PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT

Transcription

1 PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT

2 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The mining lease located at near Mauza & Mohal Paonta, Tehsil Paonta Sahib, District Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh. The lease has been sanctioned in favours of Sh. Kush Parmar R/O Gautam Niwas, Near Ram Kundi, Nahan, District Sirmour, H. P vide letter no. Udyog Bhu (Khani -4) Laghu-476/ dated Valid up to 2 years are attached as Annexure-I. The proposed project is having lease area of ( Hect.) falls under Category- B as per EIA Notification 2006 as amended thereof issued by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi. As per Mining officer s letter stating that there are two other mine lease existing within 500 m from the periphery of the lease area. Sum total area is ha as per mining officer letter are Attached as Annexure II. The proposed project activity will be carried out from of Yamuna River, a main tributary of Ganges River It has been proposed to collect 93710TPA of Sand, Stone & Bajri. S. No Name of mine lease Area 1 Paonta- II(B) Hectares 2 Paonta- II(C) Hectares 3 Kush Parmar Hectares Total Area Hectares As per Revenue record is under the ownership of Govt. and the classification of land is recorded as Gairmumkin Nadi (Govt Land) which attract the provision of FCA, Maximum 1915 TPA waste will be generated which contains Silt and clay mixture. As the mining lease area is within the river bed of Yamuna therefore; the waste material shall be used for the maintenance of the approach road of the mining actioned and the stone crusher unit as the road from stone crusher site unit connecting the main road. Remaining is used for plantation work with local species as per the approved mine plan vide letter no. Udyog Bhu (Khani -4) Laghu-476/ dated attached as Annexure-IV. The lease is situated in the River Yamuna, a primary tributary of the River Ganga. The river Yamuna, a major tributary of river Ganges, originates from the Yamunotri glacier near Banderpoonch peaks (38 59' N 78 27' E) at an elevation of about 6387 meters above mean sea level in district Uttarkashi (Uttrakhand). The Yamuna catchment drains the Punjab- Kimaon Himalayas from Shimla in northwest to Mussoorie in the southeast. After flowing in a southeasterly direction for about 120 Km, it is joined by its principal tributary, the Tons 1

3 near Dakpathar. The Tons drains a large catchment area hence carries a large volume of water than the main river Yamuna. From the west, another important tributary, the Giri, Joins the main river near Paonta Sahib. The river pierces the lower Shiwalik range and enters the plains near Tajewala. From Tajewala onward it flows in a southerly direction for 240 km up to the Okhla headwater near Dehli. The Yamuna after receiving water through other important tributaries joins the river Ganga and the underground Saraswati at Prayag (Allahabad) after traversing about 950 Km. The area is approachable from Paonta Sahib via NH 7 which connected directly to Ambala Paonta Sahib Dehradun road and via link road to Court road and further by Track through the river bed. 10 km buffer map attached as Map No INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT/BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Identification of the Project: As per the letter Udyog Bhu (Khani -4) Laghu-476/ dated Valid up to 2 years, the lease has been granted in favour of Sh. Kush Parmar, Gautam Niwas, Near Ram Kundi, Nahan, District Sirmour, H. P. for mining of Sand, Stone and Bajri over an area of hectare and as per the Letter of intent dated , are attached as Annexure I) Joint Inspection Report with tatima Attached as Annexure III Details of the Project Proponent: The lease documents of mine are attached as Annexure III. The details of the project proponent are given below: (Approved Mine Plan attached as Annexure IV) Name of the applicant Name & Address Sh. Kush Parmar Gautam Niwas, Near Ram Kundi, Nahan, District Sirmour, H. P Status of Mine New (Fresh Application for Environmental Clearance) 2.2 Brief Description of Nature of the Project: The mining lease area is hectare located near Mauza & Mohal Paonta, Tehsil Paonta Sahib, District Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh. It has been proposed to collect approximately 2

