Implementing the Water Framework a Finnish View. Antton Keto EPA National Water Event th June 2013

Transcription

1 Implementing the Water Framework a Finnish View Antton Keto EPA National Water Event th June 2013

2 Environmental Administration

3 Finland s environmental administration The Ministry of the Environment The Housing Finance and Development Centre for Finland (ARA) Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) 2 The Regional State Administrative Agencies 1 The Centres for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment 1 and 2 Metsähallitus 1 1) The Ministry of the Environment guides the work related to environmental issues of the regional state administrative agencies and the centres for economic development, transport and the environmental. Additionally, the Ministry guides the nature conservation work of the Natural Heritage Services unit for Metsähallitus. 2) The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry is responsible for the work related to water resource management of the Finnish Environment Institute and the centres for economic development transport and the environment. Ympäristöministeriö / VIE 2010 / Ympäristöhallinnon 3 esittely

4 Environmental authorities Supreme Administrative Court Vaasa Regional Administrative Court 4 Regional State Administrative Agencies 13 The Centres for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment Municipality Environment Protection Boards (ca. 360) 4

5 Call for environmental knowledge is increasing From water protection to environmental protection Climate change mitigation Green economy Sustainable use of natural resources Biodiversity Ecosystem services Baltic Sea Interdisciplinarity, internationalisation Global challenges Increasing environmental awareness Decade of water protection National Board of Waters Ministry of the Environment SYKE National Board of Waters and the Environment

6 SYKE organisation

7 Hannele Pokka Environmental Administration in Finland New organization of Regional Authorities since 1 January 2010 The Centres for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment

8 Water resources in Finland lakes km of shoreline islands 647 rivers Freshwater reserves m 3 /a, person liter/d person

9 Water Protection in Finland

10 Development of phosphorus discharges t/a Industry Fish Farming Municipalities

11 Development of Nitrogen discharges t/a Industry Fish Farming Municipalities

12 Water supply and sewerage Approximately 90 per cent of Finnish population is served by waterworks - About 60 percent of served water is groundwater Wastewater treatment accounts for 81 percent of the population - All urban and industrial wastewater is treated - 95 percent reduction of organicmatter - 95 percent reduction of phosphorus - 55 percent reduction of nitrogen

13 Long term target setting Integrated water resources management plans in the 1970`s and in 1980`s Four national Water Protection Programmes since 1974, the latest was adopted in 2006 River Basin Management Plans covering all surface waters and groundwater Finland`s Programme for the Protection of the Baltic Sea in 2002, HELCOM BSAP, EU Baltic Sea Strategy

14 Water legislation Water Act, 1961, several revisons Environmental Protection Act, 2000, under revision River Basin Planning act (based on EU WFD), 2004 Flood Management Act, 2010 The Government Decree on harmful substances, 2006 The Government Decree agricultural nitrates, 2000 The Government Decree on Urban waste water treatment, 2006 The Government Decree on Treating Domestic Wastewater in Areas Outside Sewerage Networks,2003

15 Water policy instruments Legislation and enforcement Economic Instruments - Agri-environment subsidy - Water and waste water charges Financing - Rehabilitation of water bodies - Construction of wastewater and water supply networks International co operation - Baltic Sea co operation, transboundary waters, other activities - Financing water protection in the neighbouring areas

16 Implementing the Water Framework

17 Finland s eight river basin districts (RBD s) 1. Vuoksi RBD 2. Kymijoki-Gulf of Finland RBD 3. Kokemäenjoki-Archipelago Sea- Bothnian Sea RBD 4. Oulujoki-Iijoki RBD 5. Kemijoki RBD Two international river basin districts (IRBD) have also been designated covering parts of Finland: 6. Tornionjoki IRBD (shared with Sweden) 7. Teno, Näätämöjoki and Paatsjoki IRBD (shared with Norway) 8. A separate RBD has been defined to cover the autonomous Åland Islands, where the WFD is being implemented by the provincial government

18 Ministry of the Environment Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry National Coordination Group Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) GUIDANCES GUIDANCES Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute (RKTL) RIVER BASIN DISTRICTS (7+1) RBD Coordinator ELY-centres (1-6) Regional cooperation groups (+ subgroups) Municipalities, Enterprises Local authorities Citizens Universities Other local actors RBD Steering group RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT PLAN Municipalities, enterprises and local authorities Citizens and other local actors Government organizations

19 Organization and collaboration for 2 nd cycle Steering group for RBMP planning National Coordination Group for RBM planning National Coordination Group for WFD data Management National Coordination Group for Flood Risk Management National Coordination and Expert Group for Marine strategy

