Part 9- Physics Paper 1 Energy Application Questions Triple and Combined

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1 Part 9- Physics Paper 1 Energy Application Questions Triple and Combined Internal energy and energy transfers Internal energy and energy transfers Changes of state and the particle model Particle Model of Matter Hazards and uses of radioactive emissions and of background radiation (Triple) Atomic Structure Atoms and nuclear radiation Atoms and isotopes National and global energy resources Energy Energy changes in a system, and the ways energy is stored before and after such changes Conservation and dissipation of energy Solar system; stability of orbital motions; satellites Space Physics (Triple) Paper 1 Physics Paper 2 Domestic uses and safety Electricity Static electricity (Triple) Energy transfers Series and parallel circuits Current, potential difference and resistance Red-shift The motor effect Electromagnetic waves Waves in air, fluids and solids Waves Forces Momentum Magnetisim and Electromagnetism Induced potential, transformers and the National Grid (Triple) Permanent and induced magnetism, magnetic forces and fields Forces and their interactions Forces and elasticity Pressure and pressure differences in fluid (Triple) Work done and energy transfer Forces and motion

2 6.1.1 Energy changes in a system, and the ways energy is stored before and after such changes AQA TRILOGY Physics (8464) from 2016 Topics T6.1. Energy Topic Student Checklist R A G Define a system as an object or group of objects and state examples of changes in the way energy is stored in a system Describe how all the energy changes involved in an energy transfer and calculate relative changes in energy when the heat, work done or flow of charge in a system changes Use calculations to show on a common scale how energy in a system is redistributed Calculate the kinetic energy of an object by recalling and applying the equation: [ E k = ½mv 2 ] Calculate the amount of elastic potential energy stored in a stretched spring by applying, but not recalling, the equation: [ E e= ½ke 2 ] Calculate the amount of gravitational potential energy gained by an object raised above ground level by recalling and applying, the equation: [ E e = mgh ] Calculate the amount of energy stored in or released from a system as its temperature changes by applying, but not recalling, the equation: [ ΔE = mcδθ ] Define the term 'specific heat capacity' Conservation and dissipation of energy National and global energy resources Required practical 14: investigation to determine the specific heat capacity of one or more materials. Define power as the rate at which energy is transferred or the rate at which work is done and the watt as an energy transfer of 1 joule per second Calculate power by recalling and applying the equations: [ P = E/t & P = W/t ] Explain, using examples, how two systems transferring the same amount of energy can differ in power output due to the time taken State that energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated, but cannot be created or destroyed and so the total energy in a system does not change Explain that only some of the energy in a system is usefully transferred, with the rest wasted, giving examples of how this wasted energy can be reduced Explain ways of reducing unwanted energy transfers and the relationship between thermal conductivity and energy transferred Describe how the rate of cooling of a building is affected by the thickness and thermal conductivity of its walls Calculate efficiency by recalling and applying the equation: [ efficiency = useful power output / total power input ] HT ONLY: Suggest and explain ways to increase the efficiency of an intended energy transfer List the main renewable and non-renewable energy resources and define what a renewable energy resource is Compare ways that different energy resources are used, including uses in transport, electricity generation and heating Explain why some energy resources are more reliable than others, explaining patterns and trends in their use Evaluate the use of different energy resources, taking into account any ethical and environmental issues which may arise Justify the use of energy resources, with reference to both environmental issues and the limitations imposed by political, social, ethical or economic considerations

3 A. Energy changes and energy stores part 1 Energy systems and energy changes 1. Describe the energy store changes when a rocket firework is lit, goes up in the air and then falls back to the ground. (4) 2. A cyclist is braking hard to avoid a collision. Describe the energy store changes as the bicycle and rider decelerate to a stop. (3) 3. When a battery stops working people often say the energy has been used up. Explain why this statement is not correct. (2) 4. The Sankey diagram shows the simple energy store transfers for a car. Chemical energy from the petrol = J a. Calculate the amount of useful energy transferred by the engine. (1) b. What is the total amount of wasted energy in the system? (1)

4 5. An eagle has a mass of 4 kg and is flying at a velocity of 35 m/s. Calculate the kinetic energy of the bird. (3) Kinetic energy of the eagle =.. 6. The spring on a car wheel extends by 0.05 m when the wheel goes down a pothole in the road. spring E e = ½ k e 2 If the spring constant is 20 kn/m, calculate the elastic potential energy in the spring when it is extended. (2) Elastic potential energy =.. 7. A 48 kg person diving off a cliff has 3500 J of stored gravitational potential energy. Calculate the height of the cliff. (3) Height of the cliff =.

5 B. Energy changes and energy store part 2 energy changes in systems and power 8. A swimming pool contains kg of water at 8 o C. Specific heat capacity of water = 4181 J/kg o C ΔE = m x c x Δθ a. How much thermal energy is needed to raise the temperature of the water to 15 o C? (3) Energy needed =.. b. On a sunny day, the concrete at the side of the pool feels much hotter than the water even though both have received the same thermal energy from the sun. Explain fully why the concrete is hotter. (2) 9. The lift in the world s tallest building takes 64s to reach a height of 828 m. The maximum mass of the lift and passengers is 900 kg. a. Calculate the power of the lift. (3) Power of the lift =.. b. A service lift in this building is used to move furniture to apartments in the tower. This lift has a 130 kw motor. If the maximum load for this lift is 2000 kg, how long will it take to reach the top of the building? (3) Time to reach the top =.

6 C. Conservation and dissipation of energy Energy transfers and efficiency 10. The diagram represents the energy transfers for an oil-fired power station. Oil Water and steam Turbine Generator Energy transferred as heat X Energy transferred as movement Useful energy out a. What is the useful energy out? (1) b. In what form will energy be wasted? in this process? (1) c. What useful energy store is represented by the box labelled X? (1) 11. Loft insulation reduces heat loss from a home. Loft insulation can be made out of many different materials. Give two properties of the insulating material that will affect the amount of heat lost through the roof. (2)

7 12. A company sells two types of electric drill. Drill A Drill B Drill A is a 300 W drill with an output power of 165 W. Drill B is a 1100 W drill with an output power of 520 W. Explain which drill is the more efficient at transferring useful energy? (3) Most efficient drill = Describe two ways you could increase the efficiency of a household central heating system. (2) D. National and global energy resources renewable and non-renewable energy resources and patterns in energy use 14. Name four renewable and four non-renewable energy resources. (2) Renewable resources Energy Resources Non-renewable resources

8 15. An electric car uses no fossil fuels to run its motor. The manufacturer claims this car does not contribute to carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. Explain why might the manufacturer s claim is not true. (3) 16. Explain why fossil fuels are considered to be a more reliable energy resource for electricity production than the use of wind turbines. (3) 17. Name an appropriate energy source for each of the following uses and describe briefly how it is used for this purpose. (3) Use Energy source How it is used Producing electricity Transport Heating a hospital

9 18. Worldwide agreements to reduce CO 2 emissions are intended to slow down climate change. Describe how CO 2 emissions contribute to climate change. (4) 19. The chart shows the world s energy resources usage for Discuss the likely changes to the worlds energy supplies over the next 50 years. (6)