What is SWAT? SWAT GI-LID Module

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1 What is SWAT? Jeff Arnold SWAT GI-LID Module Jaehak Jeong, Roger Glick, Fouad Jaber Hydrologic and Water Quality System (HAWQS) Raghavan Srinivasan

2 Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Developed by USDA-ARS in Cooperation with USDA-NRCS and Texas A&M AgriLife Research Most Widely Used Watershed-Scale Water Quality Model Worldwide Simulates Hydrology, Sediment, Nutrients, Pesticides, Bacteria, Plant Growth, etc. Major Users: USDA, USEPA, USACE, USAID, NASA, DOE, World Bank, Many universities, state and international organizations

3 SWAT & Urban Modeling Urbanization, Hydrology, and Water Quality Increase in impervious cover promotes higher runoff and lower infiltration Stream flow more flashy Urban Non-Point and Point Sources (Roesner et al., 2001)

4 SWAT & Urban Modeling Why SWAT for urban modeling? Fully supported open source 30+ years expertise in hydrologic and water quality modeling (>2,500 journal papers in English) Widely used for TMDLs, water rights, climate change, etc. Simulates landscape management Works for small scale (~50 acres) as well as large scale (>300,000ac) Available Input Data, GIS Interface, User Tools

5 LID Simulation Strategies SWAT subdaily simulation module Urban BMPs & LID (Green Infrastructure) Green Infrastructure Urban BMPs Green roof Rain garden Subdaily model SWAT modules for sub-hourly simulation Sedimentation- Filtration basin Retention-Irrigation basin Detention pond Cistern Porous pavement Overland flow, stream flow, ponds, reservoirs, and point sources Wet pond Soil erosion and sediment transport

6 Scenario Analysis As LID adaptation rate increases: Surface runoff decreases ET increases Green Roof Rain Garden Cistern CS Porous Pavement 5%

7 Scenario Analysis As LID adaptation rate increases: Peak runoff & runoff volume decreases Green Roof Rain Garden Cistern Porous Pavement

8 City of Austin Watershed Protection Dept. SWAT Capabilities Sub-hourly analysis Urban Structural Control Measures (SCMs) Sedimentation Filtration Retention Irrigation Regional Detention Wet Ponds Porous Pavement Rain Gardens Cisterns Green Roofs

9 City of Austin Watershed Protection Dept. Brentwood Watershed Austin, TX 150 ha Highly urbanized Monitored by City of Austin SWAT Prepared by City of Austin Great detail subbasins

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11 Calibration Results

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13 Peak Flow vs. Return Period

14 Hydrologic And Water Quality System (HAWQS) EPA Office of Water and TAMU Spatial Sciences Laboratory Effects of Regulations, Urbanization, Climate Change, and GI-LID on Water Quality Facilitates Use of SWAT (80%-90% Reduction in Effort)

15 Hydrologic And Water Quality System (HAWQS) EPA Office of Water Specifications Web-Based, No Specialized Software Easily Used for Water Quality Assessments Calibrated for Hydrology of 48 States 3 Spatial Scales (HUC-8, HUC10, HUC12) USDA Soils 30-Meter Land Use Measured Weather ( ) and NEXRAD since 2010 Climate Change Capability Capacity to Set Up and Execute Models on Web and/or Download to Local Computer and Edit with SWAT Editor

16 Hydrologic And Water Quality System (HAWQS) Planned Enhancements Public Version ( HUMUS ) Weather Records ( ) More Detailed Spatial Scale (NHDplus) More Detailed Soils Data Subdaily NEXRAD Weather National, State, and Regional Adaptations of HUMUS Poland Pernambuco, Brazil North Texas / TRWD -???

17 HUC 12 - Dallas county 43 HUC 12 Watersheds in Dallas County

18 NHDplus Dallas county 301 NHDplus Watersheds in Dallas County

19 Enhance HAWQS/HUMUS for North Texas Urban Applications -??? Use as Educational Tool -??? Support State and Local Organizations -??? GI-LID Analyses Regulatory Impacts Watershed Planning State Water Planning (and Environmental Flows) Technical Enhancements -??? Add More GI-LID Alternatives Stormwater Watersheds Reservoir Operations Withdrawals Point Sources Interbasin Transfers Link with Groundwater Availability Models

20 Thanks! C. Allan Jones Senior Research Scientist Texas A&M Spatial Sciences Lab