Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited

Transcription

1 Environmental Impact Assessment Report for 45,000 KLPY Anhydrous (Absolute) Alcohol Manufacturing Plant at Kurkumbh MIDC Project Proponent Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited Nirman Vyapar Kendra, Plot No. 10, Sector 17, Vashi, Navi-Mumbai Environmental Consultant Environmental Consultancy and Laboratory NABET Accredited EIA Consulting Organization NABET/EIA/1417/RA010 Saudamini Commercial Complex, 2nd Floor, Building C3, Right Bhusari Colony, Paud Road, Kothrud, Pune

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3 122nd Meeting of State Level Expert Appraisal Committee - 1 held on 24th, 25 th & 26th Feb, 2016 The 122nd Meeting of State Level Expert Appraisal Committee - 1 held on 24 th, 25 th & 26th February, 2016 at Parishad Sabhagraha, Hall no. 2 & 3, 7th Floor, Main Building, Mantralaya, Mumbai The following members were present for the Committee meeting: ^ Ath, Shri. T. C. Benjamin Chairman 24 25th & 26th Feb Prof. (Dr.) Bhaskar N. Thorat Member 24th Feb Shri. Chandrakantl. Sambutwad Member 24th, 25th &.--th zo Feb Prof. (Dr.) Ramesh Dod Member 24th, 25th & 26th Feb Shri. D A Hiremath Member 25th & es-4h zo Feb Shri. Madan M. Kulkarni Member 24th Feb Shri. Balbir H. Sehgal Member 24th, 25th & 26th Feb Shri. S. N. Bagul Member Secretary 24th, 25th & zo - -th Feb At the outset, the Chairman welcomed all Members present to the meeting. Thereafter the items were taken up for discussion. Table Item no. 1 Confirmation of minutes of 121st meeting The minutes of the 121st SEAC-I meeting were confirmed unanimously. The Committee requested Member Secretary, SEAC-1 to send violation cases to the Environment Deptt., GoM by and also issue show cause notices in the cases where there has been delayer beyond prescribed period by (Refer Table Item no. 1) Table Item 2 Site visit report on Kanjur Processing site in Mumbai The Committee went through the site visit report. The observations made may be discussed at the time of taking up the item on the agenda. Member Secretary Page 1 of 78 Chairman

4 122'1 Meeting of State Level Expert Appraisal Committee - 1 held on 24th, 25 th & 26th Feb, 2016 The PP gave a detailed presentation to augment capacity of 4x 125 MT cylindrical bullets + lx650 MT spherical bullets by the proposed addition of3x300 MT mounded storage vessel to achieve a capacity of 2050 MT of LPG in their existing premises at Additional MIDC, Jalgaon. The Committee went through the presentation of E1A Report and made the following observations: 1. PP shall adopt a Zero Liquid Discharge Process. 2. An STP of 25 CMD shall be established for treatment of domestic waste water. 3. Total water required will be 4800 Kl. 4. ETP of capacity 25 CMD shall be established for the treatment of effluents from the paint shop. 5. Sludge will be transported to CHWTSDF, Ranjangaon. 6. Extra gate shall be provided on the eastern side of outer boundary wall of the plant. 7. DG set shall have a stack height of 6m above the roof level. 8. PP shall take necessary steps to illuminate the entire premises using solar energy. 9. CSR activity shall include skill development in the nearby villages. After detailed discussion of all aspects of environmental impact, the Committee decided to recommend the project for EC subject to the observations 1-9 above. Mis. Alkyl Amines Chemicals Ltd. (ToR) KLPY anhydrous (absolute) alcohol manufacturing plant at plot no D 6/1, D 6/2, Kurkumbh MIDC, Daund, District-Pune. The Project was considered under 5(0-B1 category of the Schedule of the EIA Notification, The PP gave a detailed presentation to expand capacity of existing industrial unit by producing anhydrous (Ethanol) alcohol by molecular sieves. The Committee considered the proposal for approval of ToR. The PP contended that the process will not consume any extra water and will not generate any effluents. Considering the hazardous nature of raw materials and products, a separate chapter on Risk Assessment and Risk Mitigation shall be a part of EIA Report. For the EIA report the prescriptions of Model ToR by MoEF published in Notification dated April, 2015 shall be adopted. After detailed discussion, the Committee decided to approve ToR for preparation of EIA Report in the lines prescribed above. Member Secretary Page 34 of 78 Chairm n

5 ToR Compliance Table Sr. No. ToR Point Compliance 1 Executive Summary Incorporated in EIA report 2 Introduction 2.i Details of the EIA Consultant including Presented in Chapter 11 Disclosure of NABET accreditation consultants 2.ii Information about the project proponent Presented in Chapter Introduction of Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited 2.iii Importance and benefits of the project Presented in Chapter Introduction of Anhydrous Alcohol Manufacturing Project 3 Project Description 3.i Cost of project and time of completion Presented in Chapter Project Schedule and Cost Estimates 3.ii Products with capacities for the proposed project Chapter Description of Proposed Ethanol Production 3.iii If expansion project, details of existing Presented in Chapter Description of Alkyl products with capacities and whether Amines Chemicals Limited at Kurkumbh adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier EC if any 3.iv List of raw materials required and their Presented in Chapter 2.4 Details of raw source along with mode of transportation material 3.v Other chemicals and materials required Presented in Chapter 2.4 Details of raw with quantities and storage capacities material 3.vi Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous Presented in Chapter 5 (Environmental waste generation and their management Impacts) and 6 (Environmental Management Plan) 3.vii Requirement of water, power, with source of supply, status of approval, Presented in Chapter 2.6 Project Planning water balance diagram, man-power

6 requirement (regular and contract) 3.viii Process description along with major equipments and machineries, process flow sheet (quantative) from raw material to products to be provided 3.ix Hazard identification and details of proposed safety systems 3.x Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s) including Amendments thereto obtained for the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing Iexisting operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA-EMP report. 4 Site Details 4.i Location of the project site covering village, Taluka/Tehsil, District and State, Justification for selecting the site, whether other sites were considered. 4.ii A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site location on Presented in Chapter 2.3 Details of manufacturing process Presented in Chapter 7 Risk Assessment Attached as Annexure I to EIA report. Presented in Table 1.1 Presented in Figure 1.3

7 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places) 4.iii Details w.r.t. option analysis for selection of site 4.iv Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of the site 4.v Google map-earth downloaded of the project site 4.vi Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit indicating storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area/ Estate/ Complex, layout of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/estate. 4.vii Photographs of the proposed and existing (if applicable) plant site. If existing, show photographs of plantation/greenbelt, in particular 4.viii Landuse break-up of total land of the project site (identified and acquired), government/ private - agricultural, forest, wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc shall be included. (not required for industrial area) 4.ix A list of major industries with name and type within study area (10km radius) shall be incorporated. Land use details of the study area Not applicable expansion within existing plant Presented in Table 1.1 Presented in Figure 1.2 Presented in Figure 2.1 Presented in Figure 1.4 Not applicable expansion within existing plant Project site is located within MIDC, surrounded by number of industries. Details presented in Table 1.2

8 4.x Geological features and Geohydrological status of the study area shall be included 4.xi Details of Drainage of the project up to 5km radius of study area. If the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects) 4.xii Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage of the acquisition process and expected time of complete possession of the land 4.xiii R&R details in respect of land in line with state Government policy 5 Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable) 6 Environmental Status 6.i Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and site-specific micrometeorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall 6.ii AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO and other parameters relevant to the Presented in Chapter 4.3 Geology and Chapter Hydrology Presented in Chapter 4.3 Geology and Chapter Hydrology Not applicable expansion is proposed within existing plant in MIDC Not applicable expansion is proposed within existing plant in MIDC No wildlife sanctuary or national park is present within study area Presented in Chapter Meteorology Presented in Chapter 4.8 Ambient Air Quality and Table 4.3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations Details, Table 4.4:

9 project shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines Summary of Ambient Air Quality in Study Area and take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests. 6.iii Raw data of all AAQ measurement for Laboratory monitoring reports are attached as 12 weeks of all stations as per frequency Annexure V. given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov along with - min., max., average and 98% values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report 6.iv Surface water quality of nearby River Presented in Chapter 4.10 Water (100m upstream and downstream of discharge point) and other surface drains Environment and Table 4.6 Surface water quality. Laboratory monitoring results are at eight locations as per CPCB attached as Annexure VII. /MoEF&CC guidelines 6.v Whether the site falls near to polluted Not applicable. stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC, if yes give details 6.vi Ground water monitoring at minimum at Presented in Chapter 4.10 Water 8 locations shall be included Environment and Table 4.7 Groundwater quality. Laboratory monitoring results are attached as Annexure VII. 6.vii Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the study area Presented in Chapter 4.9 Noise Levels and Table 4.6. Laboratory monitoring results are attached as Annexure VI. 6.viii Soil Characteristic as per CPCB Presented in Chapter 4.6 Noise Levels and

10 guidelines Table 4.2. Laboratory monitoring results are attached as Annexure VI. 6.ix Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, frequency of vehicles for transportation of materials, additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc Presented in Chapter 9 Additional Studies: Traffic Survey 6.x Detailed description of flora and fauna Presented in Chapter 4.11 Ecology and Table (terrestrial and aquatic) existing in the 4.8: List of Dominant Flora Observed in Study study area shall be given with special Area, Table 4.9: List of Dominant Fauna reference to rare, endemic and Recorded in Study Area. No Schedule I fauna endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna was observed during survey. are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished. 6.xi Socio-economic status of the study area Presented in Chapter 4.12 Socioeconomic profile of study area 7 Impact and Environment Management Plan 7.i Assessment of ground level Presented in Chapter 5.1 Air quality concentration of pollutants from the stack modeling emission based on site-specific meteorological features. In case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modelling shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation)

11 on the AAQ of the area shall be assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modelling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any 7.ii Water Quality modelling - in case of Not applicable discharge in water body 7.iii Impact of the transport of the raw Presented in Chapter 9 Additional Studies: materials and end products on the Traffic Survey. Detailed traffic studies surrounding environment hall be assessed attached as Annexure IX. and provided. In this regard, options for transport of raw materials and finished products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road transport or conveyor cum-rail transport shall be examined. 7.iv A note on treatment of wastewater from different plant operations, extent recycled and reused for different purposes shall be included. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated Presented in Chapter 6.4 Effluent Treatment Scheme. Details of ETP. and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E(P) Rules 7.v Details of stack emission and action plan Presented in Chapter 5.1 Impacts on air for control of emissions to meet environment standards 7.vi Measures for fugitive emission control Presented in Chapter 6.1 Management plan

12 for air environment 7.vii Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization and management. Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid and hazardous waste in cement plant shall also be included. EMP shall include the concept of wasteminimization, recycle /reuse /recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation 7.viii Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, A detailed plan of action shall be provided 7.ix Action plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % area i.e. land with not less than 1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species, width of plantation, planning schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated 7.x Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be submitted to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water and also to use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the Presented in Chapter 5.4 Hazardous waste generation. Copy of membership certificate with CHWTSDF is attached as Annexure VIII. Not applicable for expansion project. Presented in Chapter 6.6 Greenbelt Development Not applicable for expansion project.