4 93710 TPA of Sand, Stone and Bajri Maximum 1915 TPA waste will be generated which contains Silt and clay mixture. Total Mineable reserves TPA including silt & clay TABLE: -SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT: Project Name Mining Lease Area Location of mine Latitude Longitude Toposheet number River/Nallah/Tanks/Lakes etc Minerals of mine Proposed production of mine Method of mining No of working days Cost of the Project Water demand Sources of water Mining of Sand, Stone & Bajri from Yamuna River proposed by Sh. Kush Parmar Hectare Khasra Nos Mauza & Mohal Paonta Tehsil Paonta Sahib, District Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh. 30 o N to 30 o N 77o E to E H43L11 Yamuna riverbed, which is a main tributary of Ganges River Sand, Stone and Bajri TPA Manual Mining 280 days 20 Lakhs 1.57 (Domestic) (Dust Suppression) =2.17 KLD The water will be supplied from bore well at the Mine site Man power 35 Nearest railway station Railway Station - Dehradun- (about Km. in SE direction) Aerial Distance Nearest state highway/national highway Nearest airport NH-72 about 570 meters in East Direction Bhagani Sahib Road about 320 meters in North Direction Airport- Dehradun Jolly Grant (About Km in SE Direction) Aerial Distance 3

5 Seismic zone Seismic zone IV Mining Methodology: The mining is confined to extraction of Sand, Stone and Bajri from the proposed mine site. The basic requirement of the lessee will stone & river born bajri for sale in the market. Hence, the applicants intend to mine stone, bajri & sand by hand shoveling into tractor trolleys / tipper trucks and to transport to the construction site for sale. As per the policy guidelines issued by the State Government for Mining of River / Khad bed and to calculate the mineable reserve the following points are taken into consideration: The Rule 23(6) (i) stipulates the depth of pit below the surface shall not exceed 1 meter from adjoining ground in case of river/stream. The Rule 23(6) (ii) stipulates natural flow of the water shall not be disturbed. The Rule 34 (iii) stipulates the depth of mining in the river bed shall not exceed one meter of water level whichever is less. Thus, keeping in view the mining Rules and policy guidelines issued by the State Government for Mining of river/khad bed, A geological map on 1:2000 scales is prepared and main litho units were marked on the plan to know the surface spread of each unit. No mining is to be undertaken along the periphery of the lease area if the mining is likely to cause any adverse impact on the adjoining land or the owners of the adjoining land has not given his consent for mining. One meter area is proposed as safety zone as the depth of mining is constrained to one meter. Thus, square metres area is considered for mining. Lease area is situated well within the meandering corridor of Yamuna River No mining zone is defined after considering the 5-meter safe distance from the bank (HFL) or 1/10 of width from the bank to bank. The width of River is about 800 to 900metres thus a safe zone from banks (HFL) of 80 to 90 metres has been provided. The water table level will go down as the water recedes after the monsoon. The depth of water table will at lowest in the pre-monsoon season. The study of the area indicates that depth varying from 0.2 meter to more than a meter for mining will be available in the lease area keeping in view various factors, such as: Season- that is post- monsoon to pre- monsoon. 4

6 Nature river- It is seasonal or perennial. Distance from water flow. Height above surface water level. Width of river. Age of river at mining site. Thus, the calculation for mineable reserves become complex. In all it was computed based on local study that on an average 0.80 meters mining depth can be assumed for the entire mineable area. Thus, from a safe block of square meters it is estimated that about cubic metres of material will be exploited. Though the river is perennial but during the non-monsoon period the water recedes to an extent and most mining lease part of the river bed is dry. Hence mining will be possible in all the area only during the dry seasons and dry parts. It will therefore, will not be possible to exploit minerals up to one meter depth in the entire block. Keeping in view rate of replenishment of the River Yamuna in the area the entire block is considered for mining. Thus, the block will be rested only during monsoons for replenishment. The mining in the area will be undertaken only for nine non-monsoon months. 2.3 Need for the project and its importance to the Country or Region: The mining activities as proposed are the backbone of all construction and infrastructure projects as the raw material for construction is made available only from such mining. The Sand, Stone and Bajri extracted are in high demand at the local market for real estate and infrastructure industry. Project will also provide employment to local people. Apart from this project also have its Environmental Benefits which is as follows: a. Controlling river channel b. Protecting of river banks c. Reducing submergence of adjoining agricultural lands due to flooding. d. Reducing aggradation of river level. e. Protection of crops being cultivated along the river bank. 2.4 Demand -Supply Gap: The demand for Sand, Stone and Bajri is ever growing with the growth of the infrastructure sector in our country. The mineral is used mainly in the construction activities like buildings, bridges etc. The requirement for the mineral is always high in the nearby cities and towns. Therefore there is always a good demand of the mineral in the domestic market. 5

