Water Management and Conservation Plan. LEE-PACE Project Number Revised June Prepared by:

Transcription

1 City of Sweet Home Water Management and Conservation Plan LEE-PACE Project Number 3415 Revised June 2006 Prepared by: L E E - P A C E E N G I N E E R S 1300 John Adams St. Oregon City, OR (503) Fax (503)

2 City of Sweet Home Water Management and Conservation Plan LEE - PACE Project Number 3415 Revised June 2006 Prepared by: L E E - P A C E E N G I N E E R S 1300 John Adams St. Oregon City, OR (503) Fax 9503)

3 Section CITY OF SWEET HOME WATER MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION PLAN Page 1. INTRODUCTION Purpose Summary of Data Sources Document Organization Intentisummary WATER PROVIDER DESCRIPTION Service Area and Population Service Area Population Sources of Supply Summary of Existing Sources Water Rights Water Customers Served Recent Water Production Meter Sizes Facilities Description Diversion Treatment TransmissiodDistribution Finished Water Storage Pressure Zones Pump Stations Intercomections Leak Detection and System Efficiency Source Analysis Water Rights Needs Raw Water Quality Delivery Capacity Alternate Sources Source Summary Water Provider Summary CONSERVATION PLAN Previous Efforts Water Use and Reporting Annual Water Audit Full Metering of the Distribution System

4 Meter Testing and Maintenance Rate Structure and Metering Public Education Program TechnicallFinancial Assistance RetrofitIReplacement Water ReuselRecycling Other Conservation Pipe Replacement program Leak Detection Survey Conservation Savings Summary of Five-Year Benchmarks Summary WATER SUPPLY EMERGENCYICURTAILMENT PLAN Supply Deficiencies Within Past 10 Years Potential Emergency Conditions Quantity of Water Damage to Intake Legal Restrictions Pumping Redundancy Treatment Plant Poor Water Quality Emergency Categories Category A Category B Curtailment Strategy Conservation Alert Moderate Alert Critical Alert Staff Responsibilities Summary MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY ELEMENT Current and Future Service Area Population Employment Land Use Future Water Demand Water Rights Schedule Year Withdrawal and Available Resources Summary Appendix A: Water Right Permits Appendix B: Protected. Threatened and Endangered Species List

5 LIST OF FIGURES No. Description Page Vicinity Map Study Area Topography Average Annual Stream Flow Monthly Water Production Water Distribution System Plan Production and Alert Stages Population Estimate (1% Growth Rate) Sweet Home Comprehensive Plan Map Water Rights Required for City Water Use LIST OF TABLES Description Page OAR. Chapter 690. Division 86 Requirements Summary of Population for Sweet Home Summary of Available Water Right Permits Summary of Available Water Right Permits Accounts and Total Consumption in Each Group for Production Summary for Years 1994 through Water Use per ERU Summary of Monthly Production for Meter Sizes and EDU's for Estimate of System Pipe Sizes Finished Water Storage Summary of Pump Capacities Summary of Distribution System Leakage Peak Day Demand through Meter Surcharge Water Use Charge Five-Year Conservation Benchmark Savings Five-Year Conservation Benchmarks Summary of Emergency Response Plan Total Population Increase Due to Country Club Employment Estimate Estimate of Total Acreage for Each Land Type Estimated Water Demand Without Santiam River Club Estimated Water Demand With Santiam River Club Water Right Perfection Schedule

6 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose The City of Sweet Home received final orders from the Oregon Water Resources Department (WRD) extending the time to complete full beneficial use of all permitted water by October As a special condition to that order, WRD has limited the amount of water the City may use until a Water Management and Conservation Plan (WMCP) prepared per Oregon Administrative Rule (OAR) Chapter 690, Division 86 has been submitted and approved. A deadline of March 1,2006 has been set for submission of the WMCP to WRD. 1.2 Summary of Data Sources Data contained herein came from the City's archives and various reports prepared for the City by a number of engineering firms. The City has archived data on water use reporting, system leakage surveys, water rights documents and distribution system improvements. Valuable information in the report was also obtained from the City's existing Water Master Plan Update prepared in 1997, the Comprehensive Plan, zoning documents, the water rate study report, and the Water System Improvements Feasibility Study and Water Treatment Plant Evaluation. Information from government and state sources such as the U.S Census Bureau, U. S Environmental Protection Agency, Oregon Water Resources Department and Linn County, Oregon was also used. 1.3 Document Organization This WMCP is organized in conformance with Division 86 requirements. It is divided into the following sections to facilitate Water Resources Department review: Section 1.O: Introduction Section 2.0: Water Provider Description Section 3.0: Conservation Plan Section 4.0: Water Supply Emergency Curtailment Plan Section 5.O: Municipal Water Supplier Element The WMCP is intended to demonstrate the different components that make up Sweet Home's water distribution system and their capacity and limitations under present and future conditions. This document serves as a guide to understanding what Sweet Home's water system consists of and its ultimate capacity for continuing to serve the City's residents. The City's ongoing and planned water conservation measures are described, followed by an emergency curtailment plan for providing water during emergency situations that may arise. The City's ability to provide water to its residents for the next 20 years is analyzed. The following Table 1-1 is a summary to aid in cross-referencing between this report and Division 86 requirements. Sweet Home / /6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

7 Water Supplier Description Description of supplier's sources Delineation of current service aarea Assessment of adequacy and reliability of existing supplies Quantification of water delivered Summary of water rights held Description of customers served and water use summary Identification of interconnections with other suppliers System Schematic Quantification of system leakage Water Conservation Element Progress report on activities from previous WMCP's Description of water use measurement and reporting program Description of other conservation measures being used Description of annual water audit Plans for fully metering services Meter testing and maintenance program Rate structure based on quantity of water metered Leak detection program Public education program Description of activities for new and/or expanded diversions Leak repaidline replacement program Technical and financial programs to encourage conservation Supplier financed retrofitting or replacement of existing fixtures Rate structures to encourage conservation Water reuse, recycling, non-potable opportunities Other measures identified by supplier Table 1-1 OAR Chapter 690, Division 86 Requirements Item Sweet Home / /27/ OAR Reference (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (1) (2) (3) (4)(a) (4)(b) (4)(c) (4)(d) (4)(e) (4)(f) (5) (6)(a) (6)(b) (6)(c) (6)(d) (6)(e) (6)(f) Report Section 2.2, Figure NA NA 3.12, LEE - PACE Engineers

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9 2.1 Service Area and Population SECTION 2 WATER PROVIDER DESCRIPTION The following section includes a description of the current service areas, an estimate of the population served, and the projected water demand. 2.1 Service Area The City of Sweet Home is located in Linn County in the Willamette Valley 50 miles southeast of Salem and 44 miles northeast of Eugene, adjacent to the South Santiam River and Foster Lake. The Willarnette Valley is located between the Oregon Coast on the west and the Cascade Mountains to the east. It covers about 3,900 square miles from Eugene in the south to Portland in the north. Figure 2.1 is a map showing the location of the City. Figure Vicinity Map Sweet Home is bordered to the north and northwest by the South Santiam River, to the east by Foster Lake, and to the south and southwest by the Chandler Mountains, which serve as a natural Urban Growth Boundary and city limit. State Highway 20 is the main access road to the City and it passes through Sweet Home approximately 20 miles east of Interstate 5. The highway connects Sweet Home with the Cities of Lebanon to the northwest and Cascadia to the east. Other access Sweet Home I /6/27/ LEE -PACE Engineers

10 roads to Sweet Home are State Route 228 and Route 3, which connect to Crawsfordsville and Brownsville. A main east-west rail line also passes through the City. Figure 2.2 shows the study area and topography. The community of Sweet Home is located in a relatively flat area with a mean elevation of 537 feet above sea level. The elevation changes within the city limits are gradual and decrease from the southern city limit at the northern slopes of Chandler Mountains, towards the north to the South Santiarn River. Also, the grade decreases gradually from Foster Lake on the east toward the City center, where it starts to increase toward the western City limit. The total elevation change within city limits is approximately 250 feet. The City has a current policy of only servicing residents within the city limits. Reportedly, there are several existing services outside the current city limits. However, for purposes of this report, the service area coincides with the city limits Population The July 1, 2004 population of Sweet Home was estimated to be 8380 by the Portland State University Population Research Center, and is growing at an average rate of 1 percent per year. Table 2-1 is a summary of the population over the last 13 years. Table 2-1 Summary of Population for Sweet Home The actual yearly growth rate for the years 1992 through 2004 ranged between a low of 0.5 percent to a moderate rate of 4.0 percent. A one percent population growth rate is consistent with the rate the City Planner uses for fbture estimates and has also been confirmed by the 2004 City Comprehensive Plan to be the actual growth rate for the years 2000 through Hence, future population projections in this report are based on a 1 percent growth rate. In contrast, Linn County's population is growing at 2.2 percent and stands at a total of 106,350 residents. Sweet Home I /6127/2006 LEE -PACE Engineers