13 water requirement from other sources 7.xi Total capital cost and recurring Presented in Chapter 6.8 Budget for cost/annum for environmental pollution Environmental Management control measures shall be included 7.xii Action plan for post-project Presented in Chapter 7 Monitoring Program environmental monitoring shall be submitted 7.xiii Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Presented in Chapter 9 Risk Analysis and Man-made) Preparedness and Emergency DMP Management Plan including Risk Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan 8 Occupational health 8.i Plan and fund allocation to ensure the Presented in Chapter 6.7 Occupational occupational health & safety of all Health and Safety contract and casual workers 8.ii Details of exposure specific health status Presented in Chapter 9 Risk Analysis. evaluation of worker. If the workers' Detailed QRA report attached as Annexure X. health is being evaluated by pre designed format, chest x rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise. 8.iii Details of existing Occupational & Presented in Chapter 9 Risk Analysis

14 Safety Hazards. What are the exposure levels of hazards and whether they are within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved 8.iv Annual report of heath status of workers with special reference to Occupational Health and Safety 9 Corporate Environment Policy 9.i Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report 9.ii Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms /conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA 9.iii What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given. 9.iv Does the company have system of reporting of non compliances / violations Attached as Annexure XI Attached as Annexure XII Attached as Annexure XII Presented in Chapter 7 Environment Monitoring Hierarchy. Attached as Annexure XII

15 of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report 10 Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided to the labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operation phase. 11 Adequate funds (at least 2.5 % of the project cost) shall be earmarked towards the Enterprise Social Commitment based on Public Hearing issues and item-wise details along with time bound action plan shall be included. Socio-economic development activities need to be elaborated upon 12 Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/atr to the notice(s) and present status of the case Presented in Chapter 6.7 Occupational Health and Safety CSR Report attached as Annexure XIII. Not applicable

16 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION Introduction of Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited Introduction of Anhydrous Alcohol Manufacturing Project Environment Clearance Chronology of Kurkumbh Plant Overview of Environmental Settings around AACL Kurkumbh Plant Need for EIA Study Methodology Adopted for EIA Study Structure of EIA Report PROJECT DESCRIPTION General Description of Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited at Kurkumbh MIDC Description of Proposed Ethanol Production Details of Manufacturing Process Details of Molecular Sieves Details of Raw Materials Required Resource Requirement and Other Specifications Project Planning Manpower and Occupational Health Safety Proposed Infrastructure R&R Plan Project Schedule and Cost Estimates COMPLIANCE OF EARLIER ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE DESCRIPTION OF THE BASELINE ENVIRONMENT Introduction Details of Study area Topography Hydrogeology Land Use/Land Classification (LULC) Satellite Image Analysis LULC Details Soil Meteorology Ambient Air Quality Noise Levels Water Environment Ecology Socio-economy IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

17 5.1. Impact on Air Environment Air Quality Modeling Impact on Water Environment Impacts on Noise Levels Waste Generation Impacts on Ecology Impacts of Socioeconomic Environment ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN Purpose of Environmental Management Plan Air Environment Water Environment Effluent Treatment Scheme Noise Environment Greenbelt Development Occupational Health and Safety Budget for Environmental Management ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES Introduction Project Requirement Alternatives No Project Scenario Site Selection Technology Alternatives ADDITIONAL STUDIES Traffic analysis Risk and HAZOP CONSULTANTS ENGAGED M/s Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory:

18 INTRODUCTION 1.1. Introduction of Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited Alkyl Amines Chemicals Ltd (AACL) is a public Limited Listed Company promoted in The Company is in the business of manufacturing and marketing various aliphatic amines, amine derivatives and other specialty chemicals for the last 35 years. AACL has two manufacturing sites with 9 production plants and related utilities at Patalganga and Kurkumbh in Maharashtra. The company has an R&D centre at Hadapsar, Pune. Over the last decade, the company had added various new product processes which were developed in the R&D to expand its product range through in-house technology. The first plant was commissioned in 1982 at Patalganga to make ethylamines with technology from Leonard Process Company, USA. Subsequently, the capacity at the site was expanded to manufacture other amines with technical know-how of Acid Amines Technologies, USA, and now hosts 2 multipurpose amines plants with a capacity MT/annum. In 1995 AACL started on its Kurkumbh complex where various amines and amine derivatives are currently being manufactured in 7 production plants with a capacity exceeding MT/annum. In the last decade, the company has added various facilities to manufacture a wide range of speciality chemicals with its inhouse developed technologies. AACL is a global supplier of amines and amine-based chemicals to the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, rubber chemical and water treatment industries, among others. It has established a leading position in the domestic market and presence in the international market with a reputation for reliable service and quality products with annual sales of Rupees 400 Crores Introduction of Anhydrous Alcohol Manufacturing Project Ethanol is the commonly used word to describe alcohol or specifically ethyl alcohol with a purity of more than 99 % and a moisture content of less than 0.4 %. The government of India has been following a policy of ethanol blending in petrol for the past several years. This is with the purpose of achieving multiple targets - reducing the dependency on imported crude for producing petrol and shifting to a green source for energy being the major objectives. 3

19 The government had mandated the use of 5 % Ethanol in petrol for the past several years. In the second half of 2015 it announced that the blending rate would be enhanced to 10 % thus requiring a larger quantity of ethanol. It is estimated that the total requirement for the country would be in the range of 2300 ML/Annum. It is also reported that at present the availability of ethanol is only sufficient for 2 % blending. Proposed total capacity of 45,000 KL/Annum would easily be marketed to the oil companies for the purpose of blending in petrol. AACL intend to manufacture KLPY anhydrous alcohol at existing plant in Kurkumbh MIDC. Details of manufacturing system are described in Chapter Environment Clearance Chronology of Kurkumbh Plant The existing plant at Kurkumbh was commissioned during 1995 and undergone subsequent expansions thereon. Latest expansion was proposed in 2015 for which Environmental Clearance was obtained from Maharashtra State Expert Appraisal Committee, vide letter no.seac- 2014/CR-387/TC-2, dated 31 st March Copy of earlier clearance and compliance to its conditions is attached as Annexure I Overview of Environmental Settings around AACL Kurkumbh Plant The existing manufacturing unit of AACL is located at at Plot No. D- 6/1, D-6/2 Kurkumbh MIDC, Village Kurkumbh, Taluka Daund, Dist. Pune of Maharashtra. Map showing project location is presented in Figure 1.1. Geographical Co-ordinates of project site are latitude 18 24' 15.83" N and longitude 74 30' 30.27" E. Google image of project site and map showing 10 km radius of study area is shown in Figure 1.2and Figure 1.3, respectively. Kurkumbh is a well developed industrial area of the MIDC near Daund Town. The MIDC area, adjacent to the Kurkumbh village, is one of the 13 chemical industrial areas developed by MIDC. The Kurkumbh Industrial area is under the jurisdiction of Daund taluka (about 9 km) and under Dist. Pune (about 65 km). The area is surrounded by agriculture land. Kurkumbh area has well developed road and rail network, which is connected to Pune - Solapur National Highway 9 (on 1 km) and Central Railway (Daund Junction) on 9.8 km. No sanctuary, national park or ecologically sensitive area is situated within 10 km radius of Kurkumbh MIDC. 4

20 Figure 1.1: Location map of Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited at Kurkumbh MIDC A AACL Existing Plant B D Location of Proposed Alcohol Plant C Figure 1.2: Latest Google Earth Image of AACL Kurkumbh Plant 5

21 The study area is mainly comprised of industrial area and agriculture land. Major industries surrounding AACL plant in Kurkumbh MIDC are Cargill Foods India Limited, Cipla Limited, Hindustan Polyamides & Fiber Limited, Emcure Pharmaceutical Limited, Clean Science and Technology Private Limited etc. As the alcohol manufacturing unit is proposed within existing plant, no resettlement and rehabilitation are envisaged. Similarly no ecologically sensitive zones and geo-morphological features are present at the project site. The environment settings of the project site in Kurkumbh MIDC as defined in Annexure II of EIA manual published by MoEF are provided in Table 1.1.The environment settings within 10 km radius from Kurkumbh MIDC are provided in Table 1.2. The photographs of the proposed project site are depicted in Figure 1.4. Figure 1.3: Map Showing Study Area of 10 km Radius from Project Site 6

22 Table 1.1:Environmental Settings at Project Site in Kurkumbh MIDC S.No. Particular Details 1 Project Location Plot No. D- 6/1, D-6/2 Kurkumbh MIDC, Dist. Pune, Maharashtra 2 Site Coordinates (Refer Figure 1.2) A 18 24'16.33"N 74 30'27.96"E B 18 24'13.03"N 74 30'47.42"E C 18 24'0.50"N 74 30'42.88"E D 18 24'7.65"N 74 30'21.03"E 3 Railway Station None at project site 4 Airport None at the project site 5 Sea Port None at the project site 6 Village/Major Town None at the project site 7 Ecologically Sensitive Zones None at the project site 8 Historical/ Tourist Place As per Archeological Survey of India, no historical place is present at project site 9 Beach resorts None at project site 10 Coastal Areas rich in corals, mangroves, breeding ground of specific species None at project site 11 Biosphere reserves None at project site 12 Defense installations, specially those of security importance and sensitive to pollution 13 Water Bodies/ Reservoirs 14 Critically polluted areas as per MoEF notification None at project site None at project site None at project site 15 Seismic Zones Zone III as per as per IS1893 (Part1) : Corals, coral reefs and associated biodiversity None at project site 18 Sand dunes None at project site 7

23 S.No. Particular Details 19 Mud flats None at project site. 20 National parks, marine parks, sanctuaries, reserve forests, wild life habitats, biosphere reserves None at project site. 21 Salt marshes None at project site 22 Turtle nesting grounds None at project site 23 Horse shoe crab habitats None at project site 24 Sea grass beds None at project site 25 Nesting grounds of birds None at project site Note: Distances indicated based on aerial measurement Table 1.2: Environment Settings of the Study Area of 10 km from Project Site S. No. Particular Details 1 Toposheet No. 47J7 and 47J11 1 Climatic Conditions Based on IMD Pune (Annual) 30 years data Annual Mean Max Temp: 38 0 C (Summer) Annual Mean Min Temp:6 0 C (Winter) Annual Total Rainfall: mm Predominant Wind Direction: East - West 3 Nearest Roadway National Highway 9 (Pune to Machilipatanam) on 0.5 km South 4 Nearest Railway Station Daund Junction on Central Railway at 10.5 km North 5 Nearest Airport None within study area 6 Nearest Sea Port None within study area 7 Nearest Village/Major Town 8 Ecologically Sensitive Zones Daund Town on 10 km North None within study area 9 Historical/ Tourist Place None within study area 10 Beach resorts None within study area 8

24 S. No. Particular Details 11 Coastal Areas rich in corals, mangroves, breeding ground of specific species None within study area 12 Biosphere reserves None within study area 13 Defense installations, specially those of security importance and sensitive to pollution 14 Nearest Industries S. No. 15 Nearest Water Bodies/ Reservoirs 16 Critically polluted areas as per MoEF notification None within study area Name of Distance Type Industry km Direction 1 Godavari Paper and Paper Industry 0.2 West Pulp Ltd. 2 Reliance Industries Ltd. Chemical Unit 1.1 Northwest 3 Cipla Ltd. Pharmaceutical 0.3 East 4 Emcure Pharma Pharmaceutical 1.4 East 5 Glenmark Pharma Pharmaceutical 1.6 East Mastani Lake 5.6 km Northwest Patas Lake 7.7 km Northwest Warwand Dam 12 km West Shirsuphal Dam 10.6 km Southeast Bhima River 9.2 km North None within study area. 17 Seismic Zones Zone III as per as per IS1893 (Part1) : 2002 Note: Distances indicated based on aerial measurement 9

25 Figure 1.4: Photographs of Existing Plant Existing Manufacturing Units at AACL Kurkumbh Plant Greenbelt Development Plant Premises Occupational Health Center 1.5. Need for EIA Study As per EIA Notification dated 14 th September, 2006 and its amendments thereon, proposed Alcohol manufacturing activity falls under schedule 5 (f) Synthetic Organic Chemicals Industry 10

26 and hence need to obtain prior Environmental Clearance before development. Since the proposed development is located within notified industrial area it will be appraised by Maharashtra State Expert Appraisal Committee (Category B). The proposal was presented in 122 nd meeting of Maharashtra State Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC I) dated 24 th February 2016 to obtain Terms of References (ToR). EIA report was prepared in conformance with standard ToR issued by MoEF& CC during April 2015 and additional ToR issued by SEAC Methodology Adopted for EIA Study Detailed review of the feasibility report for the proposed project has been carried out. Ten km radius of study area was marked using latitudes and longitudes of the project site. For all major environmental components, primary data was generated and compared with available historical/published information for assessment of various environmental components to develop Environmental Management Plan (EMP). Land use pattern was mapped within 10 km radius from the projectsite using remote sensing maps followed by ground truth verification. Baseline monitoring program was undertaken during summer season(march to May, 2016) to establish the background air quality, ground and surface water qualities, soil quality, noise levels in the study area. Site specific meteorological data was collected during study period from the weather station installed at project site. Ecology and biodiversity studies were carried out for terrestrial components of the study area. Field Survey was undertaken to develop socio-economic profile of the study area and was compared with published census data to develop socio-economic profile of the study area. A detailed review on the possible environmental pollutants was undertaken. Impact Assessment of various environmental components have been carried out using standard EIA tools and techniques with appropriate input of primary and secondary baseline data to determine the significance of the impact. Various activities those are envisaged during construction and operation phases of the proposed project were evaluated for its significance. Based on the impact, suitable EMP was developed to mitigate the pollution. Separate risk assessment study, emergency response plan and disaster management plan were also prepared for the proposed project. 11