7 2.5 Imports vs. Indigenous Production The demand of Sand, Stone and Bajri is high in the domestic market and it is available in abundant quantity in area. There will be no imports for the proposed project as all production of mine is earmarked for the indigenous demand/ local market. 2.6 Export Possibility The present project does not seek the export possibility. 2.7 Domestic/ Export Markets The production of stone is for captive stone crusher. The demand for stone grit produced from Stone crusher is limited to local domestic market and it has no potential for export. The extracted sand will directly sale to the local market. 2.8 Employment Generation (Direct and Indirect) due to the project: This project operation will provide the direct employment to about 35 workers from poorest section of the nearby villages, they engaged in extraction/quarrying of Sand, Stone & Bajri loading or unloading of material into trucks. It will also provide employment to the people residing in vicinity and indirectly by the development of supporting infrastructure. 3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 3.1 Type of Project Including Interlinked and Interdependent Projects, If Any. The proposed Sand, Stone & Bajri Mining Project from Yamuna River situated in Mauza & Mohal Paonta, Khasra No. 2171, hectare area. This is an interlinked project of Kush Parmar(Stone Crusher) Location: The proposed mining lease area is located in Mauza & Mohal Paonta, Tehsil Paonta Sahib, District Sirmour, H.P The Surface plan and Working Plan showing contours is given along with approved Mining plan attached as Annexure IV The location details are mentioned below:- Toposheet No. : H43L11 Latitude : 30 o N to 30 o N 6

8 Longitude : 77 o E to 77 o E The vicinity map is given below: Project Site 3.3 Details of Alternate Sites The lease has been granted for this particular site. Hence no other alternative site is proposed. 3.4 Size or magnitude of operation Mining is not permitted within 1/10 th of riverbed or 5 meters from the bank of the river/ Khad whichever is higher. Therefore, no mining will be undertaken in the restricted parts. Total Sq. meters of area shall be available for working every year as per mining plan. The proposed mine has lease over an area of hectare. It has been proposed to extract TPA of Sand, Stone & Bajri which gets replenished during every monsoon season by sediment inflow. 7

9 Mining shall be manually, however the mechanical mining shall be undertaken with due permission of the government as per provision of law. 3.5 Project description with process details (a schematic diagram/flow chart showing the project layout, components of the project etc. should be given) Method of Mining Described in the pt. no.2.2 Production parameters TABLE: The Mineral production target for the Next five years is given below Year 1 st Year 2 nd Year 3 rd Year 4 th Year 5 th Year Total Production of Material (in MT) Boulders Bajri (Pebbles) Sand Total *Source: Approved Mine Plan Working Depth (below ground level) During the lease period, the deposit will be worked from the top surface to 1 m /3 feet bgl or above ground water table, whichever comes first Geomorphology & Soil Types Sirmaur district presents an intricate mosaic of high mountain ranges, hills and valleys with altitude ranging from 300 to 3000 m above MSL. There is general increase in elevation from south to north and from east to west. In general trans- Giri terrain exhibits highly rugged mountain terrain. The highest peaks in Chaurdhar remain snow bound throughout the year. Low denuded hill ranges of Siwalik represent the southwestern part of the district. In the 8

10 areas underlain by high hill ranges of Himalayas, the valleys are narrow and deep with steep slopes. The terrain is moderately to highly dissect with steep slopes. Paonta valley, trending NW-SE, has an area of about 230 sq km and lies between the main Himalayan ranges on the north and outer Siwalik hill range in the south. The Yamuna River that forms the eastern district boundary with the State of Uttrakhand drains a major part of Sirmaur district. Tons, Giri, Bata are its major tributaries. Only a small area in the southeast is drained by river Markanda of the Ghaggar river basin. Giri River practically bisects the district in to two parts, namely trans-giri area and cis-giri area. Paonta valley is drained by river Bata a tributary of Yamuna. Soils are vital natural resources on whose proper use depend the lifesupporting system and socioeconomic development of any country. There is a need to select watersheds representing each of the agro ecological situations of the district and develop these as models, which will act as wheels of agro-technology transfer for the development of the adjoining areas. A large area of the district has brown hill soils (Hapludolls, Hapludalfs and Udorthents) in gently sloping lands of Lesser Himalayas and alluvial soils (Udifluvents and Eutrochrepts) in other areas. Rocky outcrops on steep to very steep slopes are common. The soils of district Sirmaur are medium to high in available nitrogen, low to medium in available P & K. The organic carbon status of this district is medium to high. Most of the vegetable growing areas are showing the deficiency of micronutrients particularly zinc and boron. Rice growing areas in lower belt are also experiencing the deficiency of zinc. The soils of hilly terrain of the district are prone to water erosion. *Source 3.6Local Geology The mining lease area lies in River Yamuna, which is a main tributary of Ganges River. Giri River one of the major tributaries of the Yamuna river system. The River Yamuna originates from the Yamunotri Glacier near Baderpoonch peaks at an elevation of about 6387 meters above mean sea level (MSL) in district Uttarkashi of state of Uttarakhand. The highest point of the auctioned area for mining is 446 meters above MSL and lowest Point is 443 meters above MSL. Drainage pattern of the Yamuna River is of Dendritic type and ultimately it forms a part of Yamuna drainage system Geometry of Giri River Total Area of catchment = Sq. Km. Area of catchment up to mining site = 7699 Sq. Km. (Upto mining lease area below Dakpathar Barrage) 9