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12 2.2 Sources of Supply Summary of Existing Sources The source of water for the City of Sweet Home is the South Santiam River, a tributary of the Santiam River, which is in turn a tributary of the Willamette River. The South Santiam River runs from east to west and serves as both the northern city limit and the northern Urban Growth Boundary (UGB) for the City of Sweet Home. It is situated in the Willamette Basin of Western Oregon and is recharged by precipitation from a 557-square mile area, which receives drainage for Quartzville Creek, the Middle Santiam River, South Santiarn River, and Wiley Creek, which are high up in the Cascade Mountains. Stream flow data for the South Santiam River for the last 3 1 years has been measured at Station No , three miles upstream of Sweet Home, near Foster, Oregon by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) in conjunction with the U.S Army Corps of Engineers. The data is summarized in Figure 2.3. Figure 2.3: Average Annual Stream Plow for the South Santiam River N b W m O N ~ C D m O N b W m O N P ~ h r - b h m m m m m m m m m m o o o o m m m m m m m m m m m m m m o o o o r v r r r v r r v - r r r ~ v N N N 0 I Year A maximum discharge of 28,700 cubic feet per second (cfs) was recorded on February 7, A minimum discharge of 343 cfs was recorded on July 18,2001. The mean flow for the period is 1,500 cfs Water Rights Four water right permits on the river are available to the City, for a total of 13.1 cubic feet per second (cfs). The oldest water right for 0.5 cfs was obtained in 1938 for the original water treatment plant, to serve the residents of the City. It has since been perfected and Certificate Sweet Home / /6/27/ LEE -PACE Engineers

13 issued. The certificate was subsequently canceled when Sweet Home's application for a change of the point of diversion was approved in 2003 to reflect the proposed location for the new treatment plant. An agreement between the City and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers allows for withdrawal of water from Foster Lake through a pipe installed in the Corps' Foster darn for such purpose. A new certificate is expected when the conditions of the diversion point transfer are met in 2008 when the new plant is proposed to be built. As the population of Sweet Home grew, the demand for treated domestic water also increased. Permits S and R-1209 were issued in 1951 and Permit S was issued in 1986, to appropriate water from the South Santiam River. Table 2-2 and 2-3 summarize the available permits. Table 2-2 City of Sweet Home Summary of Available Water Right Permits Application Permit S S I R I R-1209 S S S S Certificate 13741% Priority Date 7/14/1938 4/16/ / /08/1986 Source Of Water S. Santiam River S.Santiam I River / S. Santiam River S. Santiam River Use Municipal Municipal Municipal Municipal Authorized Date for Completion Of Development 10/1/ /1/ /1/ /2050 Table 2-3 City of Sweet Home Summary of Available Water Right Permits Permit Transfer Max. allowable withdrawal under permit Max, amount of water diverted under permit Avg amount of water diverted under permit in year 2004 lnstantaneous Annual lnstantaneous Annual Daily Monthly R-1209 S S T8662 T8663 T cfs 7.0 cfs 5.5 C ~S MG MG MG 0.60 cfs 1.I7 cfs MG MG MG 0.76 MG MG 23.0 MG 0 *Canceled when a new point of diversion in the South Santiam River was approved for Permit in Permit R-1209 was issued to allow a 700,000-gallon reservoir to be constructed. In addition to Permit S-20525, Permit R-1209 allowed for a total of 7.0 cfs to be withdrawn from the reservoir Sweet Home / /6/27/ LEE -PACE Engineers

14 and South Santiam River. Table 2-2 reflects the recent approval of the extension of time of completion for three of the permits to the year The City of Sweet Home has also recently applied for a point of diversion transfer for all the permits to Foster Lake to make that reservoir the source for a new water treatment plant scheduled for completion in Copies of the existing water right permits are included in Appendix A at the back of this report. As can be seen in Table 2-3, Sweet Home is not currently using all the water allowed under its water right permits because of the relatively slow population growth in the City. However, future population growth is expected to increase the demand for potable water, and the amount of water withdrawn under each of the permits is expected to increase. Even then, the water rights available are expected to exceed the projected demand. 2.3 Water Customers Served Individual services are categorized into residential, commercial, industrial and publiclinstitutional, based on the type of facility being served. Commercial services are subdivided into low and medium commercial users, based on the amount of water used, and Industrial users are subdivided to include high water demand services and other regular industrial (manufacturing, etc.) services. A total of 2,875 service accounts currently exist in the City, with residential accounts being the largest category. Residential services account for 91 percent of the water services, with a consumption of 36 percent of the total water diverted in year The residential demand amounted to 150 million gallons during that year. Commercial services make up 7 percent of the total number of services and accounted for 17 percent of the total water diverted in year 2004, while Public and Industrial uses make up 2 percent of total services and accounted for 7 percent of the total water diverted. There remains one lumber mill in operation with a water service supplied by the City. Until the early 1980's there were several additional mills which added to the Industrial water use for the city. Table 2-4 is a summary of the account types and the consumption of each group for year Account Type Residential Table 2-4 Accounts and Total Consumption in Each Group For 2004 Number of Services 2,62 1 Consumption (gallons) 150,024,116 Percentage of Total Diversion I Commercial 197 / 71,360,696 / I Industrial I Total - -- *Not a consumption capacity. I I / Sweet Home / /6/27/ LEE -PACE Engineers

15 A significant amount of water loss occurs in the system. However, the City of Sweet Home is committed to reducing water loss and has several ongoing efforts for the reduction of unaccounted for water. 2.4 Recent Water Diversion Data from the Water Resources Department's website listing water use data for Oregon communities and copies of the City of Sweet Home's water use reporting forms that were archived by the city were analyzed to determine the historical and current water diversion in the City. Diversion is measured at the treatment plant with two 10-inch propeller meters, and the daily diversion numbers are used to report water use data to the Oregon Water Resources Department (WRD). Historical water diversion has been at an average monthly rate of 34.3 million gallons during the years 1994 through A steady average annual increase of 0.07 percent in diversion was observed for the period, and amounted to a total withdrawal rate increase of 22 percent by In 2004 however, the amount of water diverted decreased, reflecting the increased efficiency that was gained from the ongoing efforts to curb the amount of water that is unaccounted for. Traditionally, Sweet Home has experienced increased water demands in the summer months. The peak monthly withdrawal during the 9-year period of 54.2 million gallons was made in August 2000 amounting to a peak day diversion of 1.8 million gallons. Diversion for the years through 2003 is summarized in Table 2.5, and averaged 1.1 million gallons per day. Table 2-5 Production Summary for Years 1994 through 2003 Year Total Amount of Water Withdrawn (Gallons) 432,460, ,326, ,O 10, ,878, NA 41 4,796, ,554, ,193, ,977, ,263, Peak Monthly Withdrawal (Gallons) - - July 50,729, ,6gj ,795, ,372, NA 47,497, ,483, ,932, ,697, ,977, ,766, August 51,607, ,620, ,247, NA 52,566, ,187, ,133, ,670, ,095, Table 2-6 is a summary of the water use per equivalent residential unit (ERU) during the years 2000 through Sweet Home LEE -PACE Engineers