27 1.7. Structure of EIA Report The present EIA Study Report is organized into eleven sections and all relevant aspects as per MoEF guidelines and EIA Notification 2006 and its subsequent amendments thereon, has been addressed in this report. Chapter 1describes the details about the Introduction, project back-ground, justification of project site and EIA methodology adopted for undertaking EIA studies. Chapter 2 presents project description along with utilities and supporting infrastructure facilities and transportation of materials to be handled. Chapter 3 describes about compliance of existing environmental clearance Chapter 4 describes about the existing baseline environmental conditions of the study area. Various environmental components such as air quality, water quality, noise levels, meteorological data, ecological and biological aspects and socioeconomic details have been presented. This information has been used for predicting the cumulative (positive and negative) environmental impact arising during the construction and operational phases of the proposed activities. Chapter 5 of the report discusses about the residual environment impact during construction and operation of the facility. Environmental Impact Assessment was made using, mathematical model taking in to account of baseline parameters. Potential environmental impacts have been assessed to establish the need for any additional risk mitigation measures if required. Chapter 6 describes about environmental management plan to mitigate impacts on environment. Chapter 7 describes the proposed Environment Monitoring Program to be implemented during construction and operation stages of the proposed project. It also describes post project monitoring plan to be conducted under various stages and reporting procedures. Chapter 8 presents the alternate sites and technologies considered and the justification for selecting the proposed project sites. Chapter 9 presents the additional studies conducted such as Traffic Study, QRA and HAZOP Chapter 10 depicts the Disclosure of consultants engaged 12

28 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1. General Description of Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited at Kurkumbh MIDC Alkyl Amines Chemicals Limited is a global supplier of amines and amine-based chemicals to the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, rubber chemical & water treatment industries. AACL operates existing chemical manufacturing facility with 67,000 MT/ Annum at Plot nos. D 6 / 1 and D 6 / 2, MIDC, Kurkumbh, Taluka Daund, District Pune, Maharashtra. AACL manufacture Specialty Intermediates (Acetonitrile), Aliphatic Amine Hydrochloride, Sodium Acetate Solution, Spent Caustic Lye (Byproduct) at Kurkumbh. AACL received environmental clearance for existing production capacity from Maharashtra SEIAA vide letter no. SEAC-2014/CR-387/TC-2 dated 31 st March Description of Proposed Ethanol Production AACL is desirous to expand the capacity of the existing industrial unit producing anhydrous alcohol (Ethanol) by Molecular Sieves method. The proposed product size will be 45,000 KL/Annum. Proposed expansion will be confined within existing manufacturing unit and no additional land will be procured. Ethanol is the commonly used word to describe alcohol or specifically ethyl alcohol with a purity of more than 99 % and a moisture content of less than 0.4 %. The government of India has been following a policy of ethanol blending in petrol for the past several years. This is with the purpose of achieving multiple targets - reducing the dependency on imported crude for producing petrol and shifting to a green source for energy being the major objectives. The government had mandated the use of 5 % Ethanol in petrol for the past several years. In the second half of 2015 it announced that the blending rate would be enhanced to 10 % thus requiring a larger quantity of ethanol. It is estimated that the total requirement for the country would be in the range of 2300 ML/Annum. It is also reported that at present the availability of ethanol is only sufficient for 2 % blending. Proposed total capacity of 45,000 KL/Annum would easily be marketed to the oil companies for the purpose of blending in petrol. 13

29 2.3. Details of Manufacturing Process Anhydrous (Absolute) alcohol is an important product required by industry. As per IS Specification it is nearly 100% pure/water free alcohol. Alcohol as manufactured by Indian distilleries is rectified spirit, which is % alcohol and rest is water. It is not possible to remove remaining water from rectified spirit by straight distillation as ethyl alcohol forms a constant boiling mixture with water at this concentration and is known as an azeotrope. Therefore, a special process for removal of water is required for manufacture of anhydrous alcohol. MSDS of anhydrous alcohol is attached as Annexure II. In order to extract water from alcohol it is necessary to use some dehydrant or entrainer, which is capable of separating, water from alcohol. A Simple dehydrant is unslaked lime. Industrial alcohol is taken in a reactor and quick lime is added to that and the mixture is left over night for complete reaction. It is then distilled in fractionating column to get anhydrous alcohol. Water is retained by quick lime. This process is used for small-scale production of anhydrous alcohol by batch process Details of Molecular Sieves AACL propose to use Moleular Sieve method for the dehydration. Molecular sieves are synthetic adsorbents and for vapour phase ethanol dehydration the sieve developed is metal aluminosilcates with effective pore size opening 3 angstrom (3x10-8cm). Molecular sieves of type 3A has chemical formula (K 2 O, Na 2 O). Al 2 O 3. SiO 2. XH 2 O During dehydration of ethanol, the water of hydrolysis fills the cavities or pores in the molecular sieves. The potassium form of molecular sieves has pore size of 3 angstrom. The diameter of water molecule is 2.8 angstrom and the diameter of ethanol molecule is 4.4 angstrom. The water vapour molecules are having strong dipoles and elastic. They are drawn into the pores and condensed at the wall of the pores, Ethanol vapour bigger in size passes through the bed without getting in to the pores of the molecular sieves. Water strongly attracted to molecular sieves of 3-angstrom type that for each kilogram adsorbed, 990 Kcal of heat released. This effect is referred as the heat of adsorption.when we remove that same kilogram of water during regeneration, we must supply 990 Kcal of heat- This effect 14

30 referred as the heat of desorption.3a type molecular sieves is capable of adsorbing up to 22% of its weight in water. Salient features of the molecular sieve adsorption process are as follows. Steam consumption of 0.5 to 0.6 kg/l of rectified spirit It is possible to use exhaust steam-1.5 Kg/cm2 gm (90%) and medium pressure steam kg/ cm 2 gm (10%) Spirit (94-96% v/v) from the feed tank is pumped to a feed pre-heater to evaporation (regeneration) column in evaporation column liquid phase converted in to vapour phase by application of steam through reboiler at the bottom of the column. The top vapour of the column fed to the superheater. The vapours are super heated by applying steam - the vapour temperature approx. 140 C 150 C. Superheated spirit vapour from feed super heater is passed to one of the pair of molecular sieve beds for several minutes while passing through the molecular sieve bed, water is absorbed and absolute alcohol vapour at % v/v is removed, which is then condensed and cooled in cooler and sent to respective receivers and storage tank. During the adsorption cycle of approx. 8 10minutes, the bed undergoes a temperature rise due to heat adsorption (990 Kcal/Kg water adsorbed). When the bed reaches the saturation factor, itis regenerated by vacuum application on the loaded bed and water plus ethanol mixture at 135 C proof boils and releases the heat of adsorption and the bed temperature is reduced again. A moderate vacuum is applied by vacuum pump operating after condensation of the regenerated ethanol water mixture. This condensate is transferred from recycle drum to the evaporation column by recycle pump to the regeneration preheater. The life of molecular sieve may be around five to seven years. However, the operating cost is considerably less than azeotropic distillation. 15

31 Figure 2.1: Process Flow Chart of Alcohol manufacturing using Molecular Sieves 16

32 2.4. Details of Raw Materials Required # Name Number of Storage s Maximum Quantity of storage at any point of time 1 Specially Denatured Spirit (SDS) 6 Tanks KL 2 Molecular sieve 3A - Filled in adsorber 2.5. Resource Requirement and Other Specifications Requirement of energy and fuel are shown in Table 2.1 below. Details of Fuel to be used Type:- Imported Coal Source:- Indonesia, Transportation: - Through dumpers from Port. Consumption (quantity /hr) of fuel used:- 180 Mt/Day Energy No additional requirement for proposed expansion. Existing Total power requirement Connected load 3807 KW Maximum Demand 2500 KVA Source : MSEDCL ( 33 KV express Feeder) Proposed Loads Connected KW Consumed KW Cooling water recirculation rate 200 m 3 /hr for Molecular Sieve plant 30 C maximum and 4 kg/cm 2 (g) pressure at cooling water header, Δ T=6 C. Steam requirement at full capacity operation is 5 kg/cm 2 (g) pressure in steam header. Electricity will Be 440 V, 3 ph, 50 Hz, AC Electric supply. The power requirement will be for Molecular sieve plant and cooling tower, which excludes utilities like boiler. Approx 250 kwh/h is required. 17

33 The following are the design standards used for the equipment for design. Pressure Vessels and distillation columns as per ASME Storage tanks as per API Heat Exchangers as per TEMA Piping and valve as per DIN/JIS 2.6. Project Planning The proposed manufacturing facility will be located within existing plant area of ha. Project layout is shown in Figure 2. Existing boiler capacity is adequate to cater need of proposed products. No additional stack is proposed. Waste water generated from new process will be recycled and utilized for process, boiler and cooling purpose. No waste water from new products will be released in CETP. Domestic waste water will be treated in STP and utilized in greenbelt. The water requirement and waste water generated in the factory will be as follows. Water requirement will be met through MIDC water supply. Permission from MIDC for water supply is attached as Annexure III. # Particular Existing Existing Proposed Proposed Input Effluent Input Effluent 1 Domestic Industrial 2.1 Processing * 2.2 Boiler Cooling DM Water Washing Total Industrial Fire Service Greenbelt Total (1+2+3) *To be recycled in cooling tower, Domestic 40 KLD going to STP 18

34 2.7. Manpower and Occupational Health Safety Currently 179 of workers are employed within existing plant premises. AACL has its own Occupational Health Center near the main gate in the Plant having two rooms with floor area of 15 sq m as per Factory Act for management of medical & accidental casualty. Occupational Health Center is having established infrastructural and in-house facilities as per factory Act to ensure services to the company and contract employees in Plant. The aims and objectives of the department is to provide a preventive, curative and supportive services to all employees. Occupational Health Center is having two number of part time Factory Medical Officer, and Medical Assistants & ambulance facility round the clock. In and around the industry green plantation is already started. The area for green belt is approx. 60,000 m 2. There are already about 5570 trees existing inside the premises. In addition there are 1066 trees planted outside the boundary wall Proposed Infrastructure The existing infrastructure for manufacturing, ancillary operations, transport of raw material and final products are adequate. Raw material and final products will be transported through tankers/trucks. Maximum rounds of 8 tankers of raw material and 8 tankers of finished products are envisaged R&R Plan Proposed expansion will be within existing manufacturing unit; hence, R&R plan is not applicable Project Schedule and Cost Estimates AACL has ability to complete proposed construction within 4 6 months and likely to be commission the project for operation purpose. Total estimated cost of project will be 7 Crore. Capital Cost for existing environment management is 2.92 crores while recurring cost will be lakhs. 19

35 Figure 2.2: Site Layout of Kurkumbh Plant (Proposed Unit Shown in Red Colour) 20

36 3. COMPLIANCE OF EARLIER ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE The existing plant at Kurkumbh was commissioned during 1995 and undergone subsequent expansions thereon. Latest expansion was proposed in 2015 for which Environmental Clearance was obtained from Maharashtra State Expert Appraisal Committee, vide letter no.seac- 2014/CR-387/TC-2, dated 31 st March Point wise compliance to conditions stipulated in this environment clearance is given below. Sr. Conditions of EC March 2015 No 1 No additional land shall be used /acquired for any activities of the project without obtaining proper permission. 2 For controlling fugitive natural dust,regular sprinkling of water & wind shields at appropriate distances in vulnerable areas of the plant shall be insured. 3 Regular monitoring of the air quality,including SPM & SO2 levels both in work zone and ambient air shall be carried out in and around the power plant and records shall be maintained. The location of monitoring stations and frequency of monitoring shall be decided in consultation with Maharashtra Pollution Control Board(MPCB) & submit report accordingly to MPCB as Compliance Project is within the existing MIDC plot of company. No additional land is aquired. Permissions taken from DISH -Approval No. PLN/86-15/MNG/PSG/ dt and MIDC - Approval No - DE/KUR/Plan/B dt Adequate water sprinking for controlling fugitive natural dust is done. Regular monitoring of air quality is done by MoEF approved Lab for SPM and SO2 levels both in work zone and ambient air is carried out in and around plant areas and the records are maintained. As well submitted to MPCB along with Environmental Report annually. 21