11 The following are the different ingredient of the Yamuna River Number of tributaries on the right bank-9 major & many small Number of tributaries on left bank -5 major and many small Stream order up to lease area 3 Maximum length of water shed 120 KM Maximum breadth of water shed 62 KM Profile of River Bed Elevation at origin Elevation at auctioned lease area Total length of khad upto mining lease Cumulative Elevation Loss 6387 M 446 to 443 M km 5973 M Average Slope 3.2 % i.e. about 1.44 Slope angle at lease area <1 % i.e. about 0.30 Cycle of erosion at lease area is old Annual Deposition of River/ Stream Bed. The river has sufficient capacity to replenish almost equivalent to the stress on the lease are hence; no rotational mining has been proposed The Competency of river as observed at the of mining is high and its carry the size of boulder of more than cms X cms X 12-45cms. *Source Approved Mine plan Table: Showing Lithostratigraphy of the river surrounding the lease area Group Lithology Age Newer Alluvium Channel Alluvium Grey micaceous, fine to coarse grained sand, silt and clay Terrace Alluvium Cyclic sequence of grey micaceous sand, silt and Clay Fan Alluvium Brownish grey clay, sand and gravels with boulders Older Alluvium Dun Gravels Multi cyclic sequence of brown to grey silt, clay with kankar and reddish brown to grey micaceous sand with pebbles Upper Siwalik B Predominantly massive conglomerate with A red and orange clay and matrix and minor sand stone and earthy buff and brown clay stone Sand stone, clay and conglomerate 10

12 alternation Middle Siwaliks B Massive sand stone with minor conglomerate and local variegated clay stone A Predominantly medium to coarse grained sand stone and red clay alternate, soft pebbly with subordinate clay stone, locally thick prism of conglomerate Lower Siwaliks A Alternation of fine to medium grained sporadically pebbly sand stone, calcareous cement and prominent chocolate and medium maroon clay stone in the middle part A Red and massive clay stone with thin interaction of medium to fine grained sand stone * Source: Approved Mine Plan 3.7 Raw Material Required Along with Estimated Quantity, Likely source, marketing area of final product/s, mode of transport of raw material and Finished Product No raw material will be required in the proposed project. The operation involves the extraction of Sand, Stone and Bajri in its existing form and loaded into tractor trolleys to the direct saleable material will be transported to local markets. Minor mineral namely Sand, Stone and Bajri is used as raw material for construction and infrastructure projects like building, bridges, dams etc. The transportation of Sand, Stone and Bajri will be carried out by tractor trolleys to the stone crusher from the mine site and then finished product will be transported to the market. 3.8 Resource Optimization/ Recycling and Reuse envisaged in the project, if any. Not envisaged. 3.9 Availability of Water Its Source, Energy/ Power Requirement and Source Water Requirement Total amount of water required for the project is 2.17 KLD the water will be supplied from bore well at the mine site. Total Water requirement 2.17 KLD 11