16 Table 2-6 Average Water Use per ERU Year Average Day Use (MGD) I Peak Day Use (MGD) NIA NIA NIA NIA Peak Seasonal Use (MGD) Average Annual Water Use (MG per month) ERU's Water UselERU (GPDIERU) The average per capita water use is gallons per day as determined from the annual water use data as mentioned previously and the census data from the City's Comprehensive Plan. The City of Sweet Home has an average of 3.6 residents per ERU. The relationship between the average daily production, peak daily production, the current and predicted future population growth rate and the Comprehensive Plan were used to predict future water demand. In the year 2004 the average monthly diversion was 34.8 MG, with a fairly constant production rate during the months of September through June. In the summer, however, specifically in July and August, demand increased significantly to a monthly average of 45.9 MG. The sudden increase is a result of lawn irrigation during those two months. Average daily production was determined to be 1.1 million gallons and production peaked at 1.5 million gallons per day. Average daily water use per ERU in 2004 was gallons for the Cities 2426 ERU's. Table 2-7 is a summary of monthly diversion for A graphic presentation of the data in the table is shown in Figure 2.4. Month January February March April May June July August September October November December Monthly Production (Gallons) 30,395,489 29,837,391 31,273,794 30,696,790 32,418,896 34,927,708 43,245,837 44,636,830 29,992,991 30,625,993 26,704,480 29,093,489 Table 2-7 Summary of Monthly Production for 2004 Residential Consumption (Gallons) 11,I 56,420 15,097,632 8,500,272 10,804,112 11,524,436 12,073,468 17,844,288 19,358,240 13,682,416 9,372,440 9,556,448 11,053,944 Commercial Consumption (Gallons) 2,974,048 4,894,912 5,995,968 7,007,264 6,400,636 6,428,312 7,079,072 7,727,588 6,630,272 5,237,496 5,416,268 5,568,860 Bulk Consumption (Gallons) N A NA 38,896 81, , ,332 1,892,440 3,731,024 1,180, ,416 80,784 63,580 Backwash Water (Gallons) 2,250,000 2,412,000 2,088,000 2,304,000 2,376,000 2,286,000 2,088,000 1,890,000 1,422,000 1,350,000 1,150,000 1,620,000 Other* (Gallons) Monthly Diversion (Gallons) 16,265,021 32,645,489 9,844,847 32,249,391 16,738,658 33,361,794 12,803,882 33,000,790 14,301,588 34,794,896 16,269,596 37,213,708 16,430,037 45,333,837 13,819,978 46,526,830 8,499,959 31,414,991 15,236,641 31,975,993 11,650,980 27,854,480 12,407,105 30,713,489 Sweet Home / /27/ LEE -PACE Engineers

17 * Include Reservoir Storage, Public/Institutional usage and unaccounted for water. Figure Monthly Water Diversion Figure 2.4 shows the increased demand in the summer months. 2.5 Meter Sizes Each meter in the distribution system is assigned an equivalent dwelling unit value, which allows the city to compare water usage among services. The city has service meters ranging in size from % inch to 8 inches. Changes in the number of meters and equivalent dwelling units in the last five years are listed in Table 2-8. Table 2-8 Meter Sizes and EDUSs for I I I Year I Sweet Home / /27/2006 LEE -PACE Engineers

18 2.6 Facilities Description Diversion An intake structure built in 1938 and located at the S. Santiam River's edge, 200 feet north of the treatment plant, supplies all of the needed raw water. The intake is screened to prevent debris such as leaves and other floatable trash from being drawn in with the water. It houses four pumps, which are manually operated, depending on the raw water requirements at the treatment plant. They have a combined maximum capacity of 4.1 MGD. A new intake will be constructed at Foster Lake near the US Amy Corps of Engineers Foster Dam in conjunction with the proposed new treatment plant mentioned in other parts of this report Treatment Sweet Home has a water treatment plant located in the northwest part of the City on the bank of the South Santiam River, with a possible maximum production rate of 4.5 million gallons per day (MGD). This plant was originally constructed in 1938 and was then doubled in size in 1964 when production in the original plant neared its maximum production capacity of 2.0 MGD. Since then, production has been stable at around 2.0 MGD until the last 15 years, when the production decreased to about 1.2 MGD. The decrease was due to the reduction in water leakage through distribution system audits and an ongoing pipe repair and replacement program. Due to the recent reliability issues, physical problems and increasing cost of operations at the existing plant, the City authorized a study to determine the feasibility of either upgrading or replacing the plant. A new plant that was recommended by the study is scheduled to be completed in It is designed to initially produce 6 MGD and be expandable to 10 MGD to accommodate future growth and possible regionalization. The new point of diversion will be at Foster Lake and the plant will be situated near the lake on a property currently owned by the City. The location is shown on the attached distribution system plan, figure 2.5. Efficiency in both water production and power needs are expected to increase significantly because the new treatment plant will be automated and the water will come from a cleaner source. Sweet Home / 3415 /6/27/2006 LEE -PACE En,' ~ineers

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20 2.6.3 TransmissionlDistribution The City has a total of 44 miles of distribution piping ranging in size from 314 to 16 inches in diameter. Two-inch pipes are fairly abundant, but the majority (75 percent of the piping) is sized from 4- through 12-inches. Most of the piping is galvanized and ductile iron but the exact percentage of each type is currently not known. Table 2-9 is an estimate of the distribution system pipe sizes and lengths. Figure 2.5 shows the location of the pipes within the City. Table 2-9 Quantity Estimate of System Pipe Sizes Nominal Pipe Size (in) 314" 1" 2" 3" Total Length (ft) Percentage of Total Finished Water Storage Five finished water storage reservoirs with a total capacity of 4.61 million gallons (MG) are available. Three of them, located on 10" Ave. in the southwestern part of the City, are in-ground type concrete reservoirs. The fourth reservoir, located on 49th Ave. in the southeast part of the City, is an above-ground steel reservoir. Reservoir No. 5, also an above ground-steel structure and the newest, holds MG and is located just west of the city limits, as shown on Figure 2.5. Table 2-10 is a summary of the available storage. Sweet Home / 3415 /6/27/2006 LEE -PACE Engineers

21 Table 2-10 Finished Water Storage 10th Ave. 110th Ave / th Ave. 49th Ave. Nandina St Total Pressure Zones Elevations in the City of Sweet Home gradually increase from east to west. Elevation changes determine the number of pressure zones in any community. The larger the elevation changes, the more pressure zones there will be. Identifying the number of pressure zones in any city helps the design of the water distribution system satisfy state and federal government standards and ensure that individual water customers receive their water at acceptable pressure. Low distribution system pressure may make it difficult to supply water to customers at upper floors of multi-story buildings, while extremely high pressure can cause pipe breakage and excessive water leakage in the distribution system. Hence, it is important that acceptable operational pressure is maintained in the system. Sweet Home has two pressure zones. The first zone ranges between 600 to about 800 ft in elevation, and is located around the southern city limits, the northern slopes of Chandler Mountains and the western city limits. Pumps located at Strawberry Pump Station pump water to Reservoir No. 5, which supplies water to those areas. At an overflow elevation of 815 ft, the reservoir can supply water through gravity flow to those areas of this zone that are between the elevations of 600 to 700 ft without the need for additional pumps or pressure reducing valves. The second pressure zone ranges between elevation 530 ft, approximately the lowest elevation within the city limits, to about 600 ft. Reservoir Nos. 1 through 4, located on 10th and 49th Avenues, can serve these areas with acceptable pressure without the need for additional pumps or pressure reducing valves Pump Stations Four pumps are currently available at the treatment plant to deliver water to the reservoirs in the main pressure zone. A total flow of 3,150 gpm is possible from those pumps. However, only two of them, Numbers 1 and 4, are normally operated with a flow of 2000 gpm, to maintain a system pressure of less than 130 psi and also because the City's total pumping capacity exceeds the existing water demand. The rest of the pumps at the treatment plant are used as back-ups. Table summarizes the pump capacities. Sweet Home /6127/2006 LEE -PACE Engineers

22 Table 2-11 Summary of Pump Capacities Location Water Treatment Plant Water Treatment Plant Water Treatment Plant Water Treatment Plant Strawberry Pump Station Pump HP x 50 Pump Capacity (gpm) x 500 The two 500 gpm pumps at the Strawberry Pumping Station are used to pump water to the upper level reservoir No. 5. Together, the six pumps in the system can pump 4,150 gpm to the two existing pressure zones within the City if necessary. At this point, however, there is no need for that large of a flow, nor is it possible for the water treatment plant to produce such large flows. 2.7 Interconnections Sweet Home does not currently have any interconnections with other cities or water districts for the supply of water. However, the city has an agreement with Santiam River Partners LLC, for the supply of raw water to the company's proposed new development. 2.8 Leak Detection and System Efficiency Leak detection tests on the City water distribution system were done in 1997, 2001 and 2002 with listening equipment on City main lines, fire hydrants, distribution system valves, and some service connections. Tests conducted in 1997 included 448 points and identified 4 points of leakage, which were repaired as soon as possible. The repaired leakage points included a fire hydrant, a main line, a valve and one service connection. An estimated 11.2 million gallons of water per year was believed to be leaking through those points. Test conducted in 2001 and 2002 also found leaks that were subsequently repaired. The City of Sweet Homes new conservation plan that is outlined in section 3 of this report includes a more comprehensive leak detection program to survey the distribution system piping, valves, and fire hydrants once every three years beginning in Leak detection survey test results are included in table 2.12 below. Sweet Home LEE -PACE Engineers

