The Hydrologic (Water) Cycle

Transcription

1 Ever since the Volcanic outgassing of water vapor 4 billion years ago, Earth has been recycling its water supply. gained lost Earth s has not or water since

2 The Water Cycle - the model used to illustrate the storage and the continuous movement of water at or near Earth s surface The water cycle is fueled by Sun s energy (insolation) and gravity

3 Insolation: (Letter ) A Sun s Energy is the energy that drives the water cycle.

4 Evaporation: (Letter ) B As heat was added to the water, it changes state from a liquid to a. gas As more energy is added to the water, the water molecules move faster and farther apart. When the water vapor is warmer and less dense than the surrounding air, it rises up into the atmosphere.

5 Transpiration: (Letter ) C A plant takes in water through its roots. When the plant does not use the water, it is given off as Water vapor Evaporation and transpiration both add water vapor into the atmosphere. This combined process is called evapotranspiration

6 Condensation: (Letter ) Water vapor continues to rise, as the altitude increases, the temperature. decreases As water vapor cools it. condenses The process changes water s state from gas to. liquid The water vapor needs something to condenses onto called the Condensation. nuclei (Examples: dust, dirt, pollution). Millions of these tiny droplets will form a. cloud D

7 Precipitation: (Letter ) E When a cloud s droplets join and get too big to overcome, gravity they fall from the cloud as. precipitation Examples: Rain Snow Sleet Hail

8 Runoff: (Letter ) F flowing Water on the surface of earth. Excess precipitation will fill the ground with water or cause the ground to become saturated. The water is not able to enter the ground which will cause water to flow downhill on the Earth s surface due to gravity.

9 Infiltration: (Letter ) Infiltration occurs when water seeps into Earth s land surface, due to the force of. gravity The water fills pockets of, air called pores in the soil and rock. Water that infiltrates the ground is called. groundwater When the grounds holds the maximum amount of water possible it becomes, saturated leading to runoff. G

10 Groundwater movement

11 Practice Regents Questions Complete the table by identifying the name of the water cycle process occurring at each number. Evaporation Transpiration Condensation Precipitation Surface Runoff Infiltration

12 Practice Regents Questions What is the main source of energy for the water cycle? The Sun s Energy (Insolation) Identify which water cycle process produces cloud droplets. Condensation Describe the process of condensation. Water vapor (gas) cools turning into a liquid. Explain one role of plants in the water cycle. Transpiration release water vapor into the atmosphere.

13 Practice Regents Questions Which statement best explains how atmospheric dust particles influence the water cycle? a) Dust particles are the main source of dissolved salts in the sea. b) Dust particles increase the capacity of the atmosphere to hold water vapor. c) Dust particles increase the amount of evaporation that takes place. d) Dust particles provide surfaces on which water vapor can condense

14 Practice Regents Questions The flowchart below shows part of Earth's water cycle. The question marks indicate a part of the flowchart that has been deliberately left blank. Which process should be shown in place of the question marks to best complete the flowchart? Evaporation Why is it not transpiration?