Co-Deployment for Sustainable Connectivity

Transcription

1 Co-Deployment for Sustainable Connectivity Combining Power and ICTs Michael Williamson Chief of Section, Energy Division, UN ESCAP

2 Roadmap for Today SDG 7 and the work of the ESCAP Energy Division Status of energy Connectivity in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Mongolia Gaps and challenges Co-deployment of energy and other infrastructure as a pathway for sustainable development

3 Sustainable Development Goal 7

4 Objectives of the sustainable energy transition in Asia-Pacific Asia-Pacific policy-makers face three interlinked challenges: 1. Matching a growing energy demand with adequate supply; 2. Achieving the emissions targets set under the NDCs 3. Achieving the targets of SDG7 SDG7 Targets Target 7.1: ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services. Target 7.2: increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix. Target 7.3: double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency.

5 Regional Work of the Energy Division China Joint paper on connectivity with China Electric Power Planning and Engineering Institute Partnership with GEIDCO Kazakhstan: Building capacity for better understanding future energy demand and the impact of renewable energy on the energy system. Focus on coal fired electricity generation and its regional socio-economic impacts. Mongolia Previous project on energy cooperation in North East Asia Russia: Supported the Asia Pacific Energy Forum, including such tools as the Asia Pacific Energy Portal

6 Status of Energy Connectivity in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Mongolia

7 Current Power Grid in Central Asia Global Energy Network Institute

8 Current Power Grid in Mongolia Energy Regulatory Commission of Mongolia

9 Total Final Electricity Consumption (Thousand TOE) Kazakhstan Electricity Consumption in TOE (2014) Kyrgyzstan Mongolia

10 Electricity Imports and Exports (Thousand TOE) Kazakhstan: Electricity exports slightly exceed imports, collectively comprising 7% Imports, 3% Exports, 4% Electricity Trade in TOE (2014) Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Mongolia Balance of Consumption, 93% Kyrgyzstan: Electricity imports exceed exports; both comprise small proportion of consumption Imports, 3% Balance of Consumption, 97% Exports, 1% Mongolia: Imports comprise about a quarter of electricity consumed Imports, 26% Total Electricity Exports Total Electricity Imports Exports, 1% Balance of Consumpti on, 73%

11 Gaps and Challenges: Overall Region International cooperation or policy coordination among countries and in the region can be strengthened. Highly exposed and vulnerable to many disasters which can cause disruption and damage to energy infrastructure and connectivity. Opportunity for infrastructure projects to take advantage of co-deployment with other sectoral infrastructure.

12 Co-deployment as a Pathway to Sustainable Power Connectivity

13 Energy ICT Transport Transmission of power Installation of fiber optic Long-distance road or rail Co- Deployment of Power and ICT (e.g. electricity, oil, gas) through pipelines or ducts within or between countries. cable to increase telecom service and shared use of telecom infrastructure coverage in remote and incipient regions. constructions that increase inter-regional connectivity

14 Codeployment of Power and ICT Cont d Value of Energy: Energy is the cornerstone of sustainable development - a precursor to economic development and other social and environmental outcomes. Value of ICT for Development: ICTs provide fundamental communication channels that can both enable and enhance critical social and economic outcomes. Symbiotic relationship with co-benefits Energy only as useful as the services and appliances it enables. ICTs enhance connectivity and support the strong electricity grid development. Economic benefits of ICT are unlocked only if energy access is available and reliable. Energy is therefore critical to the function of ICTs.

15 ICTs Support the Achievement of SDG7 Access For grid extension: ICT supports billing, such as pay-as-you-go models, enhancing the business case for providers. For mini-, micro-, and off-grid: ICT helps consumers manage their use or contributions to the system (in cases of small-scale renewables). Monitoring capacity through cell phone connectivity can improve reliability of power supply. Efficiency Monitoring via ICT can reduce non-technical distribution losses Smart grids and smart meters help grid operators or consumers monitor energy use and adjust behaviors to manage it. Renewable Energy Because renewable power generation is more variable and requires more monitoring, availability of ICTs can assist renewable energy grid integration.

16 Potential Benefits of Co- Deployment Cost savings when co-deploying infrastructure shared easement, construction costs. Resulting infrastructure allows increased access to both power and ICT links Fewer negative environmental impacts Increased resilience to natural disasters Case studies in India, Bhutan, Portugal, and Malawi highlight such benefits.

17 Challenges and recommendations for Implementation of Co-deployment Challenges Requires collaboration between different ministerial and federal authorities as well as different companies Requires clear regulatory framework Requires trust between industry actors Recommendations Align energy and telecommunication regulations Develop common Market Definitions Develop common standards Shared data in order to take a balanced, collaborative approach to meet technical needs and ensure cybersecurity.

18 The Business Case for Codeployment Cost-savings and synergies in building infrastructure Cost-savings and synergies in collecting data and continually monitoring systems Easier to have private sector collaboration between industries than between competitors in the same industry Long-term symbiotic relationship in terms of strengthening the system, ensuring payments, and reducing inefficiencies. Interdependencies for Telecommunications and Energy Infrastructure: (OEDC 2006)

19 Case Study: Co- Deployment in India under Gail and GailTel Gail is India s largest natural gas company and is placed among the largest energy utility firms in Asia. GailTel is the telecom arm of Gail which provides a wide range of IT and communication as well as data management services. Co-deployment through pipelines: 120,000km of fibre optic cables network along GAIL s crossregional pipelines connecting more than 100 localities Additional non-pipeline network covering major cities through highways Existing OFC network by co-deployment in India Upcoming OFC projects by co-deployment in India

20 Case Study: Co- Deployment in India under Gail and GailTel Project Benefits: Cost savings by building both power and ICT connectivity together using fiber optic cables. Increases access to and reliability of electricity Added connectivity stimulates economic activity Lower greenhouse emissions during construction period International Connectivity using Co-deployment

21 Next Steps Undertake feasibility study for potential of co-deployment along different corridors. Options may include pathways connecting: Urumqi, China and Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Almaty, Kazakhstan and Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Eastern and southern parts of Kazakhstan Rural parts of Mongolia Connecting renewable generation plants in Kyrgyzstan Undertake cost-benefit analysis to assess net benefits and identify non-monetary benefits, including environmental and social benefits. Formulate a proposal for financing, using market-based tools and leveraging public private partnerships. Formulate a methodology and action plan for governments to collaborate to implement the project.

22 Potential Supplementary Activities in Energy Strengthen and expand cross-border electricity infrastructure, which will improve grid stability and reduce capital and operating expenses Strengthen resilience and improve grid designs by developing risk and vulnerability maps Increase cross-border cooperation of energy ministries and SDG focal points, identifying gaps and solutions on the above issues

23 Thank you Michael Williamson Chief of Section, Energy Division, UN ESCAP