.3% 26.4% 42.8% Washington-Arlington-Alexandria 5.9% 40.9% 49.6% Miami-Fort Lauderdale 7.2% 0.0% 59.4% Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell 6.0% 51.6% 62.3% Boston-Cambridge-Newton 11.5% 37.3% 51.4% Most Populous MSAs 4.4% 23.7% 62.6% United States 1.1% 21.2% 57.5% EPA EnviroAtlas, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS),

13 TRAFFIC CRASHES Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) Dot Density by Block Group 1 1 Source: NHTSA FARS,

14 PROTOTYPE Healthy Communities Atlas Metropolitan San Diego Prepared for the San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) 14

15 BASE Variable Examples: San Diego Health Communities Atlas 15

16 COMPOSITE Variable Examples: San Diego Health Communities Atlas 16

17 COMPOSITE Variable Examples: San Diego Health Communities Atlas 17

18 EPA HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT SYNERGY UD4H is developing a public health and activity plug-in module for scenario planning tools Plug-in will connect open scenario planning tools via an API to expand the range of platforms for use The NED provides a nationally available set of data inputs using the EPA health & activity model 18

19 DISCUSSION & QUESTIONS Data Sources Variable Development Spatial Scale Buffering Composite Dynamic 19

20 ABOUT URBAN DESIGN 4 HEALTH (UD4H) Twenty Year History in Creating and Linking Evidence and Decision Making on Health, Environmental, and Mobility Impacts of Land Use and Transportation Policies and Investment Lead or Co-Lead Several Original Studies Documenting Relationships Between Physical Activity, Obesity, and Chronic Disease Relationships with Travel Patterns, Built, and Natural Environment Features Developed the Most Widely Used Methods to Measure Walkability In Top 1% Globally (Thompson and Reuters 2015) for Scholarly Citations in the Social Sciences Co-authored Urban Sprawl and Public Health, Health and Community Design, Hidden Health Costs of Transportation Leader in the Creation and Application of Evidence Based Tools to Predict Health and Fiscal Related Impacts of the Built, Natural, and Social Environment 20

21 CONTACT US QUESTIONS Dr. Larry D. Frank: Eric H. Fox: Visit our website: Find us on social media: CIVL 583: Transportation Planning &