Processing technologies for fibre plants

Transcription

1 Processing technologies for fibre plants

2 Products from hemp Hemcore 2010 Seeds Seeds Fibres Fibres Shives Shives Temafa 2009 Schlößler 2000 Hemcore /05/2013 2

3 Overview Dry processing line Wet processing line Traditional processing line New processing line raw material retted and unretted hemp straw and flax straw chopped hemp plants (flax, coconut fibres,...) time after harvest retting /drying time on field storage straw bales ensiled chopped material Products fibres and shives milled fibres status quo realised in a company research is going on

4 Current Situation in Hemp Fibre Processing Limited processing capacity in Europe, regardless the demand for industrial applications tends to increase (automotive ) High investment costs (including growing ) Partial low machine reliability and throughput (< 2 t h 1 ), also resulting from raw material situation Straw retting is necessary for the production of high quality fibres high weather risk, quality problems competition for growing area resp. competition with other fibres (import, manmade), BUT Unsecure supply Quality changes Unpredictable prices challenges & prospects

5 ATB Line Throughput 2,5...3 t/h Fiber length (Long fiber) mm Fiber yield hemp/flax/oil seed flax 24/29/20 % Remaining shive content < 2/4/6 % Recycling of short fibers ~ 2,4 % Expected investment 2,0 Mill. Fiber production price ~ 0.55 /kg

6 Efficient technologies Decortication (ATB Hammermill) v Fasern throughput 2 3 t/h retted and unretted straw hemp, flax, oilseed flax Fibre Cleaning (Comb shaker) throughput t/h shive content < 5 m % low machine costs and downtimes Shive Cleaning (Axial fractioner) throughput t/h high shive quality recovery of fibres from shives low machine costs and downtimes

7 Short fibre Production (ATB Line) 1 - Magazine feeder 5 - Straw metering system 9 - Multiple ultra cleaner 13 - Shives 2 - Bale cutter 6 - Conveyor 10 - Saw tooth opener 3 - Metal detector 7 - Decorticator 11 - Condenser 4 - Stone eliminator 8 - Condenser 12 - Fiber baler

8 Mass Flows 2 t/h 1.2 t/h 0.6 t/h 308 /h 0.56 t/h 294 /h 310 /h 1.28 t/h 1.2 t/h 0.24 t/h

9 Alternative supply and processing chain

10 Alternative supply and processing chain Chopping from the plant stand Separating of decorticated fibres from the freshly harvested, chopped material Other biomass resources e.g.: wood, dry plant materials or remainings from biomass processing Conditioning and cleaning the fibres Wet preserving the fibre shive mixture Drying the fibres Producing fibre material Processing to final products Processing to final products Processing of preserved hemp, patent DE , 1997 Processing of preserved natural fibre plants, patent DE ,

11 wet line dry/half dry processing harvest preservation plastification milling drying glue fleece pressing application forming

12 Micobiological activities within preservation stage 13/05/

13 Fibre Milling / Defibration

14 New processing line for chopped hemp plants processing line for chopped and wet preserved hemp mass throughput 300 kg/h dry matter simple system technology and reliable plant operation reliable product quality reduced consumption of natural resources

15 Mechanical properties of fibre boards DIN EN 622 Bending strenght [N/mm²] rape press cake starch powder agglutinated starch semi product of PLA rye extract PF resin 10 % PF / bamboo 10 % PF / fermentation fibre 4 % PMDI / hemp shives fibre Binder wet-preserved hemp / wood (70:30) alternative fibre materials 10 % binder, d = 10 mm, = 1140 kg/m³ d = 10 mm, = 820 kg/m³

16 Comparison of mechanical properties of composites based on dry / preserved fibre and PP polymer Modulus [MPa] 20 % pres. hemp Charpy impact [kj/m²] tensile flexural PP pure 20 % hemp fibres 20 % hemp fibres 20 % pres. hemp

17 A reasonable NF product malerkeller.de 52 % of total energy demand used for heating (D) Up to 3/4 of all family homes in D do not feature reasonable heat insulation Energy saving is a substantial factor of sustainable resource management Hock 13/05/

18 A reasonable NF product CO 2 saving by proper insulation AND CO 2 sequestration in the product Requires up to 20 times less energy for production compared to synthetics Improved sound insulation Complementary summer heat insulation Better living comfort Resource neutral disposal by avoiding hazardous waste at end of life Chance for local business development and employment by reduced dependence from (raw material) imports Hock 13/05/

19 Further fields of interest Building materials with wet preserved fibre and mineral matrix Breaking load [kn] Test procedures for natural fibres / products Image analysis microscopy NIR HPLC GC Compression [mm]

20 Thank you Questions: Dr. H. J. Gusovius Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam Bornim Department of Post Harvest Technology Max Eyth Allee 100 / Potsdam Bornim / GERMANY phone/fax: ++49 (0) / hjgusovius@atb potsdam.de url: potsdam.de