TM System Finland Oy, Pirita Mikkanen, PhD EMISSIONS TO AIR AT PAPER MILL AND HOW TO CONTROL IT

Transcription

1 TM System Finland Oy, Pirita Mikkanen, PhD EMISSIONS TO AIR AT PAPER MILL AND HOW TO CONTROL IT CIPTE

2 About TM Systems TM Systems is the only company of its size that can offer a complete turnkey solution worldwide We are a trusted and reliable long-term partner to our customers delivering tailored, turnkey industrial air systems and HVAC solutions to many of the world s largest and most respected names in the pulp and paper, energy and minerals and metals industries. Our longest continuum of repeat orders to date consists of 23 complete turnkey air system deliveries to a very demanding world-class client in their mills in different parts of China with differing climate conditions. TM systems has had a successful business presence in China since our first equipment delivery in 1993.

3 Content of presentation Emission sources and quantities Drivers for change Control methods Holistic process mill view Conclusion

4 Kraft pulping process emissions to air Source: IED

5 Principles of paper and package grade making

6 Power generation at mill sites

7 For non-integrated pulp and paper mills, namely mechanical, recycled fiber processing and paper machines, the main emission source is the boilers generating heat and electricity for paper machine. Typical emission factors at pulp and paper mill site Mill or boiler type PMtotal, kg/adt SOx (as S), kg/adt NOx, kg/adt TRS (as S), kg/adt Odorous gases, m 3 /ADt Kraft pulp Recovery boiler <0.05 Lime kiln <0.03 (with scrubber and ESP) Bark boiler Industrial boiler firing coal Industrial boiler firing gas <0.002 <

8 Greenhouse gas emissions at pulp and paper mills Source: Stora Enso

9 Ministry of Environmental Protection estimated for cost of air pollution in 2010 is 3,5% of GDP (1.1 trillion RMB) and recently (unofficially) even 5-6%. Simultaneously, it has been estimated that the annual financial losses due to illnesses caused by deteriorated climate are upto 781 billion euros in Europe. Legislative drivers Europe Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) defines the obligations for some large industrial installations including pulp and paper industry Best Available Technology (BAT) BAT Reference Document (BREF) Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) European Union's Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) China 11FYP, control of SOx emissions was successfully implemented 12FYP addressed control of NOx and PM emissions Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan for De-SOx, De-NOx, PM and VOC reduction in e.g. industrial boilers Control of VOC emissions from industry

10 PM Emission control-filtering

11 PM Emission control - ESP

12 SO 2 emission control

13 NO x emission control Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Temperature C, NH 3 Reduction efficiency 70-90% Relatively complicated and expensive technology Catalyst is sensitive to contamination Spaceous Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) Temperature C NH 3 spraying and collection Reduction efficiency 50-60% Relatively cheap technology Compact Simple installation Some PM reduction

14 VOC reduction methods Thermal oxidation, removal efficiency 95-99% At paper mills concentration is seldom high enough for burning Collection and burning with other fuels (coal, oil, bark) Heat recovery Feed to furnace or boiler Collection ducts Catalytic oxidation, removal efficiency 90-97% Catalyst can be poisoned Heat recovery Adsorption methods; activated carbon, zeolite Collected compunds can be recovered Adsorption media efficiency can be decreased by e.g. moisture

15 Malodorous gases Result of emitted reduced sulphur compounds such as hydrogen sulphide, methylmercaptan and dimethyl sulphide Sources: digesters, evaporators and from wastewater collection and treatment facilities Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is the most dominant volatile reduced sulfur compound Nuisance and e.g. H 2 S is corrosive and toxic

16 The best way to avoid emissions is to operate with the best energy and materials efficiency. Efficiency improvement methods

17 Our new solution is ZERO-EX Zero-Ex unit saves energy and water for pulp and paper mills Zero emissions to air, no fog, no noise, no dust, no odor Payback time of project is less than two winters based on energy saved For 1250 tpd production water saving is ca 1600 tpd Zero-Ex modules can be stacked or fitted parallel to ensure efficient mass transfer and to meet needs for flow volumes Two pilot projects shortly contracted and ten other mills expected in the coming 12 months One mill utilises 1-6 units Zero-Ex trademark is registered and international patent pending Designed for lean production and economical transportation

18 Conclusions For non-integrated pulp and paper mills, namely mechanical, recycled fiber processing and paper machines, the main emission source is the boilers generating heat and electricity for paper machine Different emission control methods have reduction efficiencies inversely proportional to price The best way to control emissions is to avoid them i.e. save energy, water and raw materials per product ton Example: if Zero-Ex is applied for suitable Chinese sites with about 2000 paper machines and hundreds of industrial boilers of capacities MW, the emission reduction would be a million tons of PM2.5 and tons of CO 2 per year

19 A trusted partner

20 Pirita Mikkanen Mobile Skype pirita.mikkanen FINLAND TM SYSTEM FINLAND OY Pitkämäenkatu 11 B, FI Turku, Finland CHINA TM SYSTEM CHINA AIR TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. No.1189 Datong Road, Kunshan Economic & Technical Development Zone (KETD), Jiangsu, , China