37 applicable 4 Necessary arrangement shall be made to adequate safety and ventilation arrangement in furnace area. 5 Proper housekeeping programmes shall be implemented 6 In the event of the failure of any pollution control system adopted by the unit,the unit shall be immediately put out of operation and shall not be restarted until the desired efficiency has been achieve. 7 A stack of adequate height based on DG set capacity shall be provided for control and dispersion of pollutant from DG set.(if applicable) 8 A detailed scheme for rainwater harvesting shall be prepared and implemented to recharge ground water. 9 Arrangement shall be made that effluent and storm water does not get mixed. 10 Periodic monitoring of ground water shall be undertaken and results analyzed to ascertain any change in the quality of water. Results shall be regularly submitted to the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board. 11 Leq of noise level shall be maintain as per standard. For people working in the Adequate Safety arrangement and ventilation is provided in furnace area. Housekeeping programs are in place and are monitored. This will be followed whenever such situation arises. Existing DG sets are provided with adequate height stack. New DG set will also be provided with adequate height stack as per MPCB norms. Scheme is prepared and will be implemented. Separate Effluent Transfer Piping network and separate Strom water drains are provided. Will be done. Adequate measures to control Noise levels and proper PPEs arre provided for the people 22

38 high noise area, requisite personal protective equipment like earplug etc shall be provided 12 The overall noise levels in and around are shall be kept within the standards by providing noise control measures including acoustic hoods, silencers, enclosure etc on all sources of noise generation.the ambient noise level shall confirm to standards prescribed under environment ( Protection ) act 1986 Rules Green belt shall be developed & maintained around the plant periphery.green belt development shall be carried out considering CPCB guidelines including selection of plants species and in consultation with local DFO /Agriculture dept 14 Adequate safety measures shall be provided to limit the risk zone within the plant boundary,in case an accident.leak detection devices shall also the installed at strategic place for early detection and warning. 15 Occupational health surveillance of the workers shall be done on a regular basis and record maintained as per Factories Act. working in high noise area. Acoustic hoods, silencers, enclosures are provided on the sources of noise generation and ambient noise levels are conforming to standrards as prescribed under EPA 1986 Rules Green Belt Area is 60,000 sq.m and 6900 trees are planted as per CPCB guidelines and in consultation with agriculture dept. Adequate Safety measures are taken and Leak detection devices are provided at strategic locations. Occupationa Health Sureveillance of workers is done regularly and records are maintained in Form - 7 as per Factories Act. 23

39 16 The company shall make the arrangement for protection of possible fire hazards during manufacturing processes in material handling 17 The project authorities must strictly comply with the rules and regulation with regard to handling and disposal of hazardous waste in accordance with the Hazardous Waste (Management & handling) rules 2003 (amended). Authorization from MPCB shall be obtained by collection /treatment/storage/disposal of hazardous waste. 18 The company shall undertake following waste minimization measures * metering of quantities of active ingredients to minimize waste * Reuse of by -products from the process as raw materials or as raw material substitutes in other process. * maximizing recoveries * use of automated material transfer system to minimize the spillage 19 Regular mock drills for the on-site emergency management plan shall be carried out. Implementation of changes / improvement required, if any, in the on site management plan shall be ensured. Arrangements are made for protection of Fire Hazards during manufacturing process in material handling Hazardous Wastes are handled in accordance with Hazardous Wastes Rules Hazardous Waste Authorization No.CTO- BO/CAC-Cell/EIC No. PN /16th CAC-9444 dt.13/10/14 All the four measures for waste minimization are regularly followed and practiced. Regular Mock Drills are carried out. 24

40 20 A Separate environment management cell with qualified staff shall be set up for implantation of the stipulated environmental safeguards 21 Transportation of ash will be through closed containers and all measure should be taken on prevent spillage of the ash. 22 Separate silos will be provided for collecting and storing bottom ash and fly ash. 23 Separate fund shall be allocated for implementation of environmental protection measures/emp along with item - wise breaks-up. These cost shall be included as per of the project cost. The fund earmarked for the environment protection measure shall not be diverted for other purposes and year - wise expenditure should reported to the MPCB & this department. 24 The project management shall advertise at least in tow local news paper widely circulated in region around the project, one of which shall be in the Marathi language of the local concerned within seven days of issue of this letter, informing that the project has been accorded environmental clearance and copies of clearance letter are available Qualified Staff are employed in Environment Management Cell/ Dept. Transportation of Ash is done in Covered vehicles and measures are taken to prevent spillage. Separate Silos are provided Separate Funds are allocated for EMPs and such expenses are reported to MPCB. Environmental Clearance News is published in local news papers Indian Express and Loksatta on

41 with the Maharashtra pollution control board and may also seen at web site htte://ec,maharashtra.gov.in. 25 Project management should submit half yearly compliance report in respect of the stipulated prior environment clearance terms and conditions in hard and soft copies to the MPCB & this department on 1 st june &1 st December of each calendar year. 26 A copy of the clearance letter shall be sent by proponent to the concern municipal corporation and local NGO,if any,from whom suggestion/representation,i f any, were received while processing the proposal.the clearances letter shall also be put on the website of the company by the proponent. 27 The proponent shall upload the status of compliance of stipulated EC conditions; including result of monitored data on their website shall update the same periodically. It shall simultaneously be sent to the regional office of MoEF, the respective zonal office of CPCB and the SPCB. The criteria pollutant levels namely SPM, RSPM.SO2, NOx ( ambient levels as well as stack This is First Half Yearly Compliance Report. Copy of EC is submitted to local authorities. The results of pollutant levels SPM, RSPM, SO2, NOx for ambient as well as stack emmissions are sent to SPCB, CPCB Zone and MoEF RO. Critical sector Parameters are displayed at company gate. 26

42 emissions) or critical sectors parameters, indicated for the project shall be monitored and display at a convenient location near the main gate of the company in the public domain. 28 The project proponent shall also submit six monthly report on the status of compliance of the stipulated EC conditions including result of monitored data (both in hard copies as well as by e- mail) to the respective regional officer of MoEF, the respective zonal office of CPCB and the SPCB 29 The environmental statement for each financial year ending 31 st march in form -V as is mandated to be submitted by the project proponent to the concern state pollution control board as prescribed under the environment ( protection ) rules,1986,as amended subsequently, shall also be put on the website of the company along with the status of compliance of EC conditions and shall also be sent the respective regional office of MoEF by . This is First Half Yearly Compliance Report. Environmental Statement in Form -V is Regularly being submitted. 27

43 4. DESCRIPTION OF THE BASELINE ENVIRONMENT 4.1. Introduction The EIA determines the environmental consequences of the project prior to construction, assess the impact on environment due to construction, on existing baseline environmental parameters and also importantly on land use and socio-economic parameters. Baseline study is an integral part of EIA study, as it helps to identify the environmental concerns already existing in that area. The entire baseline data has been collected through actual physical surveys and observations, literature surveys, interaction with locals, government agencies and departments. This chapter describes the existing environmental settings in the study area. The purposes of describing the environmental settings of the study area are: To understand the project need and environmental characteristics of the area To assess the existing environmental quality, as well as the environmental impacts due to the proposed development around the study area To identify environmentally significant factors or geographical areas that could preclude any future development The baseline data has been ascertained for the environmental components to be considered in general to industrial projects: land, groundwater, surface water, marine, air and meteorology, noise, biology, socio economic and occupational health, solid waste and public utilities. The establishment of baseline for different environmental components in the designated study area and at the project site has been conducted by field monitoring/investigation for baseline data generation. The data generation was carried out covering Ambient Air Quality, Noise Levels, Water Quality, Land Use, Soil Quality, Ecology, Hydrology and Socio-economic features. Besides, additional data/information regarding water availability, ecology, demographic pattern and socio-economic conditions were also collected from secondary sources. 28

44 4.2. Details of Study area Kurkumbh is a well developed industrial area of the MIDC near Daund Town. The MIDC area, adjacent to the Kurkumbh village, is one of the 13 chemical industrial areas developed by MIDC. The Kurkumbh Industrial area is under the jurisdiction of Daund taluka (about 9 km) and under Dist. Pune (about 65 km). The area is surrounded by agriculture land. Kurkumbh area has well developed road and rail network, which is connected to Pune - Solapur National Highway 9 (on1 km) and Central Railway (Daund Junction) on 9.8 km. No sanctuary, national park or ecologically sensitive area is situated within 10 km radius of Kurkumbh MIDC. Study area of 10 km radial distance was selected for collection of primary baseline data (Figure 4.1). Baseline monitoring was conducted during summer of 2016 (March to May). Figure 4.1: Study area covering the 10km around the project site 29

45 4.3. Topography The Pune district forms part of Western Ghat and Deccan Plateau. Physiographically the district can be divided in to three distinct belts i.e. (1) Western belt stretching from 16 to 31 km east of Sahayadri- an extremely rugged country cut by deep valleys, divided and crossed by hill ranges. (2) The central belt extending for about 30 km east of western belt across the tract whose eastern belt is roughly marked by a line drawn from Pabal in the north to south up to Purandhar through Pune. In this belt a series of small hills stretch in to valleys and large spurs from Plateau and (3) the eastern belt with a rolling topography and low hills sinking slowly in to the plains with relatively broader valleys. Therefore, the physiography of the district has given rise to four major characteristic land forms namely; (1) The hills and Ghats (2) The foot hills (3) the plateau and (4) the plains. The district has three major drainage systems namely (1) The Bhima Ghod River System in northern, north-eastern and eastern part of which Bhima River has a total length of about 355 km. (2) Mula-Mutha River System covering the central part and having total length of 242 km in the district. (3) Nira River system covering south, south-east and eastern part and has total length of about 231 km in the district. As per the Seismic Zone classification by IS 1893 (Part-I): 2002, Kurkumbh MIDC falls under Seismic Zone III (Figure 4.2) which falls under Moderate Risk Zone. Figure 4.2: Seismic Zones of India as per IS 1893 (Part-I):

46 4.4. Hydrogeology The entire area of the district is underlain by the basaltic lava flows of upper Cretaceous to lower Eocene age. The shallow alluvial formation of recent age also occurs as narrow stretch along the major rivers flowing in the area. Central Ground Water Board monitors water levels in 43 Ground Water Monitoring wells (GWMW) in the district. These GWMW are measured four times in a year Viz. January (Rabi Season), May (Pre-monsoon), August (Monsoon) and November (Post-Monsoon). The premonsoon depth to water level monitored during May-2011 ranges between 0.40 m.bgl (at Chinchwad) in west-central part and mbgl (at Otur) in northern part of the district. It is observed that in western half of the district where more rainfall occurs, depth to water level during pre-monsoon season is less than 5 mbgl. Depth to water level in eastern and south-eastern part of district is reported between 5 to 10 m bgl excepting in part of Daund, Baramati and Indapur talukas where canal irrigation system is applied. In isolated pockets depth to water level is occurring more than 10 mbgl in central parts (parts of Pune and Daund talukas) and northern parts (parts of Junnar taluka). Pre Monsoon depth to Water level Map is given in Figure 4.3. The depth to water level in district during post-monsoon (Nov.2011) varies from 0.65 at Dorlewadi to m bgl at Otur. Shallow water level of less than 2 m bgl is reported in almost entire western part, in central part (parts of Shirur and Khed talukas) and in southeastern part (parts Daund and Baramati talukas) of the district. In major part of the district in central, northern and southern parts the water level is occurring between 2 to 5 m bgl. Deeper water levels of more than 10 m bgl are restricted in extreme norhtern parts of the district (part of Junnar taluka). The post monsoon depth to water level map is depicted in Figure

47 Source: Central Ground Water Board Report Figure 4.3: Groundwater Levels in Pune District 4.5. Land Use/Land Classification (LULC) Mapping of land use and land cover was carried out for proposed site along the coast by using remote sensing satellite data which mandatory similar to preliminary site survey. Comprehensive and chronological land use and land cover information is very vital for efficient management of land resources and protection of conservation site, if any. In addition to this, remote sensing technology allows constant monitoring with time and past history of any particular area with relative ease. RESOURCESAT-2 cloud free data has been used for land use / land cover of the study area (10 km radius from the proposed site). No any additional land acquisition from local public or private parties is envisaged. The environmental sensitive areas as mentioned in Part 9 (III) of Form 1 of EIA Notification 2006, of the project site covering 10 km aerial distances were verified during the primary data collection through site visit Satellite Image Analysis Satellite data as per following details was used to study LULC. Figure 4.4 shows false colour composite map of 10 km radius area from project site. Landsat: 8 Sensor: OLI TIRS Path: 144 Row: 53 32

