H-DisNet Innovative technology for district energy networks

Transcription

1 H-DisNet Innovative technology for district energy networks Prof. Dr. Philipp Geyer Innovation Workshop 16 November 2018, Berlin Adlershof Science City, Germany, Grant No

2 Thermo-chemical processes in a network Desorption on supply-side Absorption on demand-side Desorber Concentrated TCF Diluted TCF 0.75 t 1 t Concentrated TCF 0.75 t Transport and storage in the network Vapor 0.25 t Absorber Vapor 0.25 t Diluted TCF 1 t Released heat 170 kwh/t TCF Space heating Space cooling Humidity control Industrial drying TCF = Thermo-chemical fluid 2

3 Challenges for district heating Low-temperature excess heat losses (25 to 60 C) Decreasing heat demand Distant excess heat sources Time shift between demand and supply High return flow temperatures Available excess heat (kwh) Data source: Enova Heat Roadmap Europe, Peta 4.2 Heat Roadmap Europe, Peta 4.2 Sabihuddin et al Gadd and Werner 2014 Utilizing low-temperature excess heat Increasing demand density Long-distance transport (50 km and more) Mid-term time shift (storage) Lowering return flow temperatures 3

4 Utilizing low-temperature excess heat (25 to 60 C) Available excess heat (kwh) Data source: Enova

5 EU energy efficiency directive (DIRECTIVE 2012/27/EU) efficient district heating and cooling means a district heating or cooling system using at least 50 % renewable energy, 50 % waste heat, 75 % cogenerated heat or 50 % of a combination of such energy and heat; New electricity generation installations and existing installations [ ] with highefficiency cogeneration units to recover waste heat [ ]. This waste heat could then be transported where it is needed through district heating networks. Member States shall ensure that any available support for cogeneration is subject to the electricity produced originating from high-efficiency cogeneration and the waste heat being effectively used to achieve primary energy savings. 5

6 Regeneration with excess heat Excess Heat Source (Factory) Low-temperature excess heat ( C) Diluted TCF Desorber Environment Concentrated TCF

7 Low-temperature excess heat utilization network Excess heat at very low temperatures 7

8 Increasing demand density by additional services Heat Roadmap Europe, Peta 4.2 8

9 EU energy performance of building directive (EPBD) (DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU) Member States shall ensure that: (a) by 31 December 2020, all new buildings are nearly zero- energy buildings; and (b) after 31 December 2018, new buildings occupied and owned by public authorities are nearly zero-energy buildings. Richard Pedranti Architect 9

10 Heat demand density 2050 Heat demand densiity in TJ/km²a Better access to heat demand by new technology Today 2050 (HRE-EE) Today 2050 (HRE-EE) Conventional DH Thermo-chemical 2050:40% Today: 25% Heat demand in EJ/a Data source: Future scenario Heat Roadmap Europe Energy Efficiency (HRE-EE), Connolly et al. (2014) 10

11 Multi-service thermo-chemical network Industrial drying Excess heat at very low temperatures Humidity control Space heating and cooling with humidity control Air quality/comfort 11

12 Adding new demand: Industrial drying Absorption produces dry air Usable directly for drying Reduction of primary energy consumption Humidity control by stabilization function of TCF Drying goods Absorber 12

13 Adding new demand: Cooling with humidity control Evaporator Hot outside air Concentrated TCF Absorber Diluted TCF Heat pump 13

14 Heating demand: Heating/humidity control with recovery Heating demand External humid air sources (Humid air solar collector) Bombay Sapphire Distillery Internal sources: Heat recovery (sensible/latent) Concentrated TCF Absorber Heating and humidity control Heat pump Diluted TCF

15 Modelica Simulation of the H-DisNet heating system TCF heating system model TCF_Water HE TCF Tank 0.5 m3 Absorber Network_ in Humid Air Building Network _out Heat pump heating system model Heat pump Air_Air HE Water storage 0.5 m3 Air_Water HE Fresh air 15

16 Simulation results 16

17 Simulation results of Integrated heating space Supplied heat to the 3 building clusters of both system Cluster No. of volume Buildings m3 Heat demand (MWh) Specific_Heat_ Demand (kwh/m2.a)

18 Demonstrators Switzerland: Humidity control Germany: Space Heating Space Cooling Humidity control UK: Drying, Smart Grid Integration 18

19 Long-distance transport (50 km and more) Heat Roadmap Europe, Peta

20 Loss-free long-distance transport Loss-free long-distance transport 20

21 Olen Ship transport about 50 km Hasselt 21

22 Case study Hasselt 22

23 Results from Case Hasselt for Long Distance Transport For Conventional (water-based) District Heating: To maintain a Distribution Network Inlet Temperature of 70 C, losses represent 7% of transported heat potential (80-mm ins.) Critical Distance (supply to demand): 21.5 km Critical Distance vs. Network Inlet Temp. (for insulation thickness = 80 mm) Critical Distance vs. Insulation Thickness (for Inlet Temp=70 C) Distance (km) Distance (km) Network Inlet Temperature ( C) Insulation Thickness (mm) 23

24 Olen Ship transport about 50 km 20 km Hasselt 24

25 Economic comparison for Case Study Hasselt Annualized Project Cost (M /a) Millions Heating Technologies Annualized Costs for Hasselt Case vs Hypothetical Location of Hasselt in Other Countries Commodity Price (c /kwh) H-DisNet Conv. DH Conventional Boiler HP Electricity Price NG Price Data for Commodity Prices obtained from European Comission, EUROSTAT Data Statistics 25

26 Mid-term time shift (storage) Sabihuddin et al

27 Fluctuating demand over an operating production factory MW Demand Supply Fr Sa So Mo Di Mi Do Fr Sa So Mo Di Mi Do Fr Sa So Mo Di Mi Do Weekday 27

28 Thermo-Chemical Network Loss-free Medium-term storage 28

29 Lowering return flow temperatures Gadd and Werner

30 Return flow exploitation Return flow heat ( C) Diluted TCF Desorber Return flow regeneration Concentrated TCF Humidity control Air quality/comfort Gadd and Werner 2014 Space heating and cooling with humidity control 30

31 Patent exploitation of return flow for efficiency Thermochemical (TC) Network Thermal Network Patent EP B1: System for transport, storage and use of thermal and thermo-chemical energy potentials

32 Thermo-Chemical Network Industrial drying Excess heat at very low temperatures Loss-free long-distance transport Return flow regeneration Loss-free Medium-term storage Humidity control Space heating and cooling with humidity control Air quality/comfort 32