23 Table 2-12 Summary of Distribution System Leakage Year No. of Points Surveyed g Main Line Valve Hydrant Meter Service Connection Total leaks Estimated Leakage (GallonsiYear) 4 1 1,169, ,988, ,745,800 Unaccounted-for water makes up about percent of the total water diverted. The amount of loss is determined by taking the difference of the production meters located at the treatment plant and the sum of the total service meter readings. The unaccounted-for water is believed to be water that was lost because of inaccurate meter readings at services and undetected system leakage. Sweet Home has a significant amount of older galvanized iron piping in the distribution system and most of the unaccounted-for water is believed to be leaking through these pipes. The City of Sweet Home recognizes the need to reduce the amount of water unaccounted for to about 10 percent in order to comply with current state standards. Hence the city is currently implementing a pipe replacement program amounting to approximately $25 0,000 a year. Pipe replacement and the ongoing leak detection and repair program are expected to help reduce the unaccounted for water. 2.9 Source Analysis The source analysis focuses on the utility's water rights on the South Santiam River, minimum stream flow issues, raw water quality, and delivery capacities Water Rights Needs Sweet Home has permits for water rights in the amount of 13.1 cfs, all on the South Santiam River. The water rights are adequate to provide water for the community well beyond the study period. Table 2-13 shows the peak day demand through 2050 based on the population estimates developed in Section of this report. Sweet Home / /27/2006 LEE -PACE Engineers

24 Table 2-13 City of Sweet Home Peak Day Demand Through 2050 Year Population 8,464 10,195 13,435 14,120 14,840 15,597 16,393 17,229 18,108 19,032 Peak Day Demand (mgd) Peak Day Demand (cfs) Stream flow data for the South Santiam River was discussed in Section 2.2 of this report. The minimum flow for the past 31 years has been 343 cfs. The City of Sweet Home holds senior water rights to other competing rights on the river. Three of its permits are older than all but one cubic feet per second certificate. Permits totaling cfs, including Sweet Home's, exist. Since flows are augmented from storage for target flows downstream at Albany and Salem potential future restrictions appear to be low. Therefore, the water rights available to the City of Sweet Home should be adequate for the study period. Several fish species with habitat that include the Santiam River system are listed federally and locally as "protected", "threatened" or "endangered". A list of the species is contained in appendix B. The relatively high flow of the South Santiam River and the possibility of further increasing the flow from Foster Lake will ensure that stream flow never gets critically low in the area of Sweet Home's water intake structure. Any new intake work will be required to meet the requirements of NOAA Fisheries, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Raw Water Quality Surface water originating from the Central Oregon Cascades is generally of good quality. However, significant increases in turbidity do occur, coincident with storm runoff. The hydroelectric impoundments behind Foster and Green Peter Dams upstream of the City of Sweet Home's raw water intake serve as reservoirs and settling basins to improve water quality. However, sudden turbidity increases occur at the intake and are attributed to water flowing from Wiley Creek just upstream of the intake and downstream of Foster Dam. Turbid water is treated to conform to acceptable standards as defined by the Oregon Department of Human Services Drinking Water Program and the Safe Drinking Water Act. Sweet Home / 3415 /6/27/2006 LEE -PACE Engineers

25 2.9.3 Delivery Capacity Water delivery capacity of the distribution system was found to be adequate in a hydraulic analysis performed in preparation of the 1997 City Master Plan. The study noted that the high fire flow (estimated at 9,000 gpm) needed for the existing mill in the City is unobtainable, but it should be noted also that the 9,000 gpm requested is a high amount of fire flow in any standard. The 1997 Master Plan recommended some 2-inch piping to be replaced with larger piping as water demand increases in order to remove the "bottlenecks" in the system and to increase hydraulic capacity. Consequently, the City earmarked $250,000 per year to replace these pipes through the year Alternate Sources Water flow in the river at the City of Sweet Home's raw water intake is controlled to a large extent by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' discharge from Foster Dam. Foster Lake, behind the dam, serves ultimately as a large reservoir for the intake. The lake as a source is capable of providing all the water needs of Sweet Home. The relatively high average flow of the river, together with the possibility of increasing the flow from Foster Lake if necessary, should assure the availability of all water needed for the City of Sweet Home Source Summary The water right permits available to the City of Sweet Home, together with the relatively good quality water from the South Santiam River and high flows within the river assure a continuous supply of treatable municipal water for the City. The City's relatively reliable distribution system, together with the proposed new treatment plant when completed, should ensure a continuous reliable water system for municipal water supply within its service area. Section 2.10 Water Provider Summary Sweet Home's recent and current population growth has been mild at about 1 percent increase rate. With the mild population growth and the current redundancies in some parts of the system, the City is capable of serving potable water to the current 8,380 residents within the city limits without many problems. The City's source of water (the South Santiam River), its water rights permits, treatment system and distribution system are all sufficiently sized and reliable for the City's existing peak water demand. However, with a continuously growing population, the City is expected to face increased demand on both its water sources and treatment and distribution systems. This demand, although significant, can be met with the improvements that are proposed with the construction of the new treatment plant. Sweet Home / /27/2006 LEE -PACE Engineers

26 SECTION 3 CONSERVATION PLAN The City of Sweet Home has implemented several steps to encourage efficient use of water in the community. These programs mainly include regulatory and operation and maintenance alternatives, which have helped reduce water consumption in the City. The current conservation program is, however, not enough to satisfy the conservation requirements of Division 86, and as a result the City intends to develop a model in this WMCP that will serve as a guide to fulfill the City's commitment to promote conservation Previous Efforts Previous conservation efforts included: The use of constant water rates, as opposed to decreasing summer rates. These rates help reduce water waste in the summer when demand traditionally increases in the city. Water rates based on meter size and amount of water used. Larger water meter services pay a greater surcharge than services with smaller water meters. Conducting occasional system leak detection surveys and repairing any leaks discovered. These surveys typically include leak detection tests on fire hydrants, valves, water services and other points suspected of leaking. The surveys are usually conducted in two to four days and may include up to 750 inspection points. Any leaks found are fixed as soon as possible. 3.2 Water Use and Reporting Water use reporting is done in general compliance with OAR Two propeller meters, a Hersey Sparling 10-inch and a Rockwell 10-inch located at the water treatment plant, continually record water production. The number of filter backwashes is also monitored and the amount of water used is added to the amount registered by the two flow meters to determine total production. Losses from the raw water transmission main and within the water treatment plant may not be accurately accounted for in the existing system. Design of the water treatment plant should include the capability to be completely consistent with OAR 690, Division 85. Production numbers are recorded on a monthly basis and reported to the Water Resources Department on standard annual water use monthly quantity forms by December 31 of every year. The water measurement program satisfies the 15 percent accuracy requirement set by OAR 690, Division Annual Water Audit The City of Sweet Home does not currently have an annual water audit program, however, upon full metering of the system when this WMCP is approved, an annual audit program to determine the amount of water unaccounted for will be implemented. The plan will involve determining the Sweet Home / / 6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