48 Date of acquisition: Figure 4.4: FCC composite map 10 km buffer for AACL Kurkumbh LULC Details The digital classification technique has been used for the extraction of the landuse/landcover information from the imagery. A number of different landuse/ landcover classes are identified in the area under study. Table 4.1 shows the information about the extent of landuse / landcover classes in the study area. Satellite data was classified using supervised classification technique. Maximum likelihood algorithm classifier was used for the analysis. The scenes were individually classified and then were integrated to get a composite classified output. After aggregation, the final classified output was converted in raster format. Seven landuse/ landcover classes are identified in total 10 km radius area around project site (Figure 4.5). 33

49 Figure 4.5: Land use land cover map 10km radius Table 4.1: Land use land cover map 10 km radius LULC Class Area(Sq. Km) % Scrub Land Open Land Agriculture Fallow Land Quarry Built-up land Water body Total Area

50 4.6. Soil Soil is a vital natural resource, the proper use of which greatly determines the capability of life supporting system and the socio economic development of the people by providing food, fiber, fodder & fuel formatting the basic needs of human & animals. Alluvium occurs in small areas along banks and flood plains of major rivers like Bhima, Ghod, Mula, Mutha and their tributaries. In alluvium the granular detrital material like sand and gravel usually occurring as thin layer in the district yields water. Basaltic lava flows occupies more than 95% of the area of the district. These flows are normally horizontally disposed over a wide stretch and give rise to table land type of topography also known a plateau. These flows occur in layered sequences ranging in thickness from 7 to 45 m and represented by massive unit at the bottom and vesicular unit at the top of the flow. Representative soil samples from study area were collected at 8 locations as shown in Figure 4.7. Results of soil analysis are presented in Table 4.2. Laboratory monitoring reports are attached as Annexure IV. Figure 4.6: Map Showing Soil Sampling Locations 35

51 Table 4.2: Soil Quality in Study Area Sr. No. Parameter Unit Project Site North of Site Mukadamwadi Rotigaon Maladgaon Patas Patas Lake S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 01. Colour - Dark Brown Dark Brown Dark Brown Brown Blackish Brown Grayish Brown Light Brown 02. Bulk Density kg/m ph Electrical Conductivity Moisture Content Organic Matter Total Organic Carbon Cation Exchange Capacity Calcium as Ca Magnesium as Mg Sodium as Na Potassium as K Exchangeable Calcium as Ca Exchangeable Magnesium as Mg ms/cm % % % meq/100g mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mol/kg mol/kg

52 Exchangeable Sodium as Na Exchangeable Potassium as K Available Nitrogen as N Available Phosphorous as P 2 O 5 Available Potassium as K 2 O Cadmium as Cd Chromium as Cr mol/kg mol/kg kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha mg/kg <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.4 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 mg/kg Copper as Cu mg/kg Cobalt as Co mg/kg Nickel as Ni mg/kg Lead as Pb mg/kg <10 <10 <10 <9 <10 <10 < Manganese as Mn mg/kg Zinc as Zn mg/kg Iron Fe mg/kg

53 4.7. Meteorology The climate of the district is on the whole is agreeable. The winter season is from December to about the middle of February followed by summer season which last up to May. June to September is the south-west monsoon season, whereas October and November constitute the post-monsoon season. The mean minimum temperature is about 12 C and mean maximum temperature is about 39 C. The normal annual rainfall over the district varies from about 468 mm to 4659 mm. It is minimum in the eastern part of the district around Daund (468 mm), Baramati (486 mm) and Jujuri (494 mm). This increases towards west and reaches a maximum around Khandala (4659 mm) in the western ghat. The Chances of receiving normal rainfall are maximum (50 to 55%) in eastern part around Indapur and Daund, in the central part around Pune city and small area around Junnar in northern part of the district. Rainfall analysis also indicates occurrence of drought prone area in eastern, southern, south-eastern, central and north western part around Indapur, Baramati, Jujuri, Daund, Talegaon, Damdhare, Alandi, Shirur and Bhore covering about 50% area of the district Ambient Air Quality Eight sampling stations were selected in the study area of around the project for air quality monitoring. Monitoring location details are delineated in Table 4.3. The Monitoring locations are shown in Figure: 4.8. Table 4.3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations Details Location Code Location Name Distance Direction A1 Project Site - - A2 Staff Colony 3.2 km East A3 Mukadamwadi 1 km South A4 Jiregaon 5.1 km Southeast A5 Rotigaon 3.1 km Southwest A6 Patas 6 km Northwest 38

54 A7 Khatalwasti 5.1 km Northeast A8 Girim 7.6 km Northeast Figure 4.7: Wind Rose Diagram of Study Area 39

55 Figure 4.8: Map Showing Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations Parameters like PM 2.5, PM 10, Sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ), Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) were monitored during the monitoring period, 24 hourly samples were collected twice a week for summer season (March to May 2016). Ambient air quality of study area was compared with secondary data of as well as National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Summary of ambient air quality in comparison with secondary data is given in Table 4.4. Laboratory monitoring reports are attached as Annexure V. Table 4.4: Summary of Ambient Air Quality in Study Area Station PM 10 PM 2.5 SO 2 NOx CO Average A1 Min Max A2 Average

56 Min Max Average A3 Min Max Average A4 Min Max Average A5 Min Max Average A6 Min Max Average A7 Min Max Average A8 Min Max CPCB Standards Values of PM 10 in the background environment ranged from 55 µg/m 3 to 80 µg/m 3. Average values of PM 10 found to be around 61 to 71 µg/m 3 was observed to be within the permissible limit of 100 µg/m 3. The values of PM 2.5 range from 24 µg/m 3 to 45 µg/m 3. The average values of PM 2.5 were 30 to 36 µg/m 3 and found to be within NAAQ standard of 60 µg/m 3. The values of Sulfur dioxide levels were found to vary from 10 µg/m 3 to 28 µg/m 3. The SO 2 emissions in the study area may be attributed to the operations of existing industries in MIDC. However, the 41

57 values of SO 2 were found to be well within NAAQ standard of 80 µg/m 3. The value of Nitrogen oxide ranged from 11 µg/m 3 to 36 µg/m 3. The values of oxides of Nitrogen were observed to be well within the NAAQ standard of 80µg/m 3.The value of CO ranged from 0.1 µg/m 3 to 2 µg/m 3. The values of CO were observed to be well within the NAAQ standard of 4 µg/m Noise Levels The noise levels were monitored at eight locations selected for AAQ monitoring on an hourly basis during the study period. A digital noise level meter of Lutron make was used to record the noise levels. Leq day and Leq night noise levels were derived and reported accordingly. Day time was considered as 1000 hrs to 2200 hrs and night time as 2200 hrs to 0600 hrs. The day time and night time equivalent noise levels at selected locations are given in Table 4.5.Laboratory monitoring reports are attached as Annexure VI. The proposed project site is located within industrial area. Permissible noise limits for industrial area prescribed by CPCB are 75 db(a) during day time and 70 db(a) during night time. Recorded noise levels were observed to be within limits. Table 4.5: Summary of Noise level in Study Area Station N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 Day Leq Night Leq Water Environment No water bodies exist at project site. Surface water samples were collected from eight locations from various ponds in study area. While groundwater samples were collected from seven bore wells. Locations of surface water sample and groundwater sample collection are shown in Figure 4.9and Figure 4.10, respectively. Detailed surface water and groundwater analysis is given in Table 4.6 and 4.7, respectively. Laboratory monitoring reports are attached as Annexure VII. From surface water analysis it is evident that water in ponds are not suitable for drinking purpose. Water need to be disinfected before human consumption. 42

58 Figure 4.9: Map Showing Surface and Groundwater Sampling Locations Table 4.6: Surface Water Quality in Study Area Sr. No. Parameters Unit SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 1 ph * Electrical Conductivity * ms/cm Temperature 0 C Total Dissolved Solids * mg/l Total Suspended Solids * mg/l Total Solids mg/l * Total Hardness as CaCO 3 mg/l Residual Free Chlorine mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 9 Ammonical Nitrogen NH 3 -N * mg/l <2 <2 <2 <2 10 Oil & Grease mg/l <2 <2 <2 <2 11 Fluoride as F - mg/l Nitrate as NO - 3 -N mg/l < Chlorides as Cl -* mg/l

59 14-2 Sulphates as SO 4 mg/l Copper as Cu * mg/l <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 < Manganese as Mn * mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 < Iron as Fe * mg/l <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 < Zinc as Zn * mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 < C, 3 days mg/l 2.1 <2 <2 <2 20 Chemical Oxygen Demand * mg/l Dissolved Oxygen * mg/l Arsenic as As * mg/l <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 < Cadmium as Cd * mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 < Chromium as Cr mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < Lead as Pb * mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 < Boron as B mg/l <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 < Mercury as Hg * mg/l <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 < Fecal coliform MPN/100mL E-coli MPN/100mL Present Present Present Present Table 4.7: Ground Water Quality in Study Area Sr. No. Parameter Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 1 Colour Hazen < 5 < 5 < 5 2 Odour - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 3 Temperature 0 C ph * Electrical Conductivity * ms/cm Turbidity NTU Total Dissolved Solids * mg/l * Calcium Hardness as CaCO 3 mg/l * Total Hardness as CaCO 3 mg/l Phenolphthalein Alkalinity as * CaCO 3 mg/l <1 <1 <1 11 * Total Alkalinity as CaCO 3 mg/l Nitrate as NO 3 - -N mg/l

60 13 Total Phosphate as PO 4-3 mg/l Calcium as Ca * mg/l Magnesium as Mg * mg/l Chlorides as Cl -* mg/l Iron as Fe * mg/l <0.5 <0.5 < Zinc as Zn * mg/l <0.1 <0.1 < Sulphates as SO 4 mg/l Fluoride as F - mg/l Boron as B mg/l < Total coliform MPN/100mL Fecal coliform MPN/100mL <2 4 <2 24 E-coli MPN/100mL Absent Absent Absent Ecology The study area comprises of Central Deccan Plateau characterized by Dry Deciduous Forests make up a large eco-region that is neither exceptionally species rich nor high in numbers of endemic species. Structurally, the dry forests in this eco-region have an upper canopy at meters (m) and an understory at m. Lianas drape the trees in mature forests, but the undergrowth is sparse. The characteristic tree association is Hardwickia binata, Albizia amara inwood land with Tectona grandis, Boswellia serrata, Lannea coromandelica, Anogeissus latifolia, Albizia lebbek, Lagerstroemia parvifolia and Acacia catechu. Other commonly occurring species are Ziziphus mauritiana (Ber), Carissa carandas (Karwand), Alysicarpus bupleurifolius, Cyathocline purpurea, Eriocauion diane, Merremia emarginata, Cucumis melo, Cyperus kyllingia, Striga densiflora, Mareilea minuta. The area sustains grassland fauna such as Gazelia bennetti (Chinkara), Canis lupus (Wolf), Vulpes bengalensis (Indian Fox). 45

61 Table 4.8: List of Dominant Flora Observed in Study Area Sr. No. Common Name Botanical Name Family 1 Arjun Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae 2 Aamba Mangifera indica Anacardiaceae 3 Aonla Emblica Officinalis Fuphorbiaceae 4 Anjani Memecylon edule Combretaceae 5 Aen Terminalia tomentosa Combretaceae 6 Anjan Hardwickia binata Caesalpinaceae 7 Asana Bridelia retusa Euphoribiaceae 8 Babhul Acacia Arabica Minosoideae 9 Bel Aegle marmelos Rutaceae 10 Bahao Cassia fistula Caesalpinaceae 11 Bar Ficus bengalensis Moraceae 12 Bore Ziziphus mauritiana Rhamnaceae 13 Chandan Santalum album Santalaceae 14 Chinch Tamarindus indica Caesalpineae 15 Dhawda Anogeissus latifolia Combretaceae 16 Govinda Diaoapyros Montana Ebebaceae 17 Jambhul Syzygium cimini, Myrataceae 18 Kalambh Mitragyna paryifolia Rubaceae 19 Kathgular Ficus hispida Moraceae 20 Karanj Pohgamia pinnata Fabaceae 21 Karwat Ficus asepirima Moraceae 22 Moh Madhuca indica Sapotaceae 23 Neem Azadirachta inica Meliaceae 24 Peepal Ficus religiosa Urticaceae 25 Ritha Sapindus emarginatue Sapindaceae 46