13 For Domestic Purpose 1.57 KLD For Dust Suppression Purpose 0.6 KLD Water is required for drinking, domestic purposes and for dust suppression. The number of working people is 35 so the total water requirement will be around 2.17 KLD. About 0.6 KLD will be required for dust suppression and 1.57 KLD for domestic purpose POWER REQUIREMENT Mining shall be manually, however the mechanical mining shall be undertaken with due permission of the government as per provision of law. The operation will be done only day time (9am to 6 pm) hence there is no power requirement for the project at site QUANTITY OF WASTES TO BE GENERATED (LIQUID AND SOLID) AND SCHEME FOR THEIR MANAGEMENT/ DISPOSAL Quantity of Waste to be generated (Liquid & Solid) and it s Management: No liquid effluent will be generated during this process 1915 TPA of waste will be generated during the mining processes which are used for plantation along the haulage roadsides & crusher site /near civic amenities after consultation with local competent authority. The arrangements made for top soil utilization, as per mining plan lease area is within the river of Yamuna therefore, the waste material shall be used for the maintenance of the approach road of the mining actioned and the stone crusher unit as the road from stone crusher site unit connecting the main road. Table 3: Details of waste programme Year Silt/Clay (in tones) 1st year nd year rd year th year th year 1915 Total 9575 *Source: Approved Mine Plan 12

14 4. SITE ANALYSIS 4.1 Connectivity Nearest Railway Station Railway Station - Dehradun- (About Km. in SE direction) Aerial Distance nearest Airport Airport- Dehradun Jolly Grant (About Km in SE Direction) Aerial Distance Nearest Highway NH-72 about 570 meters in East Direction Bhagani Sahib Road about 320 meters in North Direction 4.2 LANDFORM, LANDUSE AND LAND OWNERSHIP Table: Showing Detail of Area: Sr. No Khasra Number Hectares Area (Ha) Status Owner of land Kism Mauza Kabja Forest Department Government. Land Gair Mumkin Nadi Paonta Total Hectares *Source: Approved Mine Plan The mining lease has been issued by Sh. Kush Parmar Located in the Mauza & Mohal Paonta for the extraction of Sand, Stone & Bajri. 4.3 Topography Sirmaur district lies in the outer Himalayan ranges commonly called as Shivalik between and east longitude and and north latitude. The district is predominantly mountainous with deep valleys lying between ranges of varying elevations. The district has hilly and mountainous topography with intermountain valleys, the most prominent being the Paonta valley. Longest length from west to east is 77 kms. And the maximum width from north to south is 80 kms. The district is bounded by Shimla district in the north Uttrakhand in the east, Yamuna Nagar district of Haryana in the south and west and Solan district in the north-west. The geographical area of the district is 2825 Sq. Km. which is almost 5.07% of the total geographical area of the state Area wise it is the fifth smallest district of the state after Hamirpur, Bilaspur, Una and Solan districts. *Source: 13

15 maur.pdfdist 10km buffer map attached as Map No Existing land use pattern (agriculture, non-agriculture, forest, water bodies (include area under CRZ), shortest distances from the periphery of the project to periphery of the forests, national park, wild life sanctuary, eco sensitive areas, water bodies (distance from the HFL of the river), CRZ. In case of notified industrial area, a copy of the Gazette Notification should be given. The area considered for mining of dry khad material has not been utilized for any purpose other than for the natural flow of the river. The objective of this operation is only to regulate the flow in its natural course which is presently being hindered by the sedimentation over a long period of time. 4.5 Soil Classification The soil in the district varies from thin and bare soil of high mountains to rich deep alluvial soil of the valleys. In the hilly area i.e. northern part soils are veneer and brown in color, these are high base status soil of humid regions. In the southern part, combination of shallow black, brown and alluvial soils are found. *Source: Climatic & Rainfall The climate of the district is sub-tropical to temperate depending upon the elevation. Four major seasons that are the winter season extends from Nov to February; summer season from March to June followed by the monsoon period extending from July to September end. Maximum precipitation in the form of rain occurs during July to September. Average annual rainfall in the district is about 982 mm with average of 60 rainy days. In the non monsoon season precipitation as snowfall also occurs in the higher reaches above 1500 m amsl, the peaks of Chaur Dhar remains covered by snow. During winter period rainfall also occurs in lower hills and valleys parts. Mean maximum and minimum temperature of 30 C and -0 C respectively. * 4.7 Social Infrastructure available The proposed mining project will provide employment to the local people and it will help in uplifting socioeconomic condition of the residents. The mining lease area is connected by village metallic road about 180 meters in NNW Direction then well to Dakpathar Road further connected NH-123 about 2.16 Km in SE Direction. There are Middle Schools; 14