27 total annual water production by summing up production figures that are logged on WRD monthly reporting forms. The sum of all the water use recorded by the 2876 individual service meters, including both billed and non-billed services and also including water use at the water and wastewater treatment plant, will be compared with production to determine the amount of water unaccounted for. Annual water audit summaries will be kept along with monthly water production logs as required by OAR 690, Division 86 rules. The AWWA has a free audit spreadsheet that may be helpful to the City in implementing the audit. It may also be beneficial to review this process after 5-years and adjust the process if necessary. 3.4 Full Metering of the Distribution System All public and private water services in the City of Sweet Home are metered, including schools, City Hall, police station and library. 3.5 Meter Testing and Maintenance A significant number of water meters are older than 10 years and are approaching the end of their service lives. These meters are being replaced with new Sensus touch-read meters whenever possible rather than repairing them, as the city has determined replacement is more economical. The new meters are also faster to read, thus reducing costs by allowing a smaller number of meter readers. Potentially the end use data will be more accurate as well with the elimination of hand written notes. The city plans to test large water service meters, all city property service meters, and all production meters every five years and make appropriate repairs or replacement where needed. 3.6 Rate Structure and Metering In 1999, the City of Sweet Home authorized a complete rate analysis for the water and sewer utilities that aimed to determine the revenue requirements for the water and sewer utilities, to determine the cost of the two services and also to study and help set water and sewer rates was used as the base year in which various parameters that affected the three areas of study were determined and costs associated with them were quantified. Water and sewer rates were developed based on the findings of that report and annual rate review procedures were also recommended. The City of Sweet Home adopted the results from the report in Ordinance 1100 of the City's Code, which sets the water and sewer rates and the City Council is required to annually review water rates before May and set the new monthly rate for bills sent out each July. Prior to Year 2000, water rates had stayed constant for several years, but have increased almost annually since then to reflect the increasing costs of production. The rates are based on meter size and water use, as summarized in Tables 3-1 a and 3-1 b. Water use fees are charged per 100 c.f. for commercial and bulk services and per 100 c.f. that exceed 400 c.f. for residential services within the city limits. A service factor rate of 1.5 times equivalent city rates is assessed for services outside the city limits. The city's water rates result in larger water bills the more water a service uses. Hence, the rates help discourage water waste since that will lead to water wasters incurring unnecessarily large bills. Sweet Home / 3415 / 6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

28 Table 3-la Meter Surcharge Meter Size 314" 1" 1.5" 2" Base Charge $17 $2 1 $26 $40 $142 $267 $368 Table 3-lb Water Use Charge Customer Class Commercial Bulk Residential Water Use Charge $3.62 per 100 c.f. $3.10 per 100 c.f. $4.00 per 100 c.f. exceeding first 400 c.f. (First 400 c.f. are included in base charge) As demonstrated in the two tables above, the City of Sweet Home's water rates are based in part, on the quantity of water metered at the service connection as required by OAR 690, Division 86 rules. Basing the rest of the charges on the size of the customer service water meter serves as an indirect method of charging larger water users more since larger water meters are usually required by larger water users. This varying charge, based on the meter size, is also seen by the city as a way to vary the water charges according to the amount of water used by water customers. 3.7 Public Education Program Starting in 2006, the City of Sweet Home will have a public education program that will be targeted toward residential water customers and school children in order to help in the City's conservation effort. The program will include the following: Twice-yearly visits to schoolchildren at local schools, making presentations on the importance of water conservation. This program would show children simple ways to conserve water at home and at school by turning off the faucet while brushing their teeth in the morning, not using the toilet as a garbage disposal unit, taking short instead of long showers, and avoiding frequent use of the bath tub. It is expected that these visits to schools, plus the literature they take home, will help meet immediate conservation needs and develop better lifetime water use habits in children. Sweet Home / 3415 / 6/27/2006 LEE - PACE Engineers

29 Addition of conservation messages on the City website. Simple to implement conservation practices and tips will be added to the City website. Information on how to obtain conservation brochures will be included in the messages. The messages will be regularly updated. Distributing water conservation brochures at least two times a year with customer water bills. These brochures will emphasize the importance of water conservation and list some simple steps that can be used to conserve water in the home. The brochures will include a simple demonstration of how customers can check for water leaks in their service meters and report them to the water utility. These mailers will remind water customers about the need to conserve water and demonstrate how simple conservation steps can go a long way in reducing water use. Comparison of current water use with the previous year's water use on customers' bills. This should help customers determine if their water conservation efforts are in fact helping them reduce the overall amount of water they use. Hopefully water use comparisons will encourage customers who notice significant hikes in their water use to want to conserve water. The City believes that public education will be an important tool in its effort to encourage responsible water use among its water customers. Children who are exposed to education that encourages conservation are more likely to be responsible water users when they grow up. In addition, coordination with the local watershed council may be a method to expand educational opportunities. 3.8 Technical/Financial Assistance Due to limited resources, the City does not currently have an ongoing technical and financial assistance program. The City provides assistance on an "as-needed" basis for repairs to existing customer systems such as leaking water meters and other water service leaks. However, the new conservation brochures included in the new conservation plan will emphasize the need for customer participation in service leak detection and encourage customers to request help from the City in the conservation of water. Free customer water audits and service meter testing will be provided under the plan. Free conservation training will also be offered for large water users if requested. Financial assistance in the form of discounted rates will be investigated and, if possible, provided to water users who can positively document significant water conservation. A retrofitting and replacements program usually seeks to assist water customers who have older, less efficient water fixtures such as older high flow toilets and showerheads, and to install new more water efficient fixtures. The City of Sweet Home does not currently have a retrofitting and replacement program due to limited resources available to the city. However, upon approval of the WMCP, Sweet Home will investigate the availability of funds through state and federal government agencies to help in implementing a retrofit and replacement program. Sweet Home / / 6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

30 3.10 Water ReuselRecycling Sweet Home is working on the final draft of an agreement with Santiam River Partners, LLC, which will, among other things, allow the Santiam River Partners, LLC to purchase and/or use all of the City's treated wastewater effluent for use in irrigation and in creating and recharging streams, ponds, and drainages. The company's proposed Santiam River Club will receive the backwash water from the City's water treatment plant and will also collect the City's storm water runoff from bio-swales and other natural areas. The City of Sweet Home will need to increase water production to provide for the new development. However, the agreement will help reduce the amount of potable water that would have otherwise been produced at the treatment plant Other Conservation Sweet Home currently has permits for water use that can adequately serve the City's water needs well into the future. Since the City is currently negotiating construction of a new treatment plant, a far-reaching conservation effort may help increase the service life of the new plant. Extra conservation efforts that are currently being implemented by the city include a pipe replacement program to reduce water loss and a system pressure control program Pipe Replacement Program A large amount of 2-inch galvanized iron piping exists in the distribution system. These pipes are mostly old and are believed to be the cause of significant water leaks in the system. The City has an ongoing program to replace all 2-inch galvanized iron piping. Complete replacement of the pipes is expected in the year Leak Detection Surveys Yearly leak detection surveys, using listening equipment will be performed on major pipe mains, fire hydrants and valves. Any service connections, meters and service lines that show any indications of leaks will also be surveyed. Leaks found during the surveys will be repaired as soon as possible Conservation Savings Most of the unaccounted-for water in Sweet Home's distribution system is believed to be lost through leakage in the distribution piping as opposed to unmetered use. Thus, the leak detection program described in Section 3.13 of this report is expected to make the most impact of the City's various conservation efforts. It is probably unrealistic for the City to achieve a 10 percent maximum unaccounted for water, as recommended by the American Water Works Association (AWWA), within the next five years (and the standard does not require it, only recommends it) due to the cost, but the conservation elements discussed in this report and summarized in Table 3.3 are expected to reduce the unaccounted-for water by significant amounts and should continue to strive to meet the 10 percent goal. Table 3.2 is a summary of the estimated savings. Sweet Home / 3415 / 6/27/2006 LEE - PACE Engineers

31 Table 3-2 Five-Year conservation Benchmark Savings Measure Ongoing Efforts Leak detection and repair Pipe replacement Planned Programs Meter testing and maintenance Improved water auditing Public education programs Percentage of Total Production Expenses Estimated Savings $5 1,000 $37,000 $61,000 $196,000 $12,000 $12, % 3.15 Summary of Five-Year Benchmarks Table 3.3 is a summary of the City's five-year conservation benchmarks. Benchmarks Ongoing Efforts Leak detection and repair Pipe replacement Planned programs Free customer water audits Customer Service meter testing Provide U.S EPA "Water Table 3-3 Five-Year Conservation Benchmarks Ongoing Ongoing July 2006 July 2006 Start Date Annually Annually On-call On-call July 2006 As needed Saver" software to large water 1 users I Conservation training for large December 2006 I As needed water users Annual review of unaccounted January 2006 Annually for water Test Larger service meters, October years city property meters and production meters Test major piping, valves and fire hydrants Make conservation presentations to local school children Distribute water conservation brochures in water bills Replace all 2-inch G.1 piping July 2006 September 2006 July 2006 Annually 2 times/ year 2 times/ year Ongoing Finish in 2014 Frequency Test new touch-read meters I August Minimum 20% per year Sweet Home / 3415 / 6/27/2006 LEE - PACE Engineers