62 26 Sativan Alstonia scholaris Apocynaceae 27 Umber Ficus glomerata Moraceae 28 Wad Ficus bengalensis Moraceae 29 Amaltash Cassia fistula Leguminosae 30 Kakai Flacourtia indica Bixaceae 31 Kachnar Bauhinia variegata Leguminosae 32 Kathjamun Syzygium heyneanum Mytraceae 33 Bor Zizophus mauratiana Rhamnaceae 34 Peru Psidium guava Myrtaceae Table 4.9: List of Dominant Fauna Recorded in Study Area No. Local Name English Name Scientific Name Schedule Mammals 1 Chinkara Indian gazelle Gazella gazelle bennetti I 2 Landga Indian Wolf Canis lupas pallipes I 3 Kolha Jackal Canis aureus II 4 Khokad Fox Vulpes bengalensis II 5 Sayal Spiny Anteaters, Tachyglossus 6 Sasa Common Hare Lepus refieeandatus IV 7 Mungoos Indian mongoose Herpastes edwardsi II Birds 1 Titar Grey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus III 2 Mor Pea fowl Pavo cristatus I 3 Myna, Salunki Common Myna Acridotheres trists IV 4 Kokil Koyal Endynamys scolopacea IV 5 Chimani Sparrow Passeridae IV 6 Holla Red turtle dove Strptonelia fransquebarica IV 7 Sugaran Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus IV 47

63 8 Tambat Coppersmith Barbet Megalaima haemacephala IV 9 Robin Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicatus IV Socio-economy Socio-economic profile is an important part of the Environment Impact Assessment of any developmental project. This section studies the socio-economic profile of the 10 km radius area for the Alkyl Amines and analyses the baseline status as well as assess the social impacts of the projects in the influence area and try to suggest mitigation measures to the adverse impacts of the project. The socio-economic aspects in general, divided into economy, demography, education, health & infrastructure in the study area. Pune District: Basic Information Pune District is situated in Maharashtra state of India. The district has geographical area of sq. km. and is administratively divided into 5 sub division and 14 talukas. According to the 2011 census Pune District has a population of 9.42 million representing 8.38% of the state population is 4th populous district in the country. The district has a population density of 603 persons per sq. km. Its population growth rate over the decade was 30.34%. Pune district has a sex ratio of 910 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 87.19%. There are around 1,877 villages in the district with 35 towns. Table 4.10: Demographic Attributes for Pune District 1. Area km 2 2. Population 9.42 million 3. Decadal Growth rate 30.34% 4. Male population 4.92 million 5. Female population 4.50 million 6. Density of population (persons per sq. km.) Sex Ratio (females per 1000 males) Literacy

64 9. Male literacy % 10. Female literacy % 11. Urban Population 60.89% Source: District Census Handbook, Census of India 2011 Study area The study area for socio economic assessment was defined as an area within 10 km radius around the proposed project site as per the statutory requirement of the Ministry of Environment & Forest. Designation of impact zone is based on the EIA guidance manual. The project site is located in the MIDC Kurkumbh in Village Kurkumbh Taluka Daund in District Pune. The 10 km radius study area is spread over the taluka of Daund. There are total 21 villages and one town in the study area. The location is essential rural with moderate in habitation. The nearest town Daund is about 9.5 km from the project site towards North east. Methodology The data for the project is collected from secondary sources. The secondary data was collected from the sources such as Census of India, 2011, District Statistical Handbook and other relevant sources in respect to population, infrastructure facilities available and the occupational structures of the study area. The socio-ecological aspect of the study include the agro based economy, industry based economy and occupational structure of the workers. Demography As per the 2011 Census of India, the Total population of the study area is 121,086 persons living in 24,882 households. Population size in villages ranges from 564 persons in Malwadi village to 17,495 in Patas village. There are 49,450 persons in the town of Daund. Population within the age class 0-6 year accounts for 12.13% of the total population of study area. 49

65 Table 4.11: Demographic Characteristics of the study area Villages/ Town No. of HHs Total Population Male Population Female Population Sex Ratio Population (0-6) Size of HH Gar Betwadi Navingar Patas Virobawadi Kusegaon Hinganigada Roti Kurkumbh Pandharewad i Jiregaon Wasunde Nanwij Sonwadi Girim Gopalwadi Masanarwadi Malwadi Mergalwadi Kauthadi Ravangaon Daund (M Cl) Total Source: Census of India

66 Sex ratio is one of the important indices of women's health and position in any society. The demographic characteristics of the study area are depicted in Table Average sex ratio for the study area is 940 females per 1000 males, which is not very high as compares to other parts of the state. Studies have shown that the reason for high sex ratio is due to huge male migration to the study area because of MIDC in Kurkumbh and job availability is very high in the manufacturing sector. The child sex ratio in the study area is 886 female child per 1000 male child. There are 24,882 households in the study area and the average size of household is 5 members per household. According to the 2011 census, the ratio of scheduled caste population in the study area to the total population is 16.50% which is low as compared to the SC population in the district which is 23.98%. whereas the scheduled tribe population in the study area is 2.18% which is very low as compared to the ST population of the district which is 7.09%. Theoverallpercentage ofscheduledcasteandscheduledtribepopulationofthe study areais low.together theyconstitute only 18.68%oftotalpopulationofthestudyareawithin10kmradius. This can be observed in Table 2. Mahar (neo-buddhist), matang and chambhar are some of key scheduled caste found in the study area. Similarly Bhil and Thakar is the prominent scheduled tribe found in the study area. Literacy Rate In the study area the average literacy rate is 81.96%, whereas the male literacy is 87.51% and female literacy is 76.11% in the study area. The average literacy rate of the study area is low as compared to the literacy rate of district which is 86.15%, whereas the male literacy (90.84%) and female literacy (81.05) is also high in the district. The female literacy rate is low in the study area, which is a pan India phenomena. The detailed education status has been mentioned in the Table

67 Table 4.12: No. of Literates and Illiterates and Literacy Rate within 10 km radius Villages/ Town Total Population No. of Literates No. of Illiterates Literacy Rate Male Literacy Rate Female Literacy Rate Gar Betwadi Navingar Patas Virobawadi Kusegaon Hinganigada Roti Kurkumbh Pandharewadi Jiregaon Wasunde Nanwij Sonwadi Girim Gopalwadi Masanarwadi Malwadi Mergalwadi Kauthadi Ravangaon Daund (M Cl) Total

68 Working Population About 41.44% of the total population is engaged as total workers in various types of works like cultivation, agriculture, households industry, others etc (Table 4.13). Of the total workers, nearly 88.05% are main workers, and 11.95% are marginal workers. Out of the total main workers, male main workers are 69.34% and 30.66% are female main workers. Table 4.13: Status of working population in the study area Total Workers and Types of Workers Work Villages/ Total Total Main Marginal Non Participation Town Population workers workers Workers Workers rate Gar Betwadi Navingar Patas Virobawadi Kusegaon Hinganigada Roti Kurkumbh Pandharewadi Jiregaon Wasunde Nanwij Sonwadi Girim Gopalwadi Masanarwadi Malwadi

69 Mergalwadi Kauthadi Ravangaon Daund (M Cl) Total Of the total main workers, cultivators (29.88%) and agricultural labour (15.69%) together constitute 45.57% of the total main workers. Whereas the proportion of total workers in other economic categories is highest as 51.98% of the population in the study area is engaged in manufacturing, processing, servicing and repairs, trade and commerce as the study area comprises of MIDC Kurkumbh and Daund town. On the contrary, the agricultural sector has absorbed only of the total main workers. Urban Rural Population Out of the total population of study area, only 40.84% live in urban region of the study which is considerably low as compared to the urban population ratio of the district (60.99%). The study area consists of 21 villages, 1 town within the 10 km radius area. The study area has both rural and urban population but we can say that the area is rural in nature. 54

70 5. IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Major element involved in the process of Environmental Impact Assessment study is the identification of impacts, as it leads to other elements such as quantification and evaluation of impacts. Although, in general, a number of impacts have been identified while describing the baseline environmental status, it is necessary at this stage to identify the critical impacts that are likely due to proposed alcohol manufacturing project of AACL for various components of the environment. Such predictions are superimposed over the baseline status of environmental quality to derive the ultimate scenario of environmental conditions. The quantitative prediction of impacts lead to delineate suitable environmental plan needed for implementation during operational phase in order to mitigate the adverse impact on environmental quality. The activities at the existing and proposed AACL complex and their impact on various environmental components like air, water, noise, land, biological and socio-economic have been assessed and evaluated in this chapter. The evaluation of impacts on various environmental components is done for the existing activities as well as prediction of impacts for the proposed project also assessed and enumerated as under Impact on Air Environment The impacts on air environment from proposed manufacturing facility depend on various factors like production capacity, types of processes involved, type of raw material used, control technology in use and operation & maintenance. Apart from the above, there will be other activities associated with any industrial project, viz. transportation of raw materials and finished products, storage facilities and material handling within the plant premises which may contribute significantly to air pollution. Generally, intermediate project comprises besides process units several onsite and offsite facilities, viz. storage of tank farms as primary feed stock and other organic liquid chemicals, intermediates and marketable products etc. The impacts on air environment from any industrial project are also governed by terrain conditions and the prevailing micro-meteorological conditions in the project region 55

71 Emissions from Existing and Proposed Project- Table 5.1: Details of Existing Stack Sr. No. Stack Attached to APC System Height in m Diameter /size (m) Gas Qty nm3/hr (approx) Gas Temp C Exit Gas Velocity Nature of pollutant Type of Fuel Quantity & UoM S% SO 2 Kg/Day 1 2 Ethylene Vent, MMP2 H2 plant PSA vent Stack Ambient Ethylene NA Scrubber CO2, H2 NA Process HCL Scrubber Scrubber Ambient 9.50 HCL in ppm NA DG1 320 KVA Stack mm NA NA NA PM HSD 60 Lit/hr DG KVA Stack mm NA NA NA PM HSD 210 Lit/hr / Bagasse/Coal Boiler ESP mm SO2, CO2, PM Bagasse/ Imported coal/indian Coal ( as per )/ 6.56(as per ) 0.01 / 1.25 / / 2910 / 1574 Mt/hr 7 Acetonitrile TFH 1 Stack SOX FO 76 Kg/hr

72 Acetonitrile 8 TFH 2(As per EC Dated Stack M3/Hr SOX FO 125 Kg/hr ) 5.0 / 2.65(as 9 New Bagasse/Coal Boiler Dust Collector mm SO2, CO2, PM Bagasse/ Imported coal/indian Coal per ) / 3.65(as per 0.01 / 1.25 / / 1590 / ) Mt/hr 10 Acetonitrile Plant Vent Gas Scrubber NA NA NA CO2, NH3 NA TFH Stack at BTM & 1 at TOP SO2, CO2, PM FO 70 Kg/hr CO2, Methanol/ 12 H2 plant TFH Stack Ambient 5.43 Water CO/ CO2/ 55 Kg/hr.... Vapour H2 13 Incinerator Scrubber HSD 20 Kg/hr Ethyl plant Vent Scrubber Ambient 1.10 H2, Amine NA

73 15 SMPV vent Scrubber Ambient 0.50 H2, NH3, Amine NA MPP-3 vent Scrubber Ambient 7.00 H2, NH3 NA HCl 17 Scrubber(As per EC Dated Scrubber M3/Hr HCL in ppm NA ) 18 DG KVA(As per EC Dated ) Stack mm NA NA NA PM HSD 243Lit/hr No additional stack is proposed for alcohol manufacturing process. Existing boiler capacity is adequate for expanded production. 58

74 Air Quality Modeling Source dispersion analysis is assumed based on AERMOD View TM model. This model enables analysis with respect to PM 10, SO 2, NOx and CO gives results in simple to understand graphical format. Table 5.2 illustrates series of input and some of assumptions gone into the model. The following steps are involved in the analysis: I. Inputs are entered into the software as per the general modeling parameters. II. Information on the stack i.e. height, diameter, exit gas velocity, temperature and receptor is added to the software. III. The analysis process is done by the model. Table 5.2: Input and Assumptions for Air Modeling Sr. No Inputs Required Availability for this project Stack height Yes Stack emission Stack diameter Yes 1. parameter Flue gas velocity Yes Exit gas temperature Yes 2. Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Cloud Meteorological Onsite Cover, Temperature, Humidity, Station Parameters monitoring Pressure, etc. 3. Emission Parameters Expressed in grams/second emitted US-EPA, AP42 4. Receptor Location Uniform grid Uniform grid Methodology For the stack proposed on site details procured from Emission Regulations Part IV, CPCB 86 was utilized for emissions estimation. Widespread method based on the data available was to use emissions in terms of pollutant mass per second emitted. 59