16 Secondary School Education, Collage education & medical facilities are available at Paonta Sahib & Gojar Adiyan 5 PLANNING BRIEF 5.1 Planning Concept (type of industries, facilities, transportation etc.) Town and Country Planning/Development authority Classification Mining will be carried out as per the approved mine plan and it has been proposed to extract TPA. Approved Mine Plan attached as Annexure IV 5.2 Population projection The project will employ mostly workers from nearby villages. There will not be any increase in population due to the project. 5.3 Land use planning The mining lease is situated in the River Yamuna, a primary tributary of the River Ganga. The river Yamuna, a major tributary of river Ganges, originates from the Yamunotri glacier near Banderpoonch peaks (38 59' N 78 27' E) at an elevation of about 6387 meters above mean sea level in district Uttarkashi (Uttrakhand). The Yamuna catchment drains the Punjab- Kimaon Himalayas from Shimla in northwest to Mussoorie in the southeast. After flowing in a southeasterly direction for about 120 Km, it is joined by its principal tributary, the Tons near Dakpathar. The Tons drains a large catchment area hence carries a large volume of water than the main river Yamuna. From the west, another important tributary, the Giri, Joins the main river near Paonta Sahib Source: Approved Mine Plan 5.4 Assessment of Infrastructure Demand (Physical & Social) On the basis of the preliminary site visit, the infrastructure demand in the villages was assessed on the basis of need and priority as per the recommendation of local body. 5.5 Amenities/Facilities Temporary rest shelters, portable toilets, drinking water and first-aid will be made available to the mine workers. 6. PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE 6.1 Industrial Area (Processing Area) No infrastructure is proposed. 6.2 Residential Area (Non Processing Area) 15

17 As the local person will be given employment, no residential area/ housing is proposed. 6.3 Plantation The entire mining lease area falls within river course and gets flooded during monsoons; therefore, no plantation is possible within this area. Clay and Silt mixture will be used for plantation by fast growing like Mangifera indica, Dalbergia sissoo, Azadirachta indica, Cassia fistula, Syzygium cumini, Bauhinia variegata etc. along the haulage road sides & also crusher site *Source: Approved Mine Plan 6.4 Connectivity (traffic and transportation road/rail/metro/water ways etc.) There is metallic road and then a non-metallic road up to the mine site. The area is well connected to village metallic road Bhagani Sahib RD about 320 meters in NE Direction then well to NH Drinking water management About 0.6 KLD will be required dust suppression purpose and about 1.57 KLD for domestic therefore total water requirement is about 2.17 KLD. This water will be supplied from bore well at the mine site 6.6 Sewerage system No sewerage system is provided as no effluent will be produced at the mine site. 6.7 Industrial waste management Not applicable. 6.8 Solid waste management Maximum 1915 TPA of the waste material shall be used for the maintenance of the approach road of the mining actioned and the stone crusher unit as the road from stone crusher site unit connecting the main road. Remaining is used for plantation work with local species as per the approved mine plan 6.9 Power requirement & supply/source Mining shall be manually, however the mechanical mining shall be undertaken with due permission of the government as per provision of law. Mining will be done only in the day time (9am to 6 pm) hence there is no power requirement for the project at site 7.0 REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT (R&R) PLAN Not Applicable. 8.0 PROJECT SCHEDULE & COST ESTIMATES 16

18 The project will commence once Environmental Clearance and other necessary certificates are obtained from the respective departments. The Total cost of project would be around Rs. 20 lakh. 9.0 ANALYSIS OF PROPOSAL (FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS) Increase of population directly proportional to increase in need of shelter i.e. houses, highrise flats etc. not only building but number of malls, hotels, roads, bridges also increase rapidly to meet up our requirements. The Sand Stone and Bajri are basic material for building, in one word these are the backbone of all infrastructure and construction projects. Sand, Stone and Bajri extracted only by river bed mining. The Sand, Stone and Bajri are in high demand in market due to booming real estate industry. This project operation will provide livelihood to the poorest section of the society. It provides employment to the people residing in vicinity directly or indirectly. The Sand, Stone and Bajri extracted is in high demand in the local market *********** 17

19 MAUZA & MOHAL MAJRI PAHARUWALA TEHSIL-POANTA SAHIB PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT APPLICANT: Sh. LAKHWINDER SINGH 1