Design Project I. Zero Energy Homes. EDSGN 100 Section 003. Team Wally

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1 Design Project I Zero Energy Homes EDSGN 100 Section 003 Team Wally Alexa Paolantonio, Tyler Hutchison, Austin Hummel, Sonalika Yerra 10/14/2016 1

2 Index Team Information 3 Executive Summary 4 Introduction 5 Customer Needs 6-7 Research of ZEH 8-10 Concept Screening & Scoring 11 Cost Model Design Model Conclusion 19 References 20 2

3 Team Wally (From Left to Right) Sonalika Yerra, Tyler Hutchison, Alexa Paolantonio, & Austin Hummel Tyler Hutchison Alexa Paolantonio Austin Hummel Sonalika Yerra 3

4 Executive Summary: The Smith family is looking to upgrade their current living space to a zero energy home. The home must be able to accommodate the needs of a family of 3. The family would like an open floor plan of the house, so their young son has room to play. As a family, they have been progressing towards green energy to help save the environment over the past few years. The objective of this project is to design a zero energy home for the Smith s while keeping their living needs and budget into consideration. Their current home is in Colorado, on the outskirts of the town Boulder. They want to stay on the property that they are currently on, so they will have their current house taken down and will also hire a contractor to level the ground in order to prep the building site. The Smiths have chosen to have solar energy as their primary source of energy for their home. They have requested that the cost stays under $215,000. The square footage of the house is going to be 1,536 ft2. The house will be 32 x48, and will contain: 2 bedrooms, 1 full bathroom, a utility room, a combined kitchen and dining room, and a family room per requested by the Smiths. Further specifications they have given us are that the home has energy efficient appliances, a backup energy source, and is still aesthetically pleasing and modern. In developing the design for the home, we looked at a total of 8 Zero Energy Homes with the Smiths to try and figure out what would suit them and their needs the best. This was very useful in having the chance to pull the best concepts from all of the other homes into our final design. The Smith s narrowed it down to two homes that they liked the best. Through evaluating the homes further, we came to a conclusion that the Smiths liked that both homes used photovoltaic cells as their main source of energy, and want to include this in their home. Another aspect that the Smith s saw in these other homes and wanted to include in their living space was the strategic use of windows. This is a way to maximize the use of sunlight, and minimize the need for the use of artificial light sources, and therefore helping in reduction of overall energy in the home. Another thing that the Smith family would like for us to include in their home is the use of energy star appliances. The Smith family not only enjoyed the aesthetic aspect that these appliances bring to the home, but they also liked how energy efficient they are as well. The design was presented with various risks. One of it was meeting the budget as zero energy homes can be very expensive. We were able to stay under their budget and stay at $195,646. Thus, choosing the correct resources and materials was important. Since solar energy was our main source of energy, the storage of the energy was also necessary. Regular inspections on the working area would not delay the work. The final prototype is scheduled to be ready by October

5 Introduction Over the past few years, there has been much talk about exhaustion of nonrenewable, natural resources. In order to solve our problem with mass depletion of these non-renewable resources, actions have been taken to reduce consumption and reserve these limited resources. Of these resources, we can note that natural resources like fossil fuels are most notably the non-renewable resources that will be likely depleted within our lifetimes. We consume so much of fossil fuels through daily commutes and heating our homes that without it, our lives would be completely changed negatively. Therefore, to offset that negative change before it occurs, we must set out to change the way we consume, and one way of doing so is through the use of Zero Energy Homes. This is attainable via a home having a net zero energy. To obtain a net zero energy, an object, such as a home, must use other methods of energy consumption such as renewable energy sources. It is a possible method to change the rapid depletion of non-renewable resources that occurs currently through energy consumption. A home can be designed around the key factor of having a net zero energy consumption, and our team has set out to complete that objective. 5

6 Customer Needs While doing research on current builds of Zero Energy Homes, we conducted some surveys to get some ideas of what the majority of the consumer base thought of the idea of having a Zero Energy Home. Below is the exact survey we took. The answer with the highlight signifies the highest ranking answer Renewable Energy Source Survey 1. Do you believe that taking steps towards green energy would be beneficial to our country? a. Yes b. No 2. Where would your ideal ZEH be? Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Colorado, or Oregon? a. Colorado b. Pennsylvania c. Oregon d. Massachusetts 3. Would you rather have your ZEH in the country or city? a. Country b. City 4. Would you buy a ZEH if it is more expensive upfront? If not, if the government provided tax incentives would you? a. No, yes b. Yes, yes c. No, no 5. Would you like the addition of solar panels? a. Yes b. No 6. If you answered yes to number 5, would you prefer your solar panels to be located on your roof or in your yard? a. Roof b. Yard 7. Would you prefer solar or wind energy as your primary source of power for your home? a. Solar b. Wind Since the majority preferred a ZEH in Colorado, we researched the area of Boulder, CO. We found that the population was 97,385 in 2010 and that the average snowfall was about 88 per season. The area has a relatively dry climate in the summer with temperatures in the 90 s, and has snowy winter conditions with temperatures averaging in the 30 s. 6

