Capital University Law School Fall Semester, 2018 Law Environmental Law Syllabus 6/3/2018 Professor Mark Navarre Telephone:

Transcription

1 Capital University Law School Fall Semester, 2018 Law Environmental Law Syllabus 6/3/2018 Professor Mark Navarre Telephone: Office hours by appointment Required Textbooks: (1) Robert V. Percival, Christopher H. Schroeder, Alan S. Miller, James P Leape, Environmental Regulation: Law, Science, and Policy (Walters Kluwer 7 th ed or 8 th ed. 2018) ( Percival ). (2) Stephen M. Johnson, Economics, Equity, and the Environment (ELI, 2004) ( Johnson ). Recommended Textbook: (1) Robert V. Percival, Christopher H. Schroeder, Environmental Law: Statutory and Case Supplement ( ) ( Statute Book ). CLASS 1 (August 23) I. INTRODUCTION A. Environmental Values and Policies: An Introduction 1. Environmental Problems and Progress; American Environmentalism: Sources and Values (Percival, 7 th ed. pp / 8 th ed. pp. 1-15) 2. Economics and the Environment (Percival, / 29-41) 3. Ecological Perspectives (Percival, / 41-52) 4. Common Pool Resources (Percival, / 52-56) 5. Problem Exercise: Artic Oil Exploration, the Keystone XL Pipeline, and Hydraulic Fracturing (Percival, / 56-64) B. Rulemaking and Judicial Review 1. The Regulatory Process (Percival, / ) 2. Judicial Review & Regulatory Process (Percival, / ) CLASS 2 (August 30) II. SETTING ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS 1

2 A. Approaches to Goal-Setting (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) B. Health- and Environment-Based Standards CLASS 3 (September 6) CLASS 4 (September 13) 1. The Clean Air Act s National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) Program a. Introduction to Air Pollution Control (1) The Air Pollution Problem (Percival, / ) (2) The Clean Air Act (CAA): Basic Principles (Percival, / ) (Statute Book, ) b. National Ambient Air Quality Standards and State Implementation Plans: the Basic Framework (1) Establishing NAAQS (Percival, / ) (2) Implementation and Compliance The Basic Structure (Percival, / ) (3) Establishing NAAQS (cont.) (Percival, / ) (4) Problem Exercise (Percival, / 580, Question One only) c. Revising NAAQS (Percival, / ) (1) Problem exercise on revising NAAQS (handout) d. State Implementation Plans (SIPs) (1) Envt l Federalism (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) (2) Federal/State Structure of CAA (Percival, / ) e. Problem Exercise: Federalism (handout) State ex. rel. Morrison v. Beck Energy, 143 Ohio St. 3d 271 (2015) C. Technology-Based Standards 1. The Clean Water Act s National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Program a. Statutory Authorities for Protecting Water Quality (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) D. Technology-Forcing Standards 2

3 1. Clean Air Act Mobile Source Controls: A Technology-Forcing Venture (Percival, / ) E. Balancing Standards 1. The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA): Risk-Benefit Balancing (Percival, / ) F. Problem Exercise: Comparing Approaches to Standard Setting (handout) CLASS 5 (September 20) III. STRATEGIES FOR ACHIEVING ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS A. Regulatory Options 1. Approaches to Regulation: Assessing the Options (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) B. Technology-Based Regulation: Clean Water Act (CWA) CLASS 6 (September 27) 1. The Clean Water Act NPDES Permit Program (Statute Book, ) a. The Water Pollution Problem (Percival, / ) b. Reg. of Discharges from Point Sources (Percival, 694 / ) (1) Defining point sources (Percival, / ) (2) Tech.-based effluent limitations (Percival, / ) c. Problem Exercise (handout) [Gold Star Mining] C. Market-Based Incentives 1. The Limits of Command-and-Control and the Move Towards Market- Based Mechanisms (Johnson, 1-2) (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) 2. Handouts: Ackerman & Stewart, Reforming Environmental Law; Wagner, The Triumph of Technology-Based Standards 3. Incentive-Based Techniques (Johnson, 3-7) 4. Pollution Trading Programs (Johnson, ) 5. Pollution Taxes, Charges, and Fees (Johnson, 17-33) 6. Clean Air Act Trading Program (Johnson, ) (Percival, / ) 3