75 Data collection The stack details and flue gas characteristics are provided in Table 5.3 Process stacks and Table 5.4 DG stacks. Table 5.3: Process Stack and flue gas emissions details Parameters Unit New Bagasse / Bagasse / Acetonitrile Acetonitrile Coal fired Coal fired TFH 1 TFH 2 Boiler 1 Boiler 2 TFH Stack height m Stack diameter m Exit gas velocity m/s Exit gas temperature C Fuel type Indian Coal (S 8.76%) Furnace Oil (S 4.5%) Fuel requirement L/hr or kg/hr PM 10 Emission g/sec SO 2 Emission g/sec NOx Emission g/sec Table 5.4: DG Stack and flue gas emissions details Parameter PM 10 (g/s) SO 2 (g/s) NOx (g/s) 320 KVA (1 No.) 3.33x x x KVA (2 No.) 2.08x x x10-22 Site specific wind-rose for this season is shown in Figure 4.7. For the site-specific mixing heights CPCB document PROBES/88/ is followed. 60

76 Model Inputs AERMOD View TM has been used for evaluating the emission scenarios for proposed project. The inputs to the model are defined in 5 functional pathways as represented in the following sections. Each of these functional parameters include several options that may be user defined or set as default, the details of some of these essential elements of AERMOD View TM runs have been explained in the discussions. A. Control pathway inputs Default option Emission concentration Averaging period of 24 hr as per NAAQS pollutant type B. Source pathway inputs Includes definition of source, its locations Stack source parameter include emissions (g/s) C. Receptors pathway inputs Cartesian grid starting at the SE corner of the ward with 2000m increment over X & Y coordinates, thus forming a receptor output grid radius of 10km. Uniform grid is selected with 10x10 cell size. D. Meteorology pathways inputs One hourly data for period that is from March 15 and May 15 was used as an input in the meteorology processor to generate model ready one hourly input surface & profile meteorology files. Roughness length of 1m of measurement height, displacement height of 0.2m, Albedo of 0.2 & measurement height at which measurements of meteorology have been done. The minimum wind speed (0.5 m/s lower than 1m/s considered as calm by IMD), minimum mixed layer height (50m), and minimum heat flux 20 W/M 2 /s). The Bowen ratio=sensible Heat flux/latent Heat Flux as a function of month to allow smaller Bowen Ratios during the Indian monsoon season when the ground is wet and latent heat fluxes become significant (from 2 in non-monsoon to 0.5 in monsoon). The potential temperature gradient above the mixed layer (0.008 degrees/m) 61

77 The weather data for project site station have been used for the present project. The data was compiled in AERMET module of AERMOD View TM and the results of this final analysis were used as input meteorological data. Output Pathway The model has been run for 24hr average as per the pollutant type and the NAAQS standards criteria. The contour for 1 st highest reading is shown for each pollutant based on BAU scenario. Model outputs were obtained for emissions of each of the pollutants in each of the 2km x 2km receptor grid spread across gridded impact zone. Contour maps are plotted for each of the study pollutants and the impact by the point source. This map is superimposed on the road tile map of the proposed location. Conclusion The point source was represented in the contour plots for concentration to understand the impact of on the study domain. Modeled pollutant concentrations for operations phase is given in Table 5.4 and dispersion trend is shown as isopleths in Figure 5.1to5.4 respectively for PM, SO 2, NO X and CO. Table 5.4: Modeled concentrations for present scenario Parameters Maximum Level (µg/m 3 ) Distance from Site PM 10 (24hr average) 13.9 SO 2 (24hr average) 1.16 On Site NO X (24hr average) 15.2 CO (1hr average) km 62

78 Figure 5.1: Present 24hr average emission dispersion contours for PM 10 Figure 5.2: Present 24hr average emission dispersion contours for SO 2 63

79 Figure 5.3: Present 24hr average emission dispersion contours for NO X Figure 5.4: Present 1hr average emission dispersion contours for CO 64

80 5.2. Impact on Water Environment Existing water requirement of AACL during operational phase 1841 m 3 /day and sourced from MIDC. Existing effluent are treated in ETP and sent to Kurkumbh CETP for further treatment and disposal. Characteristics of treated effluent are within CPCB limits. Results are attached in compliance of earlier EC (Annexure I). Table 5.5: Characteristics of Effluents Generated in AACL Sr. No. Parameter Raw Effluent Treated Eff. Quality (MPCB Limits) Units 1. ph B.O.D Max. 100 Mg/lit. 3. C.O.D Max. 250 Mg/lit. 4. T.S.S Max. 100 Mg/lit. 5. Oil & grease 3 5 Max. 10 Mg/lit. No additional water is required in proposed phase. In fact alcohol manufacturing will generate nearly 9 m 3 /day water which will be recycled in process. Hence, proposed alcohol manufacturing will have positive impact on water environment by reducing water requirement. There is no water body present near project site. No discharge in any surface water is envisaged. As well as there will be no ground water drawl Impacts on Noise Levels The three major categories of noise sources associated with facilities are (1) fixed equipment in process operations; (2) mobile equipment in process operations; and (3) transport movements of products, raw material or waste. The fixed plant may include a very wide range of equipment including: generators; pumps; compressors; screens; conveyers; storage bins; or electrical equipment. Mobile operations may include: drilling; haulage; pug mills; mobile treatment units; and service operations. Transport movements may include truck traffic within the operation, loading and unloading trucks and movement in and out of the facility. Any or all of these 65

81 activities may be in operation at any one time. Singular or multiple effects of sound generation from these operations may constitute a potential source of noise. The potential sources of noise associated with a development need to be identified; these are likely to include: Construction noise Operation noise During construction phase only prefabricated structures will be installed hence, noise levels during construction phase are envisaged to be very low. As well as noise generated during alcohol manufacturing will be within CPCB limits prescribed for industrial areas. Noise will be generated due to vehicular movement during transport of raw material and finished products Waste Generation As the project is an expansion project there will be very limited construction waste generation. Minimization at all levels needs to be attempted for discarded products, empty containers, packing surpluses, incoming raw material unloading spillages and fugitives. The factory has very little scrap materials. All these, however, be carefully stored on raised platform with dwarf toe walls all around, and a roof over-head. The contents should not be held in the premises for more than a fortnight. The hazardous waste generated from the process activities shall contain sludge/residue of acid/organic complexes/organic nitrogen. This is disposed through MEPL at Ranjangaon. Membership certificate of CHWTSDF is attached as Annexure VIII. The details of solid waste are as follows. Table 5.6: Details of Waste Generation Waste Category Existing Qty Proposed Qty Disposal Hazardous waste Used/ spent oil MT 0 CHWTSDF Spent organic solvent MT 0 CHWTSDF Distillation MT 0 CHWTSDF 66

82 residues Spent carbon MT 0 CHWTSDF Chemical containing residue arising from decontamination MT 0 CHWTSDF From pollution control facility Chemical sludge from waste water treatment Ash from incineration of hazardous waste, flue gas cleaning residues MT 0 CHWTSDF MT 0 WOVEN SAC BAG HDPE/LOT Solid waste(from process) MT 0 CHWTSDF Sale to MPCB authorized vendor Wood palets MT 0 CHWTSDF Sale to MPCB authorized vendor Scrap material MT 0 CHWTSDF Carboys plastic numbers 0 CHWTSDF Sale to MPCB authorized vendor Drums numbers 0 CHWTSDF Sale to MPCB authorized vendor 67

83 Boiler Ash MT 0 CHWTSDF Non- Hazardous waste Canteen Non hazardous 35 kg/day 0 Composting Greenbelt Garden trash Non hazardous 30 kg/day 0 Mulching Greenbelt 5.5. Impacts on Ecology No direct impact would be envisaged due to the upcoming project on nearby ecological environment. Further greenbelt development will help to improve ecology Impacts of Socioeconomic Environment The issue such as land acquisition, compensation & rehabilitation are not involved as the proposed project would be taken inside existing industrial plot. Due to this upcoming project will create direct or indirect positive impact on the society. The operation of the project, provide value addition to the existing infrastructure facility such as public transport, water supply, telecommunications, etc. The operation of project and other allied facilities, will improve the employment opportunities. Local People will be getting direct or indirect employment due to the proposed project. The employment will have positive impact on the local economy thereby increasing the quality of life. 68

84 6. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 6.1. Purpose of Environmental Management Plan Various purposes of the environmental management plan are To treat and dispose of all the pollutants viz. liquid, gaseous and solid waste so as to meet statutory requirements (Relevant Pollution Control Acts) with appropriate technology. To support and implement development work to achieve environmental standards and to improve the methods of environmental management. To promote green-belt development. To encourage good working conditions for employees. To reduce fire and accident hazards. Budgeting and allocation of funds for environment management system. To adopt cleaner production technology and waste minimization program Air Environment The incremental GLCs of pollutants due to the existing project have been observed tobe within the CPCB standards.following measures are already implemented to mitigate negative impact of operation phase of the projecton the surrounding air environment. Regular monitoring of air quality is done by MoEF&CC approved Lab for SPM and SO 2 levels both in work zone and ambient air in and around plant areas and the reports are submitted to MPCB along with Environmental Report annually. Heights of all the stacks are maintained as per statutory requirement. All the stacks have stack monitoring facility (SMF) consisting of sampling port-hole, platform and access ladder. Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) is installed to mitigate pollution. Adequate spares of critical components of dust collection systems will be kept to ensure trouble free operations and continuous compliance to emission norms. 69

85 A comprehensive plan for fugitive emission control based on CPCB guidelines is already in place. Same will be implemented for proposed expansion. Existing DG sets are provided with adequate height stack. New DG set will also be provided with adequate height stack as per MPCB norms. No new stack is proposed in expansion phase. Hence, there will be no incremental impacts on air quality Water Environment Only prefabricated structures will be installed during proposed expansion, hence water requirement for construction activities will be insignificant. Water quantity being small, no major impact on existing water resources of the study area is envisaged during construction phase. Further, there will be no housing facility at site for construction workers and hence a major source of impact on water environment will be avoided. Proper and sufficient sanitary facilities are provided within existing plant to maintain hygienic conditions at site. Storm water drain compatible with the local hydrological pattern of the area are provided to carry - off any run - off or storm water from the premises and this water will be harvested through ground water recharge or storage. Care will be taken during construction work not to create any obstruction / dips in the topography which can lead to accumulation of water within premises leading to undesirable consequences like health and hygiene problems etc Effluent Treatment Scheme The waste generated from process operations is collected by gravity as separate streams in two collection tanks. The effluent from the derivative plant and other utilities is collected in one collection tank and the effluent from Ethyl Amine and Powder plant is collected in another collection sump. Average combined flow is 200 m 3 /day and is subjected to treatment in two separate ETPs designated as old ETP and new ETP. The effluent from the derivative plant and other utilities is treated in old ETP while effluent from Ethyl Amine and Powder plant is treated in new ETP. Both old and new streams are treated separately by similar process such as equalization and neutralization followed by biological oxidation. The treated and degasified mixed liquor enters the secondary clarifier to separate the biomass. This biomass has to be 70

86 wasted periodically to sludge drying bed to maintain MLSS. The clarified wastewater which may contain some refractory COD, will be collected in common intermediate tank for onward tertiary treatment of filtration by pressure sand filter and adsorption in activated carbon. The treated water is collected in final sump. Blow down from cooling tower is also collected in final sump. From final sump treated effluent is disposed to MIDC CETP. Table 6.1: Basis for Design of Effluent Treatment Parameter Design Concentration Outlet Concentration Flow m 3 /day ph Total Suspended Solids < 100 Oil and Grease 5 15 < 10 BOD < 80 COD < 250 Total Ammonical Nitrogen < 40 Table 6.2: Effluent Characteristics of Existing AACL Plant # Parameter Unit Untreated Treated Effluent Effluent MPCB Limits 1 ph Suspended Solids mg/l Less than COD mg/l Less than BOD mg/l Less than Oil and Grease mg/l 3 5 Nil Less than 10 6 TDS mg/l Less than Chlorides mg/l Less than Sulphates mg/l Less than 1000 Detailed schematic diagram of ETP is shown in Figure