20 Steering group for RBMP Members: representatives from different ministries Financing, Transport, Agriculture and Forestry, Environment, Employment and Economy Main tasks: Integrate RBMP Implementation to existing practises Implement policy measures Follow up implementation process in general

21 National Coordination Group for RBMP Members: representatives from ministry of Environment and Ministry of Agriculture and Forest, competent coordinative authorities and representatives from SYKE Main tasks: Support to RBMP Implementation Accommodate flood risk management, marine strategy and climate change Support to data management, monitoring systems and reporting Communication and training Guidance's

22 Nature of the plans The measures in the River Basin Management Plans are not binding for single actors The state government and municipalities promote activities within the framework of their budgetary funds. Many actions are voluntary and their success depends on the willingness of enterprises and individual citizens to implement them. River Basin Management Plans will be considered when granting the environmental permits Feedback from the European Commission Financial commitment is unclear

23 Integration of different interests Continuous cooperation at the same time in regional and national level based on communication plan coordination of key messages stakeholder seminars meetings separately with all stakeholders National planning guidance's Prepared together with different levels of administration and stakeholders National coordination groups includes persons from all levels of administration and key persons of parallel processes (Floods, Ocean etc.) Practical R&D projects focused on stakeholder involvement and decision making support 23

24 What 1st River Basin Management Plans tell us? LAKE SAIMAA 24

25 Number of water bodies and monitoring stations Surface water category sites WFD 2010 water bodies Lakes Rivers Coastal Total

26 River typology in Finland 1. Small peatland rivers 2. Small rivers in regions with mineral soils 3. Small rivers in regions with clay soils 4. Medium-sized peatland rivers 5. Medium-sized rivers in regions with mineral soils 6. Medium-sized rivers in regions with clay soils 7. Large peatland rivers 8. Large rivers in regions with mineral soils 9. Large rivers in regions with clay soils 10. Very large peatland rivers 11. Very large rivers in regions with mineral soils

27 Ecological status of surface waters by proportion of total length (rivers) or surface area Source: Regional Environment Centres and Finnish Environment Institute SYKE

28 Ecological classification 59% 41% 4% The location and boundaries of river water bodies are not identified to a smaller extent than for lake water bodies.

29 Migration barriers

30 Phosphorus loading (point and diffuse)

31 Result: measures are needed in all the sectors Reducing the agricultural loads is the biggest challenge Reducing loads of Domestic Wastewater in Areas Outside Sewerage Networks (updated Decree 20011) Reducing the harmful impacts of hydrological engineering and water-level regulation Measures with acid sulphate soils Water body restoration Reducing the loads from forestry Protecting groundwater

32 Type of the additional measures Most of the 70 measure types are very concrete measures Part of those measures are planned on a level of specific river/lake On the other hand, some of the measures are planned on the regional level Also regional differences in level of planning with same mitigation measure Moreover 80 policy measures (legal, economical, administration)

33 ADDITIONAL PRESENT MEASURES MEASURES TOTAL SECTOR (1000 /year) (1000 /year) (1000 /year) Municipalities Scattered and holiday settlement Industry Fish farming Peat production Fur production Agriculture, public costs Agriculture, costs for farmers Forestry Acidity control Trafic Soil extraction Polluted land and sediments River system restoration Groundwater conservation plans TOTAL COSTS

34 Reaching the objectives In one fourth of the planned area the objectives will be reached later than 2015 In the Gulf of Finland and Archipelago Sea the good status will be reached by 2027 In coastal rivers the good status will be reached by 2021 or 2027 In big lakes the good status will be reached by 2015 or they are already now in good status In small lakes with heavy agricultural loading the good status will be reached later than 2015

35 Implementation of measures Ministry of the Environment coordinated preparation of the national action program for the implementation of the policy instruments of RBMPs Approved by Council of State Feb 17th 2011 Regional authorities (ELYcentres) agreed with regional cooperation groups about timetable and financing of regional measures by September 2011

36 Data management - Introduction to Hertta Contains environmental data produced or gathered by environmental administration Mainly Raw in-situ data (observations, measurements, analysis results) For professionals Available for everybody in environmental administration All public data also available in Internet (Oiva) wwwp2.ymparisto.fi/

37 A brief look at Hertta

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39 Summary Established several national working groups, ministries involved also in preparation phase SYKE prepare national guidance's with ministries and ELYcenters ELY-centers prepare RBMP and PoM SYKE has prepared centralized data management system including reporting activities Continuous cooperation with stakeholders at the same time in regional and national level Keep it as simple as possible, it is still too complicated! 39

40 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!