NUALGI. Invented and manufactured by NUALGI NANOBIOTECH. T SAMPATH KUMAR BANGALORE

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1 NUALGI Invented and manufactured by NUALGI NANOBIOTECH T SAMPATH KUMAR BANGALORE Marketed by Kadambari Consultants Pvt Ltd Hyderabad

2 NUALGI 'NUALGI' is a patented nano technology plant nutrient that promotes photosynthesis and thus speed up the growth of any plant. Its being used to increase growth of diatoms algae in seawater, high saline water, fresh water, polluted water, sewage water, etc. The growth of diatoms is very fast - starting within 5 minutes and continues as long as the nutrient lasts i.e., about 1 week. Its being tested on Green Algae to extract them for Biodiesel.

3 NUALGI On land the micronutrients required are available and plants pick up the required nutrients from the soil. In water, the micro nutrients are not soluble and hence they precipitate out. Nualgi contains Silica, Iron, Manganese, Zinc and other metals and minerals. Green Algae and Diatom Algae are two groups of algae. Diatoms evolved first and these have silica bodies and are consumed by Zooplankton. Green Algae are the direct ancestors of terrestrial plants and theyt have a cellulose cell walls, hence are not consumed by zooplankton. Both Diatoms and Green Algae have many uses and Nualgi can be used to stimulate their growth.

4 NUALGI Diatom Algae Nualgi is specifically made to be available to be consumed by Diatom algae. 1 kg of Nualgi used in natural lakes or sewage treatment plants results in a bloom of Diatoms and these absorb about kg of Carbon dioxide and release 100 kgs of Oxygen. 1 kg of Nualgi treats 1 acre of lake for a period of 1 week about 4 million litres.

5 DIATOM ALGAE Are small algae less than 1 mm in size. Among several species of algae, diatoms as a species are responsible for more than 50 % of the world's food produced in thet oceans. Diatom Algae are beneficial Algae compared to other types of Algae like Blue Green Algae and Dinoflagallets. The growing diatom algae absorb nutrients and carbon dioxide and produces oxygen by photosynthesis. The oxygen released during photosynthesis helps aerobic bacteria in breaking down the organics and converting the pollutants to base constituents. In wastewater treatment plants and polluted lakes, the stinking odor produced by an anaerobic system is eliminated.

6 GREEN & BLUE GREEN ALGAE In rivers / streams / lakes where sewage is dumped untreated the proliferation of green and blue green algae is seen. The water will be dark green or blackish in color and the usual foul smell of H2S is present. These algae have cellulose cell walls and hence cannot support downstream food chain for Fish. The algae periodically dies off causing algal crash and in the process it removes dissolved oxygen from the water causing mass Fish kill.

7 FOOD CHAIN Diatom algae produce food by photosynthesis. Diatom Algae are consumed by zooplankton. Zooplankton are food for Fish. If there are no Fish, the zooplankton become part of the sludge and become excellent manure for plants. There is no bad smell both in the water and in the sludge.

8 NUALGI Benefits / changes in water body Increases in fish population. The availability of fishes brings migrating birds like cranes and pelicans into the vicinity of the lakes. In Bangalore Madivala lake was treated and Pelicans flocking to the lake in November 2007 when the fishes were abundant. Other lakes in which it has used - Ulsoor Lake, Vengayyana kere, Puttenahalli Lake.

9 NUALGI Extract from Ashok Leyland Ltd CSR Report During the heavy downpours in end-2005, the ponds filled up and overflowed. After the rains, the living organisms in the ponds, including the fish, were found to be dying in large numbers. Extensive analysis of the reasons was carried out in coordination n with a few Governmental agencies. The root cause was found to be an increase in the Biological Oxygen demand due to sudden changes in atmospheric conditions accompanying the downpours - a serious threat to the living organisms in the water. As a solution, a chemical called Nualgi was used to increase the Oxygen content in the water and the problem was solved. :// _report_final1. 1.pdf

10 NUALGI Mosquitos and Water Hyacinth It was observed that mosquitoes do not breed in the clean oxygenated water. Water Hyacinth also does not grow in clean water. However detailed studies are yet to be conducted.

11 NUALGI procedure Nualgi has to be taken in 60 mesh net and dissolved in water and added by bucket or mug to the water body. The dissolution can also be made in a tank and the water released into the lake. The efficacy of the product is increased by higher dilution. The test for determining the quantity of Nualgi required depends on the ultimate dissolved oxygen level required. One has to optimize quantity of Nualgi required for each water body.

12 Nualgi Schematic Diagram

13 Ulsoor Lake, Bengaluru 100 acre lake raw untreated sewage enters the lake. It is being treated regularly about 8 kgs of Nualgi per week.

14 Oxygen - Diatom Algae vs Diffuser Aerators Diatoms are more economical and do not require any capital expenditure or power consumption

15 Trees vs Diatom Algae Growing Diatom Algae is similar to planting trees - but in WATER they too absorb carbon dioxide, release oxygen and thus clean sewage laden water-bodies, prevent fish kills and red tides in oceans.

16 Mississippi and Gulf of Mexico Mississippi Dead Zone Low oxygen water has spread across nearly 5,800 square miles of the Gulf of Mexico oxygen concentration (red and orange very low) Nutrient input the cause Nualgi can be used in Mississippi River and Gulf of Mexico to increase Diatom growth in the river and thereby reduce the nutrient level and increase oxygen level

17 Nualgi 1 kg pack for Aqua-farms, Sewage treatment, Lake remediation, Algae for Biodiesel, 200 ml bottle for Aquariums and 100 gram foliar spray pack for Agriculture and Horticulture.

18 Nualgi Thank you M V Bhaskar Kadambari Consultants Pvt Ltd Hyderabad. Bhaskarmv.64@gmail.com