32 Leak Detection and Repair Water utility workers use listening devices to hear leakage sounds on fittings such as valves and fire hydrants. This method is employed to detect water leakage that is not so obvious, such as belowground leakage at a valve connection. Free Customer Water Audits This plan has two parts. One involves checking for leakage from household fixtures that may not be apparent for water customers. For example, an icemaker in a refrigerator might be leaking, creating a small pool of water between the refrigerator and the wall behind it. It might not be detected unless someone specifically checked for it. A standard list that includes various items that need to be checked, such as leaking toilet connections, shall be developed to help this audit. The second part of this audit involves determining how much water the customer uses in various household functions, such as showers, laundry, car washing, etc. Items on this list shall be included in a standard list also. Once the audits are completed, the leakage checklist and the list of average household water use are compared with average water use and average leakage for other residential customers. The total monthly water loss should be provided to the customer. Provide ITS EPA Wave Saver Software US EPA Wave Saver software was developed to help larger water customers determine various water use characteristics of their properties with minimal time, effort, and expense. This software is available free of charge and should be provided to large water users. It allows users to: 1. Track water use over time and calculate the incremental cost of water; 2. Calculate and compare payback periods, annual savings and cost of installation and maintenance of any combination of water efficiency measures; 3. Determine the most applicable cost saving measures from hundreds of efficiency options; and 4. Print graphs for presentations and reports. Wave Saver allows input of a small amount of data to describe a set of water-consuming fixtures to calibrate the software to a specific water consumer. Once calibrated, the software is easy to use and includes instructions. Online help is also available for extra help. Conservation Training for Large Water Users Most large water users are commercial businesses with an interest in profitability being their major driving force. These businesses are likely to conserve water if the city water utility can point them to specific water-saving measures that will help reduce their bottom line expenses. Restaurants, for example, could be encouraged to install alcohol-based sanitizer boxes for employees who prefer to use them instead of always washing their hands in the restroom. These sanitizers have been proven to be as effective as washing hands with soap and water. Sweet Home / / 6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

33 Conservation training may be organized around a one to two-hour long session when water utility employees will highlight the savings associated with various alternative water fixtures and water uses. Annual Review of Unaccounted for Water An annual review of the total amount of unaccounted for water should be performed by public works staff and a comparison made between each year's unaccounted-for amount and the previous five years amount. An estimate of the amount of water each conservation step in the plan helped save should be summarized to help the public works manager identify the areas that need improvement. Distribute Water Conservation Brochures Easy-to-follow water conservation brochures are available without charge or for a nominal price from the American Water Works Association (AWWA), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), and other organizations. These brochures should be obtained and distributed in customer water bills twice a year Summary As required by OAR 690, Division 86, the City of Sweet Home, in previous sections of this chapter in the WMCP outlined the City's commitment to water conservation and the plan it intends to implement in order to satisfy the conservation requirements of Division 86. The plan includes public education, water reuse and recycling, pipe replacement, improved water auditing and other required elements in Division 86. The City believes that implementing these watersaving strategies will help reduce the amount of water it needs to deliver, hence reducing the amount of water it has to draw through its existing water right permits. Sweet Home / / 6/27/2006 LEE - PACE Engineers

34 SECTION 4 WATER SUPPLY EMERGENCY CURTAILMENT PLAN The City of Sweet Home currently has an emergency plan for dealing with water shortages that relies on one of six different conditions to trigger activation of various responses. The six conditions are: 1. Loss of potability 2. Water contamination event 3. Major system damage 4. Chlorine release 5. Water use restrictions 6. Power outage Each of the conditions has specific responses to help the city handle the emergency situation. The City recognizes some shortcomings in the existing plan, as follows. The triggers listed above lack a clear definition of the point when a condition can be called an emergency in relation to the ability of the City to provide water to customers. The existing plan also centers on the event of declaring an emergency, but does not include any process to provide water subsequent to declaration of the emergency. Acknowledging the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing plan, the City recognized the need for an improved emergency/curtailment system and plans to present this report to the City Council so that it can be used as the basis for a City water emergency curtailment ordinance. Under the new emergency plan summarized in table 4-1, any condition including the six listed above that is expected to prevent the city from providing water to 40 percent of the population for a duration of six hours or more shall be declared as an emergency by the city manager. The emergency shall be declared a category A or a category B, based on whether the condition is expected to cause a total or partial outage in the water system. The two emergency conditions, A and B, are described in section Supply Deficiencies Within Past 10 Years No major emergencies that prevented the City of Sweet Home from supplying potable water to its residents have occurred within the last 10 years. However, the City received a notice of violation and remedial order from the Oregon Health Division in 1998, for failing to meet surface water treatment technique requirements for the city's drinking water. Specifically, the city was cited for failing to consistently meet the minimum contact time (CT) values after filtration. CT is the time that treated water from the treatment plant is required to remain in contact with chlorine before it is provided to water customers for use. Minimum contact time requirements are set by the EPA to help reduce the amount of microbial contaminants that exist in water, in order to prevent adverse health effects associated with high exposures of these contaminants. Since the failure cited by the Health Division was due to the changes in treatment requirements set by the EPA since Sweet Home's treatment facilities were constructed, no discontinuation in potable water production resulted, and the City subsequently implemented some corrective measures to eliminate the problem. Sweet Home / / 6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

35 4.2 Potential Emergency Conditions Quantity of Water Long-term drought is not expected to greatly affect the availability of minimum flows in the South Santiam River at the City of Sweet Home's raw water intake. As discussed in section 2.2, low water levels may occur from time to time in the river, however, water levels that are low enough to make Sweet Homes water rights unusable are highly unlikely to occur as evidenced in the vast amount of stream flow data also mentioned in that section. Also, since flow can be increased upstream at the U.S Army Corps of Engineers' Foster Dam, which controls water flow from foster lake into the river, Sweet Home should be assured a continuous supply of water at its intake Damage to Intake Damage to the City's water intake and/or intake pumps due to natural disasters or human mistakes may cause temporary raw water source shortages. However, the city currently has two unused pumps at the treatment plant that can be used to temporarily pump water directly from the South Santiam River while the intake is repaired Legal Restrictions The City is not currently aware of any legal restrictions that can cause shortages of its water source. The only legal issue that is currently being negotiated is the application of the point of diversion (POD) transfer of the existing water right permits from the South Santiam River to Foster Lake. Once these POD transfers are completed, no known legal issues associated with the City of Sweet Home's water sources or water use will remain Pumping Redundancy The City of Sweet Home has a redundancy of distribution system pumps at the water treatment plant, since it currently only runs two of the four pumps that are available. Thus an emergency involving insufficient pumping capacity is not likely to occur Treatment Plant If an emergency occurs at the water treatment plant, so that extended periods of interruption in the treatment process are expected, demand will be temporarily provided by the reservoir tanks. Although 4.6 million gallons of storage are currently available, the tanks are rarely full to capacity. It is, however, reasonable to estimate that at least half of that amount will be available. Thus, the working emergency capacity for the reservoirs is estimated to be 2.3 million gallons or about two days supply of water. Once the reservoirs are drawn down to 50 percent of their emergency capacity (or 25 percent of total capacity), then the full emergency steps in the next sections will be activated. If an emergency that makes the water reservoirs unusable in addition to the water treatment plant occurs, then the emergency steps under Category A outlined below Sweet Home / 3415 / 6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

