SYSTEM AND TRANSBOUNDARY

Transcription

1 13 TH SESSION OF THE WORKING GROUP ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, MAY 2010, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT SYSTEM AND TRANSBOUNDARY CONTEXT OF MONGOLIA Dr. D. DORJSUREN, Secretary General, National Water Committee, Ministry Nature, Environment and Tourism (MNET), Mongolia

2 MONGOLIA IN GLANCE Area: 1,565,000 sq. km Population: 2,700, Capital: Ulaanbaatar (population: 1000,000) Religion: Buddhist, Muslim Life Expectancy: 61 years GDP per capita: $1825 (2009) Location: Landlocked between the Russian Federation and the People s Republic of China. Life style: Nomadic civilization up to now in the classic form but more than a half of its population live in cities. One third of the total population is overcrowded in the capital city Ulaanbaatar.

3

4 EIA SYSTEM IN MONGOLIA During , 1994 ADB sponsored a Technical Assistance Project- EIA capacity building project and commenced EIA system in Mongolia. In 1998 approved first EIA Law by the Parliament Mongolia. On the based this law, conducted more than 10 special guidelines relating EIA system by MNE experts. In 2002, has approved new amendments to the EIA Law and improved legal system of EIA.

5 EIA SYSTEM IN MONGOLIA EIA STAGES GENERAL EIA (Screening Process) Ministry i of Nature and Environment and Local Government Office must to complete screening DETAILED EIA ( EIA and EIS ) Authorized (or licensed ) Environmental Consulting Companies must to complete EIA for the Proposed Projects

6 GENERAL EIA GENERAL EIA (screening) DECISION TYPE REJECT PROJECT APPROVE PROJECT WITHOUT EIA REQUERE DETAILED EIA

7 STEPS FOR EIA Project Proposal Submission i by Project Proponent Screening of MNE Reject Project, General EIA with some condition and detailed EIA required Detailed EIA by Consulting company authorized by MNE Review by MNE Decision Implementing Control by Inspectors

8 EIA FRAMEWORK Framework of EIA Completion Environmental Baseline Information Project Alternatives Environmental Impact Predictions Impact Assessment and Mitigation measures Risk Assessment Environmental Protection (management) Plan Environmental Monitoring Program Relating Appendixes Public opinion i of local l residents and admin. units Other Relevant Informations

9 EIA PROCEDURE DEVELOPMENT Main priorities: Improvement EIA (amend SEA issues ) law and Regulations Improve EIA quality control system EIA Methodology improvement and Standard d (specially, Transboundary Impacts) Public participation procedure

10 TRANSBOUNDARY EIA ISSUES AND MONGOLIA

11 TRANSBOUNDARY ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS Desertification and land degradation Deforestation ti relating transboundary fire Pollution of Transboundary Rivers Yellow Sand Storms Cumulative impacts of mining and other industries locating in the border zones Transboundary transport of coal, oil and other mineral production Migrotary species: Birds, gazelle,wild camel

12 MINERAL RESOURCE EXPLORATION GROWTH

13 LAND DEGRADATION MINING is one of the rapidly growing g and leading industry branches in Mongolia that cause substantial land and soil destruction. Land degradation brings substantial impacts on agricultural production, especially crop yield and animal production.

14 DESERTIFICATION More than 40% of the territory are arid and desertedd 70% degraded at certain rate 90 % of the total territory are 90 % of the total territory are subject to desertification.

15 DEFORESTATION The current total forested area in Mongolia is 13 million hectares equal to 8.1 percent of the total land. Some 1.0 million ha. of forest have been lost between 1974 and 2006 due to fire (some of them Transboundary character), overgrazing, mining activities, improper as well as illegal logging.

16 WATER POLLUTION AND TRANSBOUNDARY RIVER Most of Rivers flows to the out side of border to Russia and China (Selenge river to Baikal Lake, Kherulen River to the Dalai Lake China or they are transboundary )

17 PLACER MINES IN THE TUUL RIVER BASIN

18 Main causes of River Pollution Panning in the Tuul River Red muddy water released by Ninjas

19 YELLOW DUST STORM OF GOBI

20

21 TRANSBOUNDARY EIA DEVELOPMENT IN NORTH EAST ASIA Mongolia, China and Korea involvement ESPOO convention Or develop some North East Asian Convention or Commission on Transboundary EIA Review of Adequacy of Environmental Information of NEA Countries Develop EIA for Projects Yellow Dust Storm and Transboundary Water Control System Environmental Quality Standard Selection Announcement System of Transboundary Impacts to the Neighboring Country Appointment of Leading organization and location of Transboundary EIA in NE ASIA

22 Thank you for your attention Welcome to country of Nomadic Welcome to country of Nomadic Legends-Mongolia