87 Figure 6.1: Schematic Diagram of ETP Scheme 72

88 6.5. Noise Environment Following measures are proposed during construction period to mitigate adverse impacts. Construction machinery and vehicles will undergo periodic maintenance to keep them in good working condition. All machineries to be used for construction purpose will be of highest standard of reputed make and compliance of noise pollution control norms by these equipments will be emphasized by company. Acoustic laggings and silencers will be used in equipments wherever possible. Feasibility of putting up acoustic enclosure / temporary barrier around areas with high noise levels will also be explored Greenbelt Development As the proposed expansion will be within premises no major tree cutting exercise will be there and no major impact on ecology is anticipated. However, possibility of raising of greenbelt along with construction activity will be explored so that greening of area can be started at the beginning of proposed expansion project. Existing greenbelt of area 60,000 m 2 is already developed and 5570 Nos of trees are planted. No trees are expected to be cut or transplanted for expansion. The greenbelt development plan aims at overall improvement in the Environmental conditions of the region. The plan with a three-fold objective addresses issues such as prevention of land degradation due to activities during construction phase; enhancing the forest cover for increasing the biodiversity of the region; providing aesthetic value to the project area. Tree plantation is one of the effective remedial measures to control the Air pollution and noise pollution. The species that have history of good survival and growth under similar site conditions shall be planted. The native species such as Vad (Ficus benghalensis), Kanchan (Bauhinea racemosa), Karanj (Pongamia pinnata), Neem (Azadiracta indica), Sisam (Dalbergia sissoo), Rain tree (Samania saman), Bahava (Cassia fistula), Kadamb (Anthocephalus kadamba) and Chinch (Tamarindus indica) shall be planted. 73

89 Species such as Nilgiri (Eucalyptus globules), Glyricidia, Gulmohar (Delonix regia) known for extensively consuming groundwater shall be strictly avoided Occupational Health and Safety AACL has its own Occupational Health Center near the main gate in the Plant having two rooms with floor area of 15 m 2 each as per Factory Act for management of medical & accidental casualty. Occupational Health Center is having established infrastructural and in-house facilities as per factory Act to ensure services to the company and contract employees in Plant. The aims and objectives of the department is to provide a preventive, curative and supportive services to all employees. Occupational Health Center is having two number of part time Factory Medical Officer, and Medical Assistants & ambulance facility round the clock. Following measures will be adopted in the plant: Regular inspection and maintenance of pollution control systems. All measures related to safety such as safety appliances, training, safety awards, posters, slogans are undertaken. The workers exposed to noisy sources are provided with ear muffs/plugs. Adequate facilities for drinking water and toilets are provided to the employees. The fire and safety equipments are properly utilized and maintained regularly. The health of the workers will be regularly checked by a well qualified doctor and proper records will be kept for each worker. Isolated storage for all hazardous chemicals with adequate safety measures, sign board outside storage etc. Fire proof electric fittings will be used Budget for Environmental Management The management will set aside adequate funds in its annual budget to fully meet the stated objectives of the environmental policy. The capital equipment for environmental management includes effluent treatment plant, pipelines and channels for wastewater discharge, green belt development, and the environment laboratory. 74

90 Table 6.3: The Capital investment and operation & maintenance cost on EMP Investment Total O & M cost Capital (Rs. Lakh) ( Existing + Additional) (Rs.Lakh) Air Pollution Control Green Belt Laboratory Facility for Monitoring NABL accredited laboratory 3.0 ETP STP Occupational Health Total

91 7. ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PLAN This section of the report describes the time schedule and monitoring program for compliance with the recommended mitigation measures. Methods have been designed in such a way that it is possible for the AACL to demonstrate that the mitigation measures are effectively implemented during construction and operation phase. The proposed monitoring plan is presented in Table 7.1. Aspects Air Quality Noise Levels Water Quality ETP Inlet ETP Outlet STP Table 7.1: Monitoring Schedule during Construction and Operation Phase Parameters to be monitored PM 10, PM 2.5, SO 2, NO 2, CO, NH 3 Day and night noise levels ph, Temp, Salinity, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, Hardness, Alkalinity, Chlorides, Turbidity, Conductivity, Oil and Grease, Heavy Metals ph, SS, TDS, BOD, COD, Chlorides, Sulphates, Total Ammonical Nitrogen ph, SS, TDS, BOD, COD, Chlorides, Sulphates, Total Ammonical Nitrogen TSS, BOD, Oil and Grease Frequency of Monitoring Twice in a week for one season Quarterly Quarterly Stack PM 10, SO 2 Monthly Locations Project Site, Kurkumbh Village, Mukadamwadi Project Site, Kurkumbh Village, Mukadamwadi, Kurkumbh Village, Mukadamwadi Compliance NAAQ Standards, 2009 CPCB Standards IS10500: 2012 Monthly Old and New ETP MPCB Standards Monthly Final ETP Sump MPCB Standards Monthly STP Outlet MPCB Standards Boiler Stack, Process Stack MPCB Standards 76

92 Environment Monitoring Hierarchy: AACL is aware that environmental monitoring is not a job, which can be handled without a careful planning. The success lies if three components are simultaneously present viz. (1) management support, (2) efficiency of the environment management cell and (3) acceptability of resulting environmental quality, both by SPCB and by public. A structure of this plan and hierarchy of process flow for environmental management is prepared and enclosed as logics, which is self-explanatory. AACL will adopt this structure and hierarchy, which is akin to principles and practice. Figure 7.1: Structure of Environment Management Cell 77

93 8. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES Introduction This chapter discusses the alternative considerations that have been studied by AACL before finalizing the proposed location and technology of alcohol manufacturing Project Requirement Alternatives The government had mandated the use of 5 % Ethanol in petrol for the past several years. In the second half of 2015 it announced that the blending rate would be enhanced to 10 % thus requiring a larger quantity of ethanol. It is estimated that the total requirement for the country would be in the range of 2300 ML/Annum. It is also reported that at present the availability of ethanol is only sufficient for 2 % blending. Proposed total capacity of 45,000 KL/Annum would easily be marketed to the oil companies for the purpose of blending in petrol No Project Scenario No-Project scenario discusses about the existing conditions as well as what would occur in the foreseeable future, if the projects will not be established based on current plans. As discussed earlier there is tremendous shortage of pure alcohol which can be used for blending in petrol. Continual use of non-blended petrol will lead to more carbon emission Site Selection Proposed manufacturing facility will be located within existing plant hence, site alternatives are not considered Technology Alternatives Dehydration with Entrainer Process (Azeotropic Distillation) For manufacturing anhydrous alcohol on large scale, Cyclohexane is used as entrainer. When % alcohol is mixed with Cyclohexane and distilled a ternary azeotrope is formed. e.g. If a mixture of ethanol, water and cyclohexane as given below is distilled and condensed then the condensate forms two layers.the system consists of two columns i.e.first is a dehydration 78

94 column followed by recovery column. The Spirit is fed into the dehydration column. Cyclohexane is also introduced in this column. Vapour of ethanol, water & cyclohexane close to itsazeotropic concentration is collected from the top whereas anhydrous alcohol is collectedfrom the bottom of the column Molecular Sieve Method Molecular sieves are synthetic adsorbents and for vapour phase ethanol dehydration the sieve developed is metal aluminosilcates with effective pore size opening 3 angstrom (3x10-8 cm). Molecular sieves of type 3A has chemical formula (K 2 O, Na 2 O). Al 2 O 3. 23iO 2. XH 2 O During dehydration of ethanol, the water of hydrolysis fills the cavities or pores in the molecular sieves.the potassium form of molecular sieves has pore size of 3 angstrom.the diameter of water molecule is 2.8 angstrom and the diameter of ethanol molecule is 4.4 angstrom. The water vapour molecules are having strong dipoles and elastic. They are drawn into the pores and condensed at the wall of the pores,ethanol vapour bigger in size passes through the bed without getting in to the pores of the molecular sieves. Advantage of molecular sieve method is energy efficient technique. 79

95 9. ADDITIONAL STUDIES This chapter covers Traffic scenario & Risk Assessment Studies for the construction and operation phase of proposed project. 9.1 Traffic analysis Objectives Current external traffic on adjacent road Evaluation of traffic for the proposed land uses within the PROP. PROJECT premises. Carrying out Classified Traffic Volume Count on External Road. This study is helpful in suggesting possibilities for, Linking PROP. PROJECT traffic to external roads with minimum interruption. Internal Traffic Management External traffic scenario Proposed project is abutting to 25m wide road. Classified Traffic Volume Counts (CTVC) was carried out at this Mid-Block in both directions. All vehicle classes including car, Auto, motorcycle, public bus, and goods carrier are captured by direction wise. Traffic Survey was carried out on 1) On Abutting 25 m Wide MIDC Road, 2) 45m Wide MIDC Road & 3) NH9 Table 9.1: Vehicular Volume on Pune- Sopalur Hwy (NH9) Type of Vehicle Total No of Vehicles Percentage of Vehicles PCU Factors Direction Towards Kurkumbh, Solapur Total PCU Percentage of PCU Two Wheeler Bus Car Auto LCV Axle

96 3 Axle Total Direction Towards Patas, Pune Two Wheeler Bus Car Auto LCV Axle Axle Total Direction Peak Period Peak Hour Peak Hour Peak Hour From To Volume /Hr PCU / Hr % PCU/hr Pune-Solapur Hwy(NH9) 9 12 pm % 5 8pm % Figure 9.2: Pune- Solapur (NH9) Traffic composition. 81

97 Figure 9.3: Hourly Variation towards Pune Solapur road The project Traffic will use 25m Wide Road on Which There will not any Congestion on this MIDC Road. Level of Service (LOS) will be A on 25m Wide Road even after added Project Traffic and Future Incremental Growth of Traffic. On NH9 Level of Service (LOS) will be B even after added Project Traffic and Future Incremental Growth of Traffic. Detailed Traffic Analysis report is attached as Annexure IX Risk and HAZOP The potential consequences from hazardous scenarios identified are determined and the impact zones modeled using ALOHA and PHAST software. The primary consequences types are pressure wave, thermal radiation and toxic gas release. The neutral atmospheric stability conditions and ambient temperature of 30 0 C, wind speed of 4.0 m/s and humidity 50% used for consequences analysis. Detailed Risk Analysis and DMP report are attached as Annexure X. 82

98 10. CONSULTANTS ENGAGED This EIA report is prepared on behalf of the proponents, taking inputs from proponent s office staff, Architects and Project Management Professionals etc. by Environmental Consultants M/s. Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory, Thane, Mumbai, who have been accredited by QCI- NABET Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1417/RA M/s Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory: Ultra-Tech Environmental Consultancy & Laboratory [Lab Gazetted by MoEF Govt. of India] not only give environmental solutions for sustainable development, but make sure that they are economically feasible. With innovative ideas and impact mitigation measures offered, make them distinguished in environmental consulting business. The completion of tasks in record time is the key feature of Ultra-Tech. A team of more than hundred environmental brigadiers consists of engineers, experts, ecologists, hydrologists, geologists, socio-economic experts, solid waste and hazard waste experts apart from environmental media sampling and monitoring experts and management experts, strive hard to serve the clients with up to mark and best services. Ultra-Tech offers environmental consultancy services to assist its clients to obtain environmental clearance for their large buildings, construction, CRZ, SEZ, high rise buildings, township projects and industries covering sugar and distilleries from respective authorities. Ultra-Tech is in the process of getting QCI-NABET final accreditation for its EIA organization. Ultra-Tech also provide STP/ETP/WTP project consultancy on turn-key basis apart from Operation and Maintenance of these projects on annual contract basis. Also, having MoEF approved environmental laboratory, Ultra-Tech provide laboratory services for monitoring and analysis of various environmental media like air, water, waste water, stack, noise and meteorological data to its clients all over India and abroad. Following this EIA report is collaborative efforts of following team members. 83

99 List of Team Members Involved in EIA Report EIA Coordinator Name Sector - Category Signature Mr. Timir Shah 5 (f) Synthectic Organic Chemicals Category B Functional Area Experts Name Functional Area - Category Signature Mr. Timir Shah AP Category B Mrs. Sampada Shidid WP Category B Mrs. Sampada Shidid MSW Category B Mrs. Anjali Singam AQ Category A Mr. Vikrant Kulkarni EB Category A Dr. Kishore Wankhede SE Category A Mr. Santosh Gupta SHW Category A Mr. Swapnil Awghade LU Category A Mr. S. L. Bonde RH External Expert 84