7 Customer Needs We then compiled these results of our survey into a customer needs table as shown below. # Customer statement Needs Statement 1 Design a ZEH in Colorado A ZEH in Colorado will produce enough energy that it uses 2 Location must be in a rural setting A quiet, open setting will prove to be aesthetically pleasing 3 Reduce costs as much as possible Price must be designated under $215,000 4 Use the addition of solar energy in the build Mount solar panels upon the roof to provide additional energy 5 Modern Design Innovative, new designs will be the ones considered first 6 Easy to Maintain The house will be designed in an attempt to minimize the amount of space used 7 Able to house a family of three The house will feature 2 bedrooms and 1 bath All the data was then organized into a metrics matrix format. This needs metrics format combines the customer needs to display how they relate to features and specifications of the design 7

8 Research In addition to our surveys conducted above, we did further research into what exactly some current build Zero Energy Homes look like. Below are 3 examples of what we found. Location (city, state) House size (floor area in square feet) Easthampton, MA 1575 sq. ft. Number of floors 2 URL of web site where info is found Number of occupants Not listed Number of bedrooms 4 Type of heating system (forced air, hydronic, radiant floor, heat pump, etc. Main heating fuel (electricity, natural gas, wood, oil, etc.) Size of photovoltaic system (kilowatts) Solar water heater (yes or no) Heat pump electricity 7 kw no R-value of wall insulation 37.5 R-value of ceiling insulation 80.0 Ventilation air heat recovery (yes or no) Yes Predicted or measured annual energy use 7417 Any other pertinent info House built by Habitat for Humanity team 8

9 Location (city, state) House size (floor area in square feet) Montague Urban Homestead, MA 1152 sq. ft. Number of floors 1 URL of web site where info is found Number of occupants roenergy.htm Not listed Number of bedrooms 3 Type of heating system (forced air, hydronic, radiant floor, heat pump, etc. Main heating fuel (electricity, natural gas, wood, oil, etc.) Size of photovoltaic system (kilowatts) Solar water heater (yes or no) Heat pump electricity 4.94 kw no R-value of wall insulation 42 R-value of ceiling insulation 100 Ventilation air heat recovery (yes or no) Predicted or measured annual energy use Yes 1949 KWH Any other pertinent info 9

10 Location (city, state) House size (floor area in square feet) Tiverton, RI 1372 sq. ft. Number of floors 2 URL of web site where info is found Number of occupants Not listed Number of bedrooms 4 Type of heating system (forced air, hydronic, radiant floor, heat pump, etc. Main heating fuel (electricity, natural gas, wood, oil, etc.) Size of photovoltaic system (kilowatts) Solar water heater (yes or no) Heat pump electricity 9kW No, but does have an electric heat pump water heater R-value of wall insulation R-value of ceiling insulation Ventilation air heat recovery (yes or no) yes Predicted or measured annual energy use Any other pertinent info 10

11 Concept Screening Concept Scoring 11

12 Cost Model To determine all of the final costs of building our proposed design of a Zero Energy Home, we were able to form a cost model displaying all of the individual costs of each criteria for our design. In our first section of the cost model display, one can see all of the criteria that we included to form a final cost. This criteria includes dimensions, square footage, wall R values, window area, appliances, the heating and cooling system type, photovoltaic system specifications, average temperature and total cost. 12

13 Cost Model This second portion of our cost model displays various areas that we were initially provided throughout each region in Pennsylvania, along with data that we inputted for our location, which is Boulder, Colorado. 13

14 Design In our final design, we determined from our concept screening and scoring that a single story, 2 bedroom household would be an efficient design for our project. We kept it very conventional and straightforward. Bedroom #1, technically speaking, is the master bedroom, yet it features no master bathroom. The house only features one bathroom for the sake of space conservation. There is a utility room adjacent to the bathroom and a wide open area in the front featuring combined kitchen, dining, and living spaces. We did not take into account minor details such as closets (for example) in our design. The minor features will be implemented into the build when enacted. 14

15 Design Featured below is our side elevation. It depicts the wall and roof specifications as well as the window set specifications. We set out to keep windows limited to the South side for reasons of using energy from the sun for heating the house. The first window set will provide energy to the front open living space while the second window set will provide energy into the bedrooms. Note that the walls for the bedrooms span all the way to the top of the ceiling. This is so the second window set can function properly. 15

16 Model We have two types of methods in terms of depicting our model. First we have a physical model. It is made of Balsa wood with the addition of glue, tacks, and paper decals. 16

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18 Finally, our second method of depiction is a 3-D SolidWorks generated model. 18

19 Conclusion At the conclusion of this project, I think our team as a whole can say that our project has been a success. We researched multiple scenarios that could have been acted upon and we confidently chose what we believe to be the best one that fulfills the customer's needs while meeting the requirements of a Zero Energy Home. During our research, we found out what exactly it takes to fulfill those requirements. We learned about photovoltaic systems, how exactly solar angles from the sun can be used for heating, and how much energy can really be conserved by these homes. Our design has successfully completed our customer needs (as stated above) and has definitely shown that it has the potential to meet all of our expectations. 19

20 References eroenergy.htm ZEH Home Calculator found on EDSGN 100 on Canvas All other files/presentations/assignments found on EDSGN 100 on Canvas 20