36 will be implemented. The existing water treatment plant is in disrepair and failures there could occur Poor Water Quality Poor or inadequate treatment or contamination may result in boil water notices being issued by the City. 4.3 Emergency Categories Category A All emergencies that a water supplier such as the City of Sweet Home is likely to experience, fall under two categories. Category A involves the loss of potability of the supplier's water, or a failure of the system to supply water. The supplier's ability to produce water may remain, but due to certain circumstances, the water is not high enough quality to be supplied to the water customers for use. Category A emergencies are more likely to render most, if not all, of the water unusable. They include contamination events and over-chlorination of the water supply. Adding excessive amounts of other treatment agents may also cause this kind of emergency. In such a situation, where a total outage is expected, the city manager shall authorize public radio and television announcements of the emergency condition and request the State Emergency Management Division to provide water from external sources by tank trucks. In that event water will be distributed directly to customers at schools, the City Hall, the fire station, and other public areas. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers resources may also be requested by the City Manager, depending on the extent of the emergency. If a complete failure of the water system occurs, severe rationing may result Category B Category B emergencies include situations such as power outages, major system damage, multiple equipment failures, or fire emergencies at the water treatment plant. These emergencies may or may not cause total system outages, and may only be expected to last for a day or two at most. In cases where they cause overall system outages for a long period, these emergencies will be treated just like category A emergencies. If total outage is not expected, then the following curtailment steps will be implemented. 4.4 Curtailment Strategy The intention of this plan is to lay out a framework of actions to implement in an emergency situation that does not render the total of Sweet Home's water distribution system unusable. The course of action will depend on the extent and severity of each emergency situation and be based on the ability of the water utility to provide sufficient potable water for customers. The three emergency stages are: Conservation Alert Moderate Alert Sweet Home / 3415 / 6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

37 * Critical Alert A conservation alert is aimed at reducing the water use within the City through voluntary actions of the residents. Its goal is to reduce water use to less than 80 percent of the water treatment plant's capacity, hence frequent declarations of this alert signify the need for the expansion of the water treatment plant. A moderate alert is intended to further reduce water consumption, with a goal of 10 percent reduction of water use within the City. A critical alert calls for drastic reduction in the water use within the City. Figure 4.1 is a summary of the monthly production in Year 2004 and includes trigger levels for each of the three stages of alert. Figure Production and Alert Stages l+~roduct~on +-Consewat~on Alert Moderate Alert Cr~t~cal Alert 1 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. As can be seen from the graph, no emergency action occurred in Conservation Alert The trigger for this stage of alert occurs when water usage reaches 80 percent of treatment plant capacity for three consecutive days. The City Manager shall declare a conservation alert emergency and request voluntary conservation measures by customers. A State-declared drought for the Sweet Home area will also be considered a trigger for the conservation alert stage. The response for this stage will require the city manager to: Distribute brochures that encourage conservation; * Request customers to water lawns every other day instead of daily; Request customers north of Highway 20 to irrigate lawns in the morning and those south of Highway 20 to irrigate lawns during the evening; Sweet Home / 6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

38 Request irrigation time to be limited between 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m.; Turn City fountains off and post signs explaining the reason; Request customers to postpone non-essential hosing of sidewalks, walls, driveways, parking lots, open grounds, streets and roofs except when required before painting; and Request voluntary reduction in car, boat, trailer and recreation vehicle washing except in facilities that recycle wash water Moderate Alert A moderate alert stage is triggered when water consumption reaches 90 percent of treatment capacity for two consecutive days. The City Manager shall at this stage call for a continuation of the conservation measures listed in the conservation alert stage. However, the City Manager shall declare several of those measures as compulsory during the moderate alert stage. Compulsory measures during this stage include: Prohibiting lawn irrigation between 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m.; Mandatory adherence to every other day watering schedule; Mandatory adherence to evening or morning irrigation schedule, depending on whether customers live north or south of Highway 20; and Restrict other non-essential outdoor water use as determined by the City Manager Critical Alert A critical alert shall be declared by the city manager when water consumption reaches 95 percent of treatment capacity, when total production capability is lost, or when deemed necessary by the City Manager. The following will be prohibited during the alert: Watering, sprinkling or irrigating lawns without explicit City approval in writing. The City will approve watering, sprinkling or irrigating of lawns, grass or turf only in the following situations: o New lawns, turf and grasses that were seeded before issuance of the critical alert and are less than 12 months since first planting. Such grass, turf and lawn shall only be watered until established. o Grass, turf and lawn that are part of a commercial sod farm. o Golf course greens and tees. o Other areas that may be deemed to be essential by the City. Use of City-supplied water for filling private swimming pools. Use of City-supplied water for washing, hosing and spraying of walls, roofs, sidewalks, driveways and other hard surfaces, except where deemed necessary for health and safety reasons by the Oregon Department of Human Services - Drinking Water Program and Oregon Department of Environmental Quality and where necessary prior to painting during repairs, reconstruction and remodeling of buildings. Washing boats, land vehicles, including but not limited to cars, buses, trailers, and trucks, except where public health, safety and welfare depend on frequent vehicle cleaning, such Sweet Home / / 6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

39 as in food transport vehicles or where required by law. Commercial fleet washing facilities that recycle water or use of buckets will be exempted from this condition. A severe loss of water production which is expected to last more than two days may include more drastic water restrictions, such as the following: Prohibition of all unauthorized water use, including any irrigation, swimming pools, or any form of car or truck washing. Restrictions on taking showers or baths. Restrictions on flushing toilets. Water contamination events may also result in boil water notices. 4.5 Staff Responsibilities The following staff members will have the tasks listed in a water curtailment event: Public Works Director: Coordinate staff and effort to improve emergency situation. Coordinate all direct and indirect media outreach. Superintendents, Public Works Department: Coordinate with major water users to reduce consumption. Police Chief, Police Department: Enforce water curtailment measures. 4.6 Summary OAR 690, Division 86 rules require that all public water suppliers such as the City of Sweet Home have an emergency curtailment plan. The City recognizes the need for such a plan to improve its preparedness and help it cope with an emergency condition. Conditions that are likely to cause a water emergency shortage in Sweet Home include a fire emergency or equipment failure at the treatment plant, water contamination events, major system damage, and multiple equipment failures. All these situations are highly unlikely to occur, but if one of them does, the City may not be able to provide water to customers in an acceptable manner. In that case, the City of Sweet Home will rely on its emergency plan summarized in Table 4.1. Sweet Home / 3415 / 6/27/2006 LEE - PACE Engineers

40 Table 4-1. Summary of Emergency Response Plan EMERGENCY WSPONSE Any condition that prevents the City from being capable of providing water to 40 percent of the water customers for six or more hours Category A: Full Service Outage Causes may include: 1. Water Contamination 2. Over Chlorination 3. Extreme situations of Category B Emergency 4. Massive equipment failures 5. Flooding 6. Earthquakes Category A or Category B emergency is declared 1) Inforrn resident by posters, radio and television about emergency conditions. 2) Request state emergency division to provide water from external sources by tank trucks. 3) If necessary, request more water from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 4) Distribute the water to city residents at schools City Hall, Fire Station and other public areas. 5) Continue with efforts to improve situation. Category B: Reduction of Service Capacity Causes may include: 1. Power Outages 2. Major System Damage 3. Multiple Equipment Failure 4. Flooding 1) Inform residents by posters, radio and television about emergency conditions and the curtailment actions needed. 2) Based on how much water consumption is as a percentage of treatment plant capacity, implement conservation alert, moderate alert or critical alert as appropriate. Sweet Home / 3415 / 6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

41 SECTION 5 MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY ELEMENT Current and Future Service Area The existing city limits of the City of Sweet Home also serves as the Urban Growth Boundary, and the City is not anticipating a change in the service area in the next 20 years. The number of services within the city limits, however, is expected to increase, as discussed in Section 2 of this report. Section 2 also contains the service area description. No new services are planned outside of the city limits. Figure 2.5 shows the boundary of the future service area Population With the current population growth rate, Sweet Home is expected to reach 10,330 residents at the end of the study period in The 1 percent growth rate has been relatively stable, as demonstrated in the data in Table 2-1. However, a sudden increase in population is expected when the first phase of a proposed country club development, Santiam River Club, is completed in The estimated population increase for that year is 173. The rate of population increase due to this development is expected to get larger until buildout is reached in A total sevenyear increase of 3,93 8 residents is expected. Table 5-1 summarizes the estimated population increase. Figure 5.1 demonstrates the anticipated population growth. Table 5-1 Total Population Increase Due to Country Club Year Anticipated Incremental Increase LEE - PACE Engineers

42 Figure 5.1 Population Estimate (I % Growth Rate) Year As can be seen in the graph, the addition of the Santiam River Club significantly increases the population in the City of Sweet Home. The population during the year 2025 is estimated to be 14,840, with the growth due to Santiam River Club. The population projection developed in this report is consistent with both the city Master Plan update of 1997 and the Comprehensive Plan of Employment Employment in the City of Sweet Home is expected to follow a general pattern of modest growth during the study period. Employment growth is expected to be similar, but somewhat larger than the population growth in the next 20 years. The City's Comprehensive Plan estimates that employment will grow at a rate of 1.2 percent per year. Also, 246 permanent jobs are expected to be added at the end of the ninth year of the development of the Santiam River Club in the year Table 5-2 is a summary of the estimated employment during the study period. LEE - PACE Engineers

