Introduction and utilizing of natural energy in Net ZEB practice

Transcription

1 Introduction and utilizing of natural energy in Net ZEB practice Takenaka Corporation Higashi-kanto Branch Office Renewable Energy Institute / Green Building Symposium Takenaka Corporation Hiroaki Takai

2 Background

3 Renovation of this office Small office, Location is Chiba City in Japan, gross floor area 1,318 Completion in 2003, and Renovation completion in Nov./2003 *1,318 m 2 = 14,187 ft 2 Mar./2016 Construction Office Currently in Use (12 years) Completion 2003 Renovation 2016 ZEB Office Operation Before After

4 Interior of the building after renovation

5 Building outline Building type Office Location Chiba City (Near from Tokyo) Site area 1, Structure, size RC S, 2 stories Height 8.1m Building area Gross floor area 1, Completion 2003 Completion of Renovation 2016 Design & Built Takenaka Corporation

6 Concepts of this office ZEB renovation Change the theory of comfort Maximum use of daylighting, natural vent. & control Temperature control by radiant cooling & heating Humidity control by desiccant air conditioning Airflow control by personal diffuser Create super energy-saving building Significant reduction of thermal load by renovation of facade LED task & ambient lighting & control Ceiling radiant cooling & heating direct use of geo-thermal direct use of solar heat Think smart work-style Divide into 3 areas in the office Moving promotion of workers and Work-mode change Environmental setting at each area Space of common area and Sharing of machines Wellness control Become resistant to disaster Operation time increase, BCP performance increase Photovoltaics panel Solar heat Battery

7 Concepts of this office ZEB renovation Building Design System Design Operation Change Change the theory of comfort Maximum use of daylighting, natural vent. & control Temperature control by radiant cooling & heating Humidity control by desiccant air conditioning Airflow control by personal diffuser Create super energy-saving building Significant reduction of thermal load by renovation of facade LED task & ambient lighting & control Ceiling radiant cooling & heating direct use of geo-thermal direct use of solar heat Think smart work-style Divide into 3 areas in the office Moving promotion of workers and Work-mode change Environmental setting at each area Space of common area and Sharing of machines Wellness control Become resilient to disaster Operation time increase, BCP performance increase Photovoltaics panel Solar heat Battery

8 Smart work-style Sharing copy machines and others Filing area Communication area Workplace Entrance

9 Various Technologies for ZEB Renovation Reuse of existing aluminum fins Installation of double skin Sunshade by external blinds Thermal insulation enhancement by replacement with high thermal insulation glass Enhanced thermal insulation of roof and external walls Radiant panel Natural ventilation (automatic control) Solar panel Solar heat collecting panel Natural lighting and natural ventilation from top lights Low humidity by desiccant air conditioning Geothermal heat collecting piles and direct use of geothermal heat Double skin Natural ventilation opening (automatic control) Daylight from both side (blind automatic control) Personal diffuser LED lighting Radiant cooling & heating panel Geothermal heat using pile (Heat exchanger: Borehole) Technologies of ZEB renovation Solar heat collecting panel PV panel Others; Remote building control system with cloud, Battery for BCP, and so on.

10 Enovation of Exterior (roof, wall, glass and double skin) Roof: +100mm insulating (=3.94 inch) Before Renovation Sun-shading external blinds Replacement with high thermal insulation glass (argon-gas-charged low-ε glass) Outer skin glass After Renovation Vertical louvers (reuse) Wall: +50mm insulating (=1.97 inch) Detail of exterior

11 Direct Use of Geothermal Heat Geothermal heat collecting pile (During construction) parking space Radiant panel Dessicant air conditioner Water source and air source heat pump chiller Boreholes Depth: 67 m Geothermal heat collecting system

12 Direct Use of Solar Heat Solar heat panel Radiating panel Desiccant AHU (re heat) Radiating panel Desiccant AHU Hot water tank Hot water tank Solar heat utilization system

13 Direct Use of Geothermal & Solar Heat Cooling WHP-1 (for desiccant) AHP-1 (for desiccant) WHP-1(for radiant panels) Direct use of geothermal heat (for desiccant) MJ/month AHP-1 (for radiant panels) Direct use of geothermal heat (for radiant panels) M. AHP-1 (for desiccant and radiant panels) 2016 J. J. 40% A. geothermal S. O. N. D. J. F. M. A. M. J. J. A. S Solar heat collector (for desiccant) AHP-2 (for desiccant) 21% solar heat WHP-1 (for desiccant and radiant panels) Solar heat collector (for desiccant and radiant panels) 100% solar heat Heating Summer Winter Summer Detailed breakdown of annual heat usage in office on the second floor