4 CLASS 7 (October 4) D. Sidebar on Climate Change Law and Policy: Comparing Regulatory Strategies CLASS 8 (October 11) 1. The Science of Global Climate Change (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) 2. Domestic legal responses a. Regulation of GHG under the CAA (Percival, / ) 3. Problem Exercise: Designing a National Greenhouse Gas Control Program (Percival, / ) 4. The Clean Power Plan (handout) 5. International legal responses a. Legal and Policy Responses to Global Warming and Climate Change (Percival, / , including 7 th ed. Problem Exercise) E. Pollution Prevention (P2) and Recycling CLASS 9 (October 18) 1. P2 (Statute Book, 565) (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) a. What is pollution prevention? (Johnson, ) b. Federal Pollution Prevention Efforts (Johnson, ) 2. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) a. The Waste Management Problem and the RCRA Regulatory Program (Percival, / ) (Statute Book, ) b. What substances are solid wastes? (Percival, / ) c. Identifying hazardous waste (Percival, / ) d. RCRA problem exercise (handout) F. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) a. Introduction to CERCLA (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) (Statute Book, 470) b. Responsible Parties (1) Owners and Operators (Percival, / ) (2) Arrangers (Generators) (Percival, / ) (3) Transporters (Percival, / 437) c. Problem Exercise on CERCLA Liability (Percival, 449 / 449) 4

5 CLASS 10 (October 25) CLASS 11 (November 1) d. Cost Allocation (1) Strict, joint and several liability (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) (2) Amount and allocation of liability (Percival, , / , ) (3) Problem exercise on CERCLA Cost Allocation, Settlements, and Contribution (Percival, / ) e. The Brownfields Program (Percival, / ) (Johnson, ) f. The Future of the Superfund program (1) Has Superfund worked? (Percival, / ) G. Prohibitions and Use Limitations CLASS 12 (November 8) 1. The Endangered Species Act (ESA) a. Why should we preserve biodiversity? (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) b. The Endangered Species Act: An Overview (Percival, / ) (Statute Book, ) c. Which species are protected? (Percival, / ) d. Review of Federal actions: Section 7 (Percival, / ) e. Protection against private action: Section 9 (Percival, / ) (including Problem Exercise) f. The future of biodiversity protection (Percival, / ) H. Planning and Analysis Requirements 1. Planning-Based Laws (Johnson, ) 2. The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) (Statute Book, 1066) a. Overview (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) b. When must an Environmental Impact Statement be prepared? (1) Proposals for Legislation and Other Major Federal Actions (Percival, / ) (2) Problems of timing and scope (Percival, 911, / 927, ) (3) Significantly Affecting the Quality of the Human Environment (Percival, 927, / , ) 5

6 CLASS 13 (November 15) (4) Problem Exercise (handout) (5) Epilogue: how well does NEPA work? (Percival, / ) I. Information Collection and Disclosure 1. Why is information collection and disclosure important for environmental law? (Johnson, ) (Percival, 7 th ed / 8 th ed ) 2. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) (Percival, / ) (Johnson, ) (Statute Book, ) 3. Other Information Collection and Disclosure Laws (Percival, / ) (Johnson, ) (Statute Book, ) 4. Take-home Exercise: Finding Environmental Facts About Your Community (handout) 5. Benefits and limitations of the Information Disclosure Approach (Johnson, ) J. Environmental Contracting (Johnson, ) (Percival / ) 1. Amoco/EPA Pollution Prevention Study (handout) 2. Project XL and Regulatory Flexibility (Johnson, ) 3. The Habitat Conservation Program (Johnson, ) (Percival, , / , 1074) 4. Brownfields Programs (Johnson, ) November 22: NO CLASS THANKSGIVING BREAK November 26: RESERVED (Make-up Monday) CLASS 14 (November 27) K. Voluntary Measures, Green Industry and Sustainable Development 1. Environmental Management Systems (Johnson, , ) 2. Green Business and Sustainable Development (handout) 3. The Future of Environmental Regulation (Percival, / ) L. Legal and Regulatory Strategies for Sustainable Energy Production 1. R. Ottinger, Legal Frameworks for Energy for Sustainable Development 6