43 Table 5-2 Employment Estimate Year Employment Estimate * * The Santiam River Club is expected to add 246 permanent jobs Land Use Sweet Home extends service to residential, commercial, industrial and public services within the city limits, which has an area of approximately 3,820 acres. The Comprehensive Plan map, figure 5.2 shows land use designations and Table 5-3 shows an estimate of the total acreage within each land type. Most of the service area (53 percent) comprises residential land, which includes single-family homes, condominiums, townhouses and apartments divided into low density, medium density and high density residential. Table 5-3 Estimate of Total Acreage for Each Land Type Designation Residential Commercial Industrial Public Total Acreage Percentage OO 13.OO Three different categories of commercial land use exist within the City. They include central, highway, and neighborhood zones to designate land use associated with the intensely developed commercial center of the City, a strip of property along Highway 20, and various neighborhood commercial zones respectively, within the City. Heavy, general and light industrial use areas are collectively classified as industrial land and are found mainly east of the City near Foster Lake and north along the railroad track through the City. These areas are reserved for intense manufacturing activities and heavier commercial use. Public land, including schools, parks, libraries and City offices are found near Foster Lake, around the central commercial zone and within other residential areas within the City. The land use plan is described in detail in the City of Sweet Home's Comprehensive Plan and conforms to the State of Oregon's Statewide Planning Goal No. 2, entitled "Land Use Planning." LEE - PACE Engineers

44 Sweet Home Comprehensive Plan 0 Taxzane.shp Adoptcomp.shp Central CommwW General Industry Heavy Industrial High Density Residential Highway Commercial Light Low Density Industrial Residential Medium Density Residential Mixed Uae Residential PuMic fxecreation Commercial

45 5.2 Future Water Demand The existing (city limits) and future service area (Urban Growth Boundary) are shown in Figure 2.5. An analysis of the recent water use and population characteristics was used, together with recommendations from the Sweet Home 1997 Master Plan update, to determine the following: The average occupancy is 3.60 persons per household The average day demand is 53 1 gallons per ERU (147.5 gallons per capita per day) The peak daily demand is 1,069 gallons per ERU (3.6 x 297 gallons per capita per day) As in the population analysis, two scenarios are encountered in estimating future water demand. One is without the addition of the Santiam River Club and the other is with the Club. It is important that both cases be considered, since changes in population can make a significant impact on the water system. Tables 5-4a and 5-4b are estimates of the future water demand. Table 5-4a Estimated Water Demand Without Santiam River Club Year Estimated Population 8,464 8,634 8,896 9,257 9,350 9,826 10,328 10, , ,990 12,602 13,245 Estimated Residential Units (ERU) 2,351 2,398 2,471 2,571 2,597 2,729 2,869 3,015 3,169 3,331 3,501 3,679 Average Daily Demand (gpd) 1,248,440 1,273,515 1,312,160 1,365,408 1,379,125 1,449,335 1,523,380 1,601,113 1,682,680 1,768,525 1,858,795 1,953,638 Peak Daily Demand (gpd) 2,513,808 2,564,298 2,642,112 2,749,329 2,776,950 2,918,322 3,067,416 3,223,935 3,388,176 3,561,030 3,742,794 3,933,765 Peak Daily Demand (cfs) Permit No Peak Withdrawal Max. Monthly Rate (cfs) Vol. (MG) /6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

46 Table 5-4b Estimated Water Demand With Santiam River Club Year Estimated Population 8,464 8,807 10,195 13,302 13,435 14,120 14,840 15,597 16,393 17,229 18,108 19,032 Estimated Residential Units (ERU) 2,351 2,446 2,832 3,695 3,732 3,922 4,122 4,333 4,554 4,786 5,030 5,287 Average Daily Demand (gpd) 1,248,440 1,299,033 1,503,763 1,962,045 1,981,663 2,082,700 2,188,900 2,300,558 2,417,968 2,541,278 2,670,930 2,807,220 Peak Daily Demand (gpd) 2,513,808 2,615,679 3,027,915 3,950,694 3,990,195 4,193,640 4,407,480 4,632,309 4,868,721 5,117,013 5,378,076 5,652,504 Peak Daily Demand (cfs) Permit No Peak Withdrawal Max. Monthly Rate (cfs) Vol. (MG) I The difference in water demand between the two scenarios is significant and can amount up to 1.3 million gallons per day at the end of the study period in the year Therefore, it is important that Sweet Home plan for the estimated demand that can be caused by the addition of Santiam River Club. However, it should be noted that the City's existing water rights will be adequate. LEE - PACE Engineers

47 5.3 Water Rights Schedule It is an acceptable practice that the oldest water right permit held by an individual or government entity is put to full beneficial use before the next oldest one is used. For the City of Sweet Home, the order in which usage should occur, and hence the schedule for beneficial use, is by fully using Permit S (1 938), then Permits R-1209 and S (1951) before Permit S (1986). The schedule of beneficial use is simply the date that water drawn through a particular permit is put into full use as authorized by that permit. Perrnit S was fully perfected and certified as mentioned previously. The City of Sweet Home currently uses all of the 0.6 cfs that is allowed under the permit. Therefore, once the point of diversion transfer for this permit is completed, it will satisfy the conditions for the schedule of beneficial use and the permit needs to be re-certified. The next permits in line are R-1209 and S These two permits allow a maximum withdrawal of 7.0 cfs. However, at the rate of water use that currently exists in the City of Sweet Home, it will likely take longer than twenty years to put those permits to their full beneficial use-please refer to table 5.4b. The same situation is true for Permit S The estimated date of beneficial use for Permits R-1209, S and S falls outside the scope of this report. However, for illustration purposes an estimated schedule is included as Figure 5.3. The maximum allowable time for beneficial use is the perfection schedule and is listed in Table 5-5 for each of the City's permits. Figure 5.3 Water Rights Required for City Water Use / -c without S.R. Club + With S.R Club -Total Water RW~ YEAR LEE - PACE Engineers

48 Table 5-5 Water Right Perfection Schedule Permit Number R Priority Data 7/14/ /03/1986 Certificate Maximum Rate of Withdrawal (cfs) Perfection Schedule The total water rights available to the City amount to 13.1 cfs, or 8.5 MGD. According to the data in Table 5-4b, the peak daily demand projected for the City of Sweet Home amounts to only 8.75 cfs by the year Year Withdrawal and Available Resources The conservation measures discussed in Section 3 are expected to help reduce the amount of water withdrawn under each permit. However, population growth is still expected to increase the overall yearly peak water demand in Sweet Home. Consequently, the withdrawal is expected to increase to 6.82 cubic feet per second by the year The increase in demand, along with the poor condition of Sweet Home's existing treatment plant, has made it necessary for a new treatment plant to be constructed. The new treatment plant is expected to have a capacity of 5 MGD and be expandable to a maximum capacity of 10 MGD, which is expected to be sufficient for all the treatment needs of the City for at least the next 40 years. Piping system improvements and a new 2.0 million gallon reservoir are also planned in conjunction with the construction of the new treatment plant. As demonstrated throughout this report, Sweet Home's water supply system does not face any anticipated major shortcomings associated with its water source that can impair its ability to supply water to its residents. Also, since the proposed distribution system improvements associated with construction of the new treatment plant considered the long-term population increase in the City, serious problems associated with the City's ability to supply water are not expected under normal conditions. However, an emergency condition can always occur. 5.5 Summary The City of Sweet Home does not anticipate a change in the existing service area of its residents in the next 20 years and the city currently has sufficient water rights to enable it to continue to serve water to its residents. Also, no source issues that can impair the City's ability to withdraw water at either the South Santiam River or at Foster Lake currently exist, and Sweet Home does not foresee any source problems during the next 20 years, except emergency conditions discussed herein that can occur at any time. The capacity of both the proposed new treatment plant and the proposed distribution system improvements are expected to be sufficient for the expected population growth /6/27/ LEE - PACE Engineers

49 Appendix A Water Right Permits

50

51

52

53

54

55