14 Become resistant to disaster Devices on the roof Photovoltaics panel Solar heat panel Re-use lithium-ion battery

15 The prediction of energy consumption and energy generation Result after renovation MJ/m2/year Result before renovation 1,400MJ/m2/year

16 Thermal Load and Energy Consumption: Predicted and Actual Performance Site EUI [kbtu/(ft2 month] Primary (source) [MJ/( year] 160 Generation 120 Generation(Before) Generation(Actual) Consumption(predicted) Generation(predicted) Consumption(Before) Consumption(Actual) Site EUI [kbtu/(ft2 year] Primary (source) [MJ/( year] 1,600 Generation 1, M. J. J. A. S. O. N. D. J. F. M. A Before Predicted Actual Consumption ,200-1,600 1,396 Consumption Annual total consumption of primary energy (May 2016 Apr. 2017) * 403 MJ/year/m 2 = 35.5 kbtu / ft 2 (primary) = 13.1 kbtu / ft 2 (EUI) 417 MJ/year/m 2 = 36.7 kbtu / ft 2 (primary) = 13.5 kbtu / ft 2 (EUI) *Showing primary energy : 9.76MJ/kWh

17 Air Temperature & Humidity Radiant Ceiling Panel Desiccant Air-Conditioner Personal Diffuser Automatically Natural Ventilation Controlled

18 Ceiling Type Desiccant Air Handling Unit Exhaust Flow-channel-switching moisture absorption and desorption equipment Static total heat exchanger Return air Air supply Outside dimensions: 2,250 (W) 1,050 (D) 450 (H) Outdoor air Internal structure of outside air handling unit for desiccant

19 Air Temperature & Humidity Feb. May Aug. Feb. Aug. May Operative Temperature ( C) Humidity Ratio (g H 2 O/ kg Dry Air) Indoor temperature and humidity in Aug., Feb., and May (ASHRAE 55 graphic method)

20 Air velocities & Ventilation Indoor temprature Interior wind Velocity ºC 15ACH 10ACH 5ACH 2ACH Night purging Daytime natural ventilation Indoor wind velocity and temperature under natural ventilation (on May 19) Measured air volumes supplied by natural ventilation (May 16 to 19, 2017)

21 Radiant Thermal Control Summer(July Low-partition wall surface Radiant panel Ceiling surface Window glass Desktop Floor surface Winter(Dec.) Low-partition wall surface Radiant panel Ceiling surface Desktop Floor surface Window glass

22 Personal Diffuser strong mode middle mode weak mode 0.8m/s =1.79mph 0.5m/s =1.12mph 0.3m/s =0.67mph Measured distributions of air stream from personal diffuser This personal diffuser utilizes a nozzle installed on the ceiling surface to create an air flow towards an individual s face. Each worker can adjust the air volume from their own super-small fan.

23 Wellness Control by wearable devices Wearable Devices Radiant cooling & heating panel

24 Wellness Control by wearable devices

25 Annual energy balance Actual result : 417 : : :

26 Comparison of primary energy consumption and annual energy balance before and after renovation EUI [kbtu/(ft2 year)] Actual Primary Energy Consumption MJ/m2 year Others Lighting Air Conditioning & ventilation Power Outlet Maximum Utilization & Control of Daylighting Task & ambient Lighting Several Litghting Control 71% 71 Reduction Downsizing Building Services Capacity by Thermal Load Reduction Direct Utirization of Geo thermal & Solar heat Maximum Utirization of Natural Ventilation and Control Environmental Setting for each areas and Control Downsizing PC Devices Sharing of eco saving copy machines and others Before Renovation After Renovation After Renovation (Including PV) 30% 32 Reduction Net Zero Energy Building Comparison of primary energy consumption before and after renovation

27 Natural Energy and Energy Consumption of Whole Building MJ/m 2 year 1 year actual result after renovation Generation Consumption -417 Photovoltaics -26 Geothemal & Solar heat Plug load 151 Air Conditioning & Vent. 200 Lighting 53 Others Geothermal heat and Solar heat is 30% of Air-Conditioning supply energy. Photovoltaics power covers all of the rest.

28 Conclusion This project is Japan's first Net ZEB project for renovating a thirteen-year-old building actually in use in order to convert it to Net ZEB and also covers plug loads. This is an actual case, that not only achieved zero energy cost, but also brought about co-benefits such as improved comfort, improved workplace productivity, work-style innovation, a healthy walking wellness office, and better business